Reflective Practice in Nursing -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1 An introduction to reflection -- Introduction -- Contemporary challenges for reflective nursing practice and education -- Explaining the concept of reflection -- Starting with Aristotle -- Dewey -- Schön -- Contemporary descriptions of reflection -- The influence of critical theory -- Similarities and differences in explanations of reflection -- Some key points about the concept of reflection -- Noteworthy concepts for a deeper understanding of reflection -- Praxis -- Critical being -- 'Knowing more than we can tell' -- The 'dangers' of reflection -- Evidence-based practice and reflection -- Reflection for communicating practice knowledge -- Empowerment and change -- Nurse education and knowledge tensions -- Nurse education and reflection -- Liberating and using practice experience -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Developing skills for reflective practice -- Introduction -- The importance of underlying skills -- Limitations of a skills-based approach to developing reflective practice -- An alternative approach to developing reflective practice -- Guidance on using the exercises in this chapter -- Issues for facilitators -- Self-awareness -- Description -- Critical analysis -- Identifying your existing knowledge -- Exploring feelings related to the situation -- Identifying and challenging assumptions -- Imagining and exploring alternative courses of action -- Synthesis -- Evaluation -- A more wide-ranging approach to developing reflective practice -- Attributes of the reflective practitioner -- Possessing a repertoire of experience -- Demonstrating artistic practice -- Being able to frame problems and experiment in practice -- Having an ability to articulate your reflective practice.

Having a transactional and constructivist relationship with practice -- Possessing tacit knowledge -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 3 Writing to learn: writing reflectively -- Introduction -- Your personal journal -- Where does your personal journal fit into your reflective learning? -- The purpose of a personal journal -- Starting your journal -- Blocks to writing -- Content -- To provide evidence to meet assessment criteria -- To research self -- For personal development -- What is reflective writing? -- Models of reflection -- Professional responsibilities -- Ethical considerations -- Conclusion -- References -- Useful websites -- Appendix 1 The park: comments on the quality of reflection (Adapted from Moon 2004) -- The park (1) -- The park (4) -- Appendix 2 Gibbs' reflective cycle (Gibbs 1998, adapted by Tate) -- Description of the experience (what happened?) -- Recording your feelings (what were you feeling?) -- Evaluating the experience -- Analysis of the experience -- Conclusion about the experience -- Action plan -- Chapter 4 Reflecting in groups -- Introduction -- Work-based learning, organisational learning and learning organisations -- Groups to support reflection, learning and supervision -- Online reflective groups -- Reflecting face to face -- Group working: challenges and benefits -- Creating fruitful conditions -- Power, groups and facilitation -- Benefits of reflective group work -- Challenges to group reflection -- Running a group: ground rules and other pragmatic issues -- Membership, micro-politics and the need to be accommodating -- Group time and commitment to the group -- Explaining the purpose of a reflective group -- Eliciting reflections: dialogue and other approaches -- The need to challenge, the need to support -- Reflecting on people and situations -- Facilitation and 'flying solo'.

Supporting facilitators -- Conclusion: many hands or too many cooks? -- References -- Chapter 5 An exploration of the student and mentor journey into reflective practice -- Introduction -- Changes and pressures on nursing and education - why reflection is increasingly important for students and mentors -- The student's journey into reflection -- How we introduce reflection to our students -- Developing self-awareness in practice and the simulated environment -- Developing descriptive skills -- Developing critical analysis and evaluation -- The mentor's journey into reflection -- Roles and responsibilities -- The role of reflection in mentor development -- Mentor preparation and reflection -- Reflective trigger questions based on the Nursing and Midwifery Council eight domains -- Additional reflective approaches that can be used by mentors -- Reflection and its place in student assessment -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Supervision for supervisors: icing on the cake or a basic ingredient for the development of clinical supervision in nursing? -- Introduction -- Making connections between reflective practice and clinical supervision -- Background to team supervision as the focus for supervision on supervisory practice -- Establishing the relationship for supervision on supervision -- The use of the telephone as a method of clinical supervision -- Using reflection for supervision on (John's) supervision -- Focusing on the supervisory process to identify 'blind spots' -- The use of parallel process -- Game playing in supervision -- Supervisory preferences and styles -- Just like supervision for supervisors: more questions than answers? -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 7 A personal exploration of reflective and clinical expertise -- Back to the beginning.

Step 1 Return to the experience: finding what is at the heart of your experience -- Finding Edna -- Finding a diagnosis -- Finding care -- Family finding me -- Side-step: the art of finding knowledge in experience -- Finding knowledge in experience in education practice -- Finding the point: start with the text -- Finding the point: listen to your emotional response -- Finding the point: preserve the wholeness of the text -- Finding the point: find what's in the text -- Finding the point: put the story together -- Step 2 Attend to the feelings - finding what is in your heart -- Step 3 Re-evaluate the experience - putting my heart and mind into knowing my practice -- Association - making links -- Integration - understanding the importance of links -- Validation - testing out the links -- What can be known about expertise from my encounter with Edna? -- Appropriation - embracing my learning from my encounter with Edna -- Concluding reflections -- References -- Chapter 8 Assessing and evaluating reflection -- Introduction -- Definitions -- Attributes -- Correlates -- The assessment of reflection -- The healthcare context -- Issues in assessing reflection -- Problems with the assessment of reflection -- Tools for assessing reflection -- Verbal strategies -- Written strategies -- Grading reflection -- Issues for students and teaching staff in the assessment of reflection -- Evaluating reflection -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 Getting started on a journey with reflection -- Contemplating the journey -- Having, and drawing on, a repertoire of experience -- Reflection, change and challenge -- Key suggestions for your journey with reflection -- Working on your skills for reflection -- Some useful frameworks for reflection -- Finding someone to reflect with -- Developing your reflective writing -- Reading the literature.

Having the courage to change and challenge -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.