COPYRIGHT -- HAGUE ACADEMY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW -- Unifying and Harmonizing Substantive Law and the Role of Conflict of Laws -- Preface -- CONTENTS -- CHAPTER I SETTLING THE PRELIMINARIES -- 1. The Law to Be Applied in Private Law Relationships with Cross-border Elements -- 2. Further Distinctions in Respect of the Applicable Law in Cross-border Relationships -- 3. Fields of Law to Be Analysed and Compared -- 4. The Main Issues to Be Addressed -- CHAPTER II TERMINOLOGY -- 1. Private International Law and International Private Law -- 2. Substantive Law -- 3. The Difference between Unification and Harmonization -- 3.1. Unification, unified and unifying law -- 3.2. Harmonization, harmonized and harmonizing law -- 4. Conflict of Law -- 5. Interaction -- Part I THE OBJECTS -- CHAPTER III UNIFYING SUBSTANTIVE LAW -- 1. Organizations -- 1.1. International organizations -- 1.1.1. UNIDROIT -- 1.1.2. UNCITRAL -- 1.2. European organizations -- 1.2.1. The Council of Europe -- 1.2.2. The European Union -- 1.3. African and American organizations -- 1.3.1. The Organization for the Harmonization of African Business Laws -- 1.3.2. The US National Conference of Commissionerson Uniform State Laws -- 2. Instruments -- 2.1. Conventions -- 2.2. Regulations -- 2.3. Directives -- 2.4. Uniform Acts -- 3. Does the Unification of Substantive Law Belong to the Past ? -- CHAPTER IV HARMONIZING SUBSTANTIVE LAW -- 1. Organizations -- 1.1. European academic groups and commissions -- 1.1.1. The Commission on European Contract Law,the Study Group on a European Civil Codeand the European Research Group on Existing EC Private Law -- 1.1.2. The European Group on Tort Law -- 1.1.3. The Commission on European Family Law -- 1.2. The American Law Institute -- 2. Instruments -- 2.1. Directives -- 2.2. Model Laws and Model Acts -- 2.3. Restatements -- 2.4. Principles/rules.

2.4.1. UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts -- 2.4.2. Principles of European Contract Law -- 2.4.3. Principles of European Tort Law -- 2.4.4. Principles of European Family Law -- 2.4.5. American Principles on Family Dissolution -- 3. Does the Harmonization of Substantive Law Have the Future ? -- CHAPTER V WHICH INSTRUMENT FOR WHICH PURPOSE ? -- 1. The Rationale for Unifying and Harmonizing Substantive Law Instruments -- 2. Upsides and Downsides of the Various Instruments -- 3. Unifying and Harmonizing Effects -- 4. Choice of Instruments -- 5. Developments and Trends in the Various Areas of Law -- CHAPTER VI CONFLICT OF LAWS -- 1. Multilateral Conventions -- 2. European Regulations -- 3. National Statute Law and Case Law -- PART II THE INTERACTION -- CHAPTER VII THE SCOPE OF APPLICATION OF UNIFYING AND HARMONIZING SUBSTANTIVE LAW INSTRUMENTS -- 1. One Side of the Coin : How to Regulate the Scope of Application ? -- 2. The Key Question : Replacement,Opt-Out or Opt-In -- 3. Uniform Substantive Law Replaces National Substantive Law -- 3.1. International co-operation in the field of contract law -- 3.2. The OHADA co-operation in the field of contract law -- 3.3. European co-operation in the field of private law -- 3.4. Nordic co-operation in the field of family law -- 3.5. Comparison : various stages and levels of success -- 4. Unifying and Harmonizing Substantive Law Competes with National Substantive Law :How to Solve the Issue of Concurrence/Coincidence -- 5. The Future European Substantive Law Instrument for Cross-border Relationships -- 5.1. The opt-out approach -- 5.2. The opt-in approach -- 5.2.1. Experiences of the past -- 5.2.2. Questions for the future -- 5.3. Weighing the interests of stakeholders -- 5.3.1. Enterprises and their legal advisers -- 5.3.2. Consumers -- 5.3.3. Judges and arbitrators.

5.3.4. Community institutions and Member States -- 5.4. The final decision -- 6. Harmonizing Substantive Law Instruments Which "Offer" Their Application -- 6.1. Contract Principles -- 6.2. Principles in the field of delict/tort and family relations -- 6.3. Do the different approaches matter ? -- 7. The Other Side of the Coin : How do Conflict of Law Rules Respond ? -- CHAPTER VIII THE APPLICATION OF LAW OTHER THAN NATIONAL SUBSTANTIVE LAW -- 1. Conflict of Law Rules Determine the Scope of Application of Uniform Substantive Law -- 2. Conflict of Law Rules Determine Whethera Law Other than National Law May Be Applied -- 3. Application of Non-national Substantive Law in Case of Litigation -- 3.1. Displacement of mandatory rules by the parties ? -- 3.1.1. The progressive approach of the Inter-American Convention on the Law Applicable to International Contracts -- 3.1.2. The indistinct approach of the Rome I Regulation -- 3.1.3. The silence of the Rome II Regulation -- 3.1.4. Future European regulations in cross-border family matters -- 3.1.4.1. Divorce -- 3.1.4.2. Maintenance obligations -- 3.1.4.3. Property relations between spouses -- 3.1.4.4. Succession -- 3.2. The traditional approach is still dominating :choice of non-national law cannot supersede mandatory rules of the otherwise applicable law -- 4. Application of Non-National Substantive Law in Case of Arbitration -- 5. Application of Non-national Substantive Law in Case of Mediation in Family Matters -- 6. Limited Freedom to Determine the Applicable Law -- CHAPTER IX FINAL OBSERVATIONS : DENATIONALIZATION OF PRIVATE LAW -- 1. The Sufferings of Conflict of Law Rules -- 2. Private Law-making and Its Legitimation -- 3. Co-operation : Does the One Need the Other ? -- 3.1. Unifying substantive law and conflict of laws -- 3.2. Conflict of laws and unifying substantive law.

3.3. Harmonizing substantive law and conflict of laws -- 3.4. Conflict of laws and harmonizing substantive law -- 4. Limited Acceptance of Non-national Law as the lex causae -- 5. There Is a World Beyond National Law -- 6. Towards a New Approach in Conflict of Laws as Regards Contracts -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- ABOUT THE AUTHOR -- BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE -- PRINCIPAL PUBLICATIONS.