Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Introduction -- 1: Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells -- Introduction -- Development of Gestational Stem Cells -- Isolation and Characterization of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells -- Multipotency of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells -- Hematopoietic -- Adipocytes -- Osteocytes -- Myocytes -- Endothelial Cells -- Hepatocytes -- Chondrocytes -- Neuronal Cells -- Clinical Application of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells -- Bone Regeneration -- Myocardial Infarction -- Renal Disease -- Neural Regeneration -- Lung Regeneration -- Blood and Immune System Regeneration -- Conclusion -- References -- 2: Cord Blood Transplants: Perinatal Stem Cells in Clinical Practice -- Introduction -- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants: Adult Donor Collection -- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants: HLA Matching -- Collection and Processing of Cord Blood Units -- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants: Recipient Issues -- Bone Marrow versus Single Cord Blood: Pediatric -- Bone Marrow versus Cord Blood: Adults -- Cord Blood Transplant: Advantages and Disadvantages -- Double Cord Blood Transplants: Ablative Regimens -- Double Cord Blood Transplant: Non-Myeloablative Regimens -- Are Two Cords Better Than One? -- Chimerism -- Predicting the Winner -- Other Experimental Strategies -- Summary -- References -- 3: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Development in the Placenta -- Introduction -- The Hematopoietic System -- Historical Perspective on Placental Hematopoiesis -- The Development and Structure of the Mouse Placenta -- Hematopoietic Activity in the Mouse Placenta -- Identification of Placental HSCs -- The Origin and Localization of Placental HSCs -- Hematopoietic Activity in the Human Placenta -- Hematopoietic Microenvironment in the Placenta -- Conclusions and Perspectives -- References.

4: Perinatal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Banking for Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine -- Introduction -- Hematopoiesis -- Hematopoietic Transplantations -- Umbilical Cord: Source of Perinatal HSCs and MSCs -- Hematopoietic Transplantations of Umbilical Cord Blood -- Strategies to Overcome the Transplant-Related Limitations of Umbilical Cord Blood -- Umbilical Cord Tissue MSC Banking -- References -- 5: Making Organ and Stem Cell Transplantation Safer: The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells -- Introduction -- MSC to Prevent Rejection After Solid Organ Transplantation -- MSC in the Treatment of Graft-versus-Host Disease -- MSC to Support Hematopoietic Recovery of Stem Cells After Stem Cell Transplantation -- Disclaimer -- References -- 6: Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Immune Modulation: Regenerative Medicine Meets Tissue Repair -- Introduction -- Expression of Relevant Immunomodulatory Molecules In Vitro by MSCs -- Tolerance Induction by MSCs: Rediscovering the Embryo Immune Evasion Mechanisms -- Immune Modulation in Vivo: Contrasting Data on the Immune Privilege of MSCs -- WJ-MSC in In Vivo Models: Enhancing the Immunomodulatory Features of Adult MSC Populations -- Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- Disclaimer -- References -- 7: ImmunOgenicity versus Immunomodulation of Perinatal Stem Cells -- Introduction -- Mechanisms of Immunomodulation by Umbilical Cord- and Bone Marrow-Derived MSCs -- Innate Immune System -- Adaptive Immune System -- Natural Tolerance and Umbilical Cord Tissues -- Tolerance versus Immunogenicity: The Yin and Yang of Host Responses to Umbilical Cord-Derived Cells -- Conclusions -- References -- 8: The Translational Potential of Perinatal Stem Cells in Clinical Medicine: Mesenchymal Stem Cells -- Introduction -- Graft-versus-Host Disease -- Acute GVHD -- Chronic GVHD.

GVHD Prevention -- Hematopoetic Recovery and HCT Engraftment -- Hematopoietic Recovery -- HCT Engraftment -- MSC Potential Uses -- References -- 9: Newborn Stem Cells: Identity, Function, and Clinical Potential -- Introduction -- The Newborn Offers an Enormous Opportunity for Stem Cells -- Amnion -- Isolation and Phenotypic Characterization of Amnion Cells -- Therapeutic Potential of Amnion Membrane -- Mechanisms of AEC-Enhanced Wound Repair -- Therapeutic Potential of Amnion as Single Cells -- Amnion Immunogenicity and Immunosuppressive Properties -- Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells -- Amnion MSCs in Therapy -- Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells -- UC-MSCs in Therapy -- Chorion MSCs -- Chorion MSCs in Therapy -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 10: Biomedical Potential of Human Perinatal Stem Cells -- Role of Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine -- Perinatal Stem Cell Sources -- Amniotic Fluid -- Umbilical Cord Blood -- Placental Tissue -- Amniotic Membrane -- Umbilical Cord Tissue -- Properties of Perinatal Mesenchymal Stem Cells -- Properties of Perinatal Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- Biomedical Applications of Human Perinatal Stem Cells -- Cell Therapy -- Tissue Engineering -- Cryobanking of Extraembryonic Perinatal Stem Cells -- Perspectives and Obstacles -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 11: Progenitor Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury -- Introduction -- Cellular Therapy for the Treatment of TBI -- Neural Stem Progenitor Cells -- Human Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells -- Mesenchymal Stem Cells -- Umbilical Cord Blood -- Wharton's Jelly -- Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells -- The Inflammatory Reflex -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Disclaimer -- References -- 12: The Human Amniotic Membrane: A Tissue with Multifaceted Properties and Different Potential Clinical Applications -- Introduction.

Structure and Histology of the Human Amniotic Membrane -- Preparation, Preservation, and Sterilization of the Human Amniotic Membrane -- Biological and Structural Properties of the Human Amniotic Membrane Generally Invoked to Explain Its Effects In Vivo -- Biological Properties -- Structural Properties -- Established Clinical Applications of the Human Amniotic Membrane -- Ophthalmic Surgery -- Other Surgical Applications -- Prospective Applications of the Human Amniotic Membrane: Lessons from Preclinical Studies -- Liver Fibrosis -- Cardiac Ischemia -- Cartilage and Bone Regeneration/Repair -- Nerve Injury Regeneration/Repair -- Human Amniotic Membrane as a Drug Carrier -- Conclusions and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13: Advances and Possible Applications of Human Amnion for the Management of Liver Disease -- Introduction -- Human Amnion for the Management of Liver Fibrosis -- Amnion-Derived Hepatocytes and Their Possible Applications -- Derivation of Hepatocytes from Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells -- Evidence of In Vivo Engraftment and Differentiation -- First Evidences of Metabolic Defect's Correction -- Conclusions -- References -- 14: Amnion-Derived Cells for Stroke Restorative Therapy -- Introduction -- Stem Cell Therapy: Beyond Stroke Neuroprotection -- Therapeutic Potential of Adult Stem Cells -- The Biology of Amnion-Derived Cells -- Amnion-Derived Cells for Cell Therapy -- Amnion-Derived Cells and Neurological Disorders -- Amnion-Derived Cells for Stroke Therapy -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 15: Pregnancy-Acquired Fetal Progenitors as Natural Cell Therapy -- Introduction -- Fetal Cell Microchimerism, a Widespread Phenomenon -- The Kinetics of Fetal Cell Detection -- Factors Modifying the Level of Microchimerism -- Detecting FMC -- Homing and Plasticity of FMC -- Hematopoietic Capacity of FMC.

Epithelial, Neuronal and Hepatic Capacity of FMC -- Mesenchymal Capacity of FMC -- FMC INCLUDES Functional Endothelial Progenitor Cells that Contribute to Tissue Repair -- FMC Likely Includes Cells of Placental Origin -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Industry Review -- 16: Perinatal Stem Cells: An Industry Perspective -- Introduction -- The Public Cord Blood Banking Industry -- The Private Banking Industry -- Research and Cord Blood Clinical Trials -- The Mesenchymal Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Industry -- Wharton's Jelly/Cord Tissue -- Placental Stem Cells and Placental Tissue -- Amniotic Fluid -- Conclusion -- Disclosure -- References -- 17: Patent Protection of Stem Cell Innovations -- The Role of Patents in Commercialization -- Background of the Patent System -- Patentable Subject Matter -- Statutory Requirements for a Patent -- Utility -- Novelty -- Nonobviousness -- Written Description/Enablement/Best Mode -- Written Description -- Enablement -- Best Mode -- Important Future Changes -- 18: Interview with Frances Verter, Founder of Parent's Guide to Cord Blood Foundation -- References -- 19: Umbilical Cord Blood Banking: An Obstetrician's Perspective -- References -- Index.