Contents -- 1. Foreword 9 -- 2. English as a global language 15 -- 2.1. General questions and issues 15 -- 2.2. The presence of English in the world 17 -- 2.2.1. Trudgill's model 17 -- 2.2.2. Phillipson's model 17 -- 2.2.3. Kachru's model 19 -- 2.3. English as a lingua franca 22 -- 2.3.1. Terminological questions 22 -- 2.3.2. Reasons for the global role of English 26 -- 2.4. Globalization and the role of English in the world 29 -- 2.4.1. Linguistic imperialism, linguicism, linguistic genocide 31 -- 2.4.2. Linguistic effects of globalization 34 -- 2.5. De Swaan's theory on the global language system 37 -- 2.6. The influence of English in various domains of life 44 -- 2.7. Opposition against the dominance of English 48 -- 2.7.1. The postcolonial context 49 -- 2.7.2. The European context 51 -- 2.8. The impact of globalization on English: International English 54 -- 2.9. International English and Medieval Latin 64 -- 2.10. The linguistic situation of the European Union 68 -- 2.10.1. Linguistic, demographic background and language knowledge 68 -- 2.10.2. The level of civil society in the European Union 70 -- 2.10.2.1. Internal communication between member states: a new kind of diglossia or bilingualism? 71 -- 2.10.2.2. Transnational communication 73 -- 2.10.3. The institutional level of the European Union 80 -- 3. Language contact 85 -- 3.1. On language contact in general 85 -- 3.2. Societal bi- and multilingualism 88 -- 3.2.1. Terminological questions 89 -- 3.2.2. Types of societal bilingualism 91 -- 3.2.3. Reasons for the emergence of societal bilingualism 92 -- 3.2.4. Types of multilingual countries 93 -- 3.2.5. Multilingualism and language contact 96 -- 3.3. Borrowing, code-switching and code-mixing 97 -- 3.4. Where and how can language contact come about? 103 -- 3.5. The taxonomy of language contact 106 -- 3.5.1. Ehlich's model 107.

3.5.2. Van Coetsem's model 110 -- 3.5.2.1. Agentivity 111 -- 3.5.2.2. Stability 113 -- 3.6. Transfer and interference 116 -- 3.7. Transfer at various levels of linguistic description 119 -- 3.7.1. Phonological transfer 120 -- 3.7.2. Grammatical transfer 124 -- 3.7.2.1. Morphological transfer 124 -- 3.7.2.2. Syntactic transfer 126 -- 3.7.3. Lexical transfer 127 -- 3.7.3.1. Possible reasons for lexical transfer 128 -- 3.7.3.2. The acceptance of borrowings 131 -- 3.7.3.3. Types of lexical transfer 132 -- 3.7.4. Semantic transfer 143 -- 3.8. The integration of borrowings 144 -- 4. The situation of English in multilingual Switzerland 149 -- 4.1. Language policy in Switzerland 150 -- 4.1.1. Official and national languages in Switzerland 150 -- 4.1.2. "Diversity, in order to live in unity" 152 -- 4.1.3. The linguistic situation of German speaking Switzerland 155 -- 4.2. Diglossia and bilingualism: a theoretical digression 157 -- 4.2.1. The traditional concept of diglossia 157 -- 4.2.2. Extending the concept 159 -- 4.2.3. Switzerland: functional diglossia? 160 -- 4.2.4. Alternative models of diglossia 163 -- 4.2.4.1. Medial diglossia 163 -- 4.2.4.2. Productive-receptive diglossia 164 -- 4.2.4.3. Rudimentary bilingualism 165 -- 4.2.5. Bilingualism and diglossia 166 -- 4.3. Communication between the linguistic regions of Switzerland 168 -- 4.3.1. General questions 168 -- 4.3.2. The partner language model 171 -- 4.3.3. The lingua franca model 175 -- 4.4. The situation of English in Switzerland 178 -- 4.4.1. The situation of English in Swiss schools 178 -- 4.4.2. The social role of English in Switzerland 180 -- 4.4.3. Social judgement of the role of English in Switzerland 181 -- 4.5. The relationship between Swiss Standard German and other languages 183 -- 4.6. Summary 184 -- 5. The analysis of recent borrowings 189 -- 5.1. Borrowings in English 193.

5.1.1. Sources 193 -- 5.1.1.1. Lexicographical works 193 -- 5.1.1.2. Corpus linguistic methods 198 -- 5.1.1.3. Distribution of the examined material in the sources 200 -- 5.1.2. Results of the study 202 -- 5.1.2.1. Categorization according to source languages 202 -- 5.1.2.2. Semantic groups 208 -- 5.1.2.3. Parts of speech 217 -- 5.1.3. Types of lexical transfer in the material 223 -- 5.1.4. Semantic change 224 -- 5.1.5. Possible reasons for lexical transfer 226 -- 5.1.6. Other remarks 226 -- 5.1.7. Final comments 229 -- 5.2. Borrowings in Spanish 230 -- 5.2.1. Sources 230 -- 5.2.2. Results of the study 232 -- 5.2.2.1. Categorization according to source languages 232 -- 5.2.2.2. Semantic groups 238 -- 5.2.2.3. The integration of borrowings 241 -- 5.2.2.4. Parts of speech 243 -- 5.2.2.5. Occurrence in the corpus 244 -- 5.3. Borrowings in German 245 -- 5.3.1. Anglicisms in German 245 -- 5.3.1.1. General evaluation of Anglicisms 245 -- 5.3.1.2. Source language varieties: British and American English 247 -- 5.3.1.3. Recipient language varieties: German from Germany, Austria and Switzerland 248 -- 5.3.2. Sources 249 -- 5.3.3. Results of the study 250 -- 5.3.3.1. Categorization according to source languages 250 -- 5.3.3.2. Semantic groups 252 -- 5.3.3.3. Adaptation and integration 255 -- 5.3.3.4. Parts of speech 262 -- 5.3.3.4.1. The gender of nouns 264 -- 5.3.3.4.2. Further issues of morphology and spelling 266 -- 5.3.3.5. Other studies on the corpus 268 -- 5.4. Borrowings in Hungarian 270 -- 5.4.1. Anglicisms in Hungarian 270 -- 5.4.2. Sources 272 -- 5.4.3. Results of the study 275 -- 5.4.3.1. Categorization according to source languages 275 -- 5.4.3.2. Semantic groups 280 -- 5.4.3.3. Parts of speech 281 -- 5.4.3.4. The integration of borrowings 287 -- 5.5. Overview: transfer strategies in the examined languages 293 -- 6. Conclusion 305.

References 313 -- Index 331.