Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- Preface -- Contributors -- 1: Fundamentals of Surface Adhesion, Friction, and Lubrication -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Basic Concepts -- 1.2.1 Intermolecular and Surface Forces -- 1.2.2 Surface Energy -- 1.3 Adhesion and Contact Mechanics -- 1.3.1 Hertz Model -- 1.3.2 Johnson-Kendall-Roberts Model -- 1.3.3 Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov Model -- 1.3.4 Maugis Model -- 1.3.5 Indentation -- 1.3.6 Effect of Environmental Conditions on Adhesion -- 1.3.7 Adhesion of Rough Surfaces -- 1.3.8 Adhesion Hysteresis -- 1.4 Friction -- 1.4.1 Amontons' Laws of Friction -- 1.4.2 The Basic Models of Friction -- 1.4.3 Stick-Slip Friction -- 1.4.4 Directionality of Friction -- 1.5 Rolling Friction -- 1.6 Lubrication -- 1.7 Wear -- 1.8 Real Contact Area -- 1.9 Modern Tools in Tribology -- 1.9.1 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy -- 1.9.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy -- 1.9.3 Infrared Spectroscopy -- 1.9.4 Optical Tweezers or Optical Trapping -- 1.9.5 Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) -- 1.9.6 Surface Forces Apparatus (SFA) -- 1.10 Computer Simulations in Tribology -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 2: Adhesion and Tribological Characteristics of Ion-Containing Polymer Brushes Prepared by Controlled Radical Polymerization -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Controlled Synthesis of Ion-Containing Polymer Brushes -- 2.3 Wettability of Polyelectrolyte Brushes -- 2.4 Adhesion and Detachment between Polyelectrolyte Brushes -- 2.5 Water Lubrication and Frictional Properties of Polyelectrolyte Brushes -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 3: Lubrication and Wear Protection of Natural (Bio)Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 What Makes Biolubrication Unique? -- 3.1.2 Theory of Friction -- 3.2 Boundary Lubrication -- 3.2.1 Dry/Contact Lubrication -- 3.2.2 Thin Film Boundary Lubrication -- 3.2.3 Hydration Layers.

3.2.4 Intermediate Boundary Lubrication -- 3.2.5 Thick Film Boundary Lubrication -- 3.2.6 Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Interfacial Layer -- 3.3 Fluid Film Lubrication -- 3.3.1 Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication in Biological Systems -- 3.3.2 Weeping Lubrication -- 3.4 Multimodal Lubrication -- 3.4.1 Mixed Lubrication and the "Stribeck Curve" -- 3.4.2 Adaptive Lubrication -- 3.4.3 Mechanically Controlled Adaptive Lubrication -- 3.5 Wear -- 3.5.1 How Are Friction and Wear Related? -- 3.5.2 Characterization, Measurement, and Evaluation of Wear -- 3.5.3 Biological Strategies for Controlling Wear -- 3.5.4 Wear of Soft, Compliant Biological Materials -- 3.5.5 Controlling Wear in Hard Biological Materials: Self-Sharpening Mechanism in Rodent Teeth -- 3.6 Biomimetic and Engineering Approaches of Biolubrication -- 3.6.1 Hydrogel Coatings as Artificial Cartilage Materials -- 3.6.2 Mimicking Synovial Fluid Lubricating Properties: Polyelectrolytes Lubrication -- 3.6.3 Superlubrication by Aggrecan Mimics: End-Grafted Polymers and the Brush Paradigm -- 3.6.4 Perspectives and Future Research Avenues -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 4: Polymer Brushes and Surface Forces -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Some Generic Properties of Polymer Brushes -- 4.3 Sliding of High-Tg Polymer Brushes: The Semidilute to Vitrified Transition -- 4.4 Sliding Mechanism and Relaxation of Sheared Brushes -- 4.5 Compression, Shear, and Relaxation of Melt Brushes -- 4.6 Shear Swelling of Polymer Brushes -- 4.7 Telechelic Brushes -- 4.8 Polyelectrolyte Brushes in Aqueous Media -- 4.8.1 Charged Brushes: The Symmetric Case -- 4.8.2 Charged Brushes: The Asymmetric Case -- 4.9 Zwitterionic Polymer Brushes -- 4.10 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Appendix: Self-Regulation and Velocity Dependence of Brush-Brush Friction -- References -- 5: Adhesion, Wetting, and Superhydrophobicity of Polymeric Surfaces.

5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Adhesion between Polymeric Surfaces -- 5.2.1 Van der Waals Forces -- 5.2.2 Capillary Forces -- 5.2.3 Electrostatic Double-Layer Forces -- 5.2.4 Solvation Forces -- 5.2.5 Mechanical Contact Force -- 5.3 Wetting of Polymers -- 5.3.1 Definition of Contact Angle: Young's Equation -- 5.3.2 Rough Surfaces: Wenzel's Model -- 5.3.3 Heterogeneous Surfaces: Cassie-Baxter Model -- 5.4 Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials -- 5.4.1 Replication of Natural Surfaces -- 5.4.2 Molding or Template-Assisted Techniques -- 5.4.3 Roughening by Introduction of Nanoparticles -- 5.4.4 Surface Modification by Low Surface Energy Materials -- 5.4.5 Electrospinning -- 5.4.6 Solution Method -- 5.4.7 Plasma, Electron, and Laser Treatment -- 5.5 Surface Characterization -- 5.5.1 Surface Chemistry -- 5.5.2 Wetting Property -- 5.5.3 Microscopy Techniques -- 5.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6: Marine Bioadhesion on Polymer Surfaces and Strategies for Its Prevention -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Protein Adsorption on Solid Surfaces -- 6.2.1 Protein-Repellant Surfaces -- 6.3 Polymer Coatings Resistant to Marine Biofouling -- 6.3.1 Hydrophobic Marine Fouling-Release Coatings: The Role of Surface Energy and Modulus -- 6.3.2 Hydrophilic Coatings -- 6.3.3 Amphiphilic Coatings -- 6.3.4 Self-Polishing Coatings -- 6.3.5 Coatings with Topographically Patterned Surfaces -- 6.3.6 Antifouling Surfaces with Surface-Immobilized Enzymes and Bioactive Fouling-Deterrent Molecules -- 6.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7: Molecular Engineering of Peptides for Cellular Adhesion Control -- 7.1 Introduction: Cells, Biomacromolecules, and Lipidated Peptides -- 7.2 Biomaterials -- 7.3 Chemistry Tools -- 7.3.1 Bioconjugate Chemistry -- 7.3.2 Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis.

7.4 Self-Assembly of Lipidated Peptides: Peptide Amphiphiles Engineering -- 7.4.1 Double-Tailed Peptide Amphiphile -- 7.4.2 Single-Tailed (Monoalkylated) Peptide Amphiphiles -- 7.5 Biomimetic Peptide Amphiphile Surface Engineering Case Studies -- 7.5.1 Melanoma Cell Adhesion on a Lipid Bilayer Incorporating RGD -- 7.5.2 Adhesion of α5β1 Receptors to Biomimetic Substrates -- 7.5.3 Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Adhesion -- 7.5.4 Cell Adhesion on a Polymerized Monolayer -- 7.5.5 Cell Adhesion and Growth on Patterned Lipid Bilayers -- 7.5.6 Cell Adhesion on Metallic Surfaces -- 7.5.7 Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Adhesion -- 7.5.8 Nanofibrous Peptide Amphiphile Gels for Endothelial Cell Adhesion -- 7.6 Neural Stem Cells on Surfaces: A Deeper Look at Cell Adhesion Control -- 7.6.1 The Stem Cell Microenvironment -- 7.6.2 Neural Stem Cells on Lipid Bilayers -- 7.6.3 Vesicle Fusion and Bilayer Characterization -- 7.6.4 Initial NSC Adhesion on Peptide Surfaces -- 7.6.5 NSC Proliferation on Peptide Surfaces -- 7.6.6 NSC Differentiation on Peptide Surfaces -- 7.7 Overview of Molecular Engineering Designs for Cellular Adhesion -- 7.7.1 Self-Assembled Peptide Surfaces -- 7.7.2 Cell Adhesion Molecule RGD Surface Density Control: An Example -- 7.7.3 Cell Adhesion Molecule Accessibility (Exposure) Control -- 7.8 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8: A Microcosm of Wet Adhesion: Dissecting Protein Interactions in Mussel Attachment Plaques -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Mussel Adhesion -- 8.2.1 Marine Surfaces -- 8.2.2 Byssal Attachment -- 8.2.3 Direct Observation of Plaque Attachment -- 8.3 Surface Forces Apparatus -- 8.3.1 Making the SFA Relevant to Biological Environments -- 8.4 Assessing Protein Contributions by SFA -- 8.4.1 Asymmetric/Symmetric Configurations -- 8.4.2 Protein-Surface Interactions -- 8.4.3 Protein-Protein Interactions.

8.5 Conclusions -- 8.5.1 Insights about Protein Interactions -- 8.5.2 Effects of DOPA Reactivity on Adhesion -- 8.5.3 Mussel Foot Controls the Microenvironment around DOPA -- 8.5.4 Other Factors Influencing Adhesion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9: Gecko-Inspired Polymer Adhesives -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 A Note on Terminology -- 9.2 Biological Inspirations -- 9.2.1 Key Discoveries in Gecko Adhesion -- 9.2.2 Structured Adhesion in Other Animals -- 9.2.3 Summary of Observed Principles of Micro-Structured Adhesives -- 9.3 Mechanical Principles of Structured Adhesive Surfaces -- 9.3.1 Adhesion -- 9.3.2 Friction -- 9.4 Gecko-Inspired Adhesives and Their Fabrication -- 9.4.1 Macro- and Microscale Fibers -- 9.4.2 Nanoscale Fibers -- 9.4.3 Hierarchical Fibers -- 9.5 Applications of Bioinspired Adhesives -- 9.5.1 Robotics -- 9.5.2 Safety and Medical Devices -- 9.6 Future Directions: Unsolved Challenges and Possible Applications -- References -- 10: Adhesion and Friction Mechanisms of Polymer Surfaces and Thin Films -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Adhesion and Contact Mechanics -- 10.2.1 Surface Energies -- 10.2.2 Advances in Contact and Adhesion Mechanics -- 10.3 Adhesion of Glassy Polymers and Elastomers -- 10.3.1 Adhesion Interface: Chain Pull-Out -- 10.3.2 Glassy Polymers: Transition from Chain Pull-Out, Chain Scission to Crazing -- 10.3.3 Adhesion Promoters for Polymer Systems -- 10.4 Experimental Advances in Adhesion and Friction between Polymer Surfaces and Thin Films -- 10.5 Adhesion and Fracture Mechanism of Polymer Thin Films: from Liquid to Solid-Like Behaviors -- 10.6 Adhesion and Friction between Rough Polymer Surfaces -- 10.7 Friction between Immiscible Polymer Melts -- 10.8 Hydrophobic Interactions between Polymer Surfaces -- 10.9 Perspectives and Future Research Avenues -- Acknowledgment -- References.

11: Recent Advances in Rubber Friction in the Context of Tire Traction.