Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- About the Companion Website -- Volume I -- Section I: Basic Vision Sciences -- Chapter 1: Ocular Embryology and Congenital Malformations -- Gastrulation and Neurulation -- Formation of the Optic Vesicle and Optic Cup -- Lens Formation -- Vascular Development -- Development of the Cornea and Anterior Chamber -- Development of the Iris, Ciliary Body, and Iridocorneal Angle -- Retina and Optic Nerve Development -- Sclera, Choroid, and Tapetum -- Vitreous -- Optic Nerve -- Eyelids -- Extraocular Muscles -- Developmental Ocular Anomalies -- Cyclopia and Synophthalmia -- Microphthalmia and Anophthalmia -- Colobomatous Malformations -- Dermoid -- Anterior Segment Dysgenesis -- Uveal Cysts -- Congenital Ocular Anomalies in Horses -- Congenital Cataracts -- Congenital Glaucoma -- Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous/Persistent Tunica Vasculosa Lentis (PHPV/PTVL) -- Retinal Dysplasia -- Optic Nerve Hypoplasia -- Eyelid Coloboma -- References -- Chapter 2: Ophthalmic Anatomy -- Adnexa: Protective Apparatus -- Orbit -- Upper and Lower Eyelids -- Conjuntiva -- The Third Eyelid: Nictitating Membrane -- Lacrimal and Nasolacrimal System -- Globe -- Components -- Size, Shape, and Topography -- Cornea -- Anterior Epithelium -- Stroma -- Descemet's Membrane -- Corneal Endothelium -- Repair and Aging -- Sclera -- The Uvea -- Iris -- Ciliary Body -- Ciliary Process -- Ciliary Body Vasculature -- Ciliary Body Musculature -- Iridocorneal Angle -- Aging -- Innervation -- Choroid -- Aging -- Lens -- Lens Capsule -- Anterior Epithelium -- Lens Fibers -- Aging -- Zonular Attachment -- Vitreous -- Retina -- Retinal Pigment Epithelium -- Neurosensory Retina (Neuroretina) -- Retinal Vasculature -- Aging -- Optic Nerve -- Vasculature of the Eye and Orbit -- References.

Chapter 3: Physiology of the Eye -- Anterior Eye Structures -- Eyelids -- Tear Production and Drainage -- Cornea -- Metabolism -- Sensitivity -- Drug Transport through the Cornea, Limbus, Bulbar Conjunctiva, and Sclera -- Iris and Pupil -- Nutrition of Intraocular Tissues -- Ocular Circulation -- Ocular Blood Flow -- Anterior Uveal Blood Flow -- Choroidal Blood Flow -- Retinal Blood Flow -- Blood Flow of the Optic Nerve Head -- Ocular Barriers -- Blood-Aqueous Barrier -- Blood-Retinal Barrier -- Aqueous Humor and Intraocular Pressure -- Aqueous Humor Formation -- Aqueous Humor Outflow -- Methods to Measure Aqueous Dynamics -- Ocular Rigidity -- Intraocular Pressure -- Lens -- The Vitreous -- Vitreal Structure and Aging -- Vitreous Functions -- Ocular Mobility -- References -- Chapter 4: Optics and Physiology of Vision -- Introduction -- Visual Optics -- Physical Optics -- Transmission and Reflection -- Geometric Optics -- Visual Optics -- Abnormal Refractive States and Optical Errors -- Visual Processing: From Photoreceptors to Cortex -- The Retina -- Retinal Synapses and Neurotransmitters -- From Retina to Visual Cortex -- Visual Cortex -- Visual Perception -- Light and Dark Adaptation -- Flicker Detection -- Motion Perception -- Binocular Vision and Depth Perception -- Color Vision -- Visual Acuity -- References -- Section II: Foundations of Clinical Ophthalmology -- Chapter 5: Ocular Immunology -- Architecture of an Immune Response -- What the Immune System Sees -- Compartments of the Immune Response -- Ocular Immune Responses -- Ocular Surface Innate Immunology -- Anterior Chamber Associated Immune Deviation -- Immune Responses in Clinical Ocular Disease -- Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca -- Corneal Transplantation -- Bacterial Keratitis -- Immune Keratitis/Nonulcerative Keratopathies -- Lens -- Uveitis -- Experimental Auto Immune Uveitis.

Equine Recurrent Uveitis -- Canine and Feline Uveitis -- Retina -- References -- Chapter 6: Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology -- Ocular Virology -- Introduction -- Diagnostic Methods -- Pathogenic Feline Viruses -- Pathogenic Canine Viruses -- Pathogenic Equine Viruses -- Pathogenic Production Animal Viruses -- Pathogenic Avian and Exotic Animal Viruses -- Ocular Bacteriology -- Introduction -- Diagnostic Methods -- Commensal Ocular Surface Flora -- Pathogenic Gram-Positive Aerobic Bacteria -- Pathogenic Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria -- Pathogenic Obligate Intracellular Bacteria -- Pathogenic Anaerobic Bacteria -- Ocular Fungal and Algal Diseases -- Introduction -- General Pathogenic Mechanisms and Host Responses -- Diagnostic Methods -- Pathogenic Fungi -- Ocular Protozoal Diseases -- Introduction -- Diagnostic Methods -- Pathogenic Protozoa -- Ocular Parasitic Diseases -- Introduction -- Diagnostic Methods -- Parasitic Mites -- Parasitic Nematodes -- Parasitic Dipteric Larvae -- Tapeworm Disease -- References -- Chapter 7: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics -- Part 1: Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics -- Barriers to Ocular Drug Delivery -- Corneal Membrane Barriers -- Conjunctiva and Sclera Membrane Barriers -- Blood-Ocular Barriers -- Efflux Transporters -- Topical Administration -- Ophthalmic Solutions and Suspensions -- Drug Disposition after Eye Drop Application -- Inside the Globe -- Drug Delivery Kinetics and Ocular Bioavailability -- Improvement of Ocular Bioavailability -- Periocular Administration -- Subconjunctival Injection -- Sub-Tenon's Injection -- Retrobulbar and Peribulbar Injections -- Intraocular Administration -- Intracameral Injection -- Intravitreal Injection -- Sustained Drug Delivery to Intraocular Tissues -- Intraocular Implants -- Intraocular Colloidal Systems -- Systemic Administration.

Other Methods of Ocular Drug Delivery -- Iontophoresis -- Microneedles -- Ultrasound-based Ocular Drug Delivery System -- Photodynamic Therapy -- References -- Part 2: Antibacterial Agents, Antifungal Agents, and Antiviral Agents -- General Principles of Therapy -- Drugs That Inhibit Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis -- Penicillins -- Cephalosporins -- Bacitracin -- Vancomycin -- Drugs That Disrupt the Bacterial Cell Membrane -- Polymyxin B -- Gramicidin -- Drugs That Affect Bacterial Protein Synthesis -- Aminoglycosides -- Tetracyclines -- Macrolides and Lincosamides -- Chloramphenicol -- Drugs That Alter Bacterial Folate Metabolism -- Side Effects -- Contraindications -- Drugs That Affect Bacterial DNA Synthesis -- First-Generation Fluoroquinolones -- Second-Generation Fluoroquinolones -- Third-Generation Fluoroquinolones -- Fourth-Generation Fluoroquinolones -- Side Effects -- General Principles of Therapy (Antifungal Agents) -- Polyenes -- Amphotericin B -- Natamycin -- Nystatin -- Pyrimidines -- Azoles -- Imidazoles -- Triazoles -- Echinocandins -- General Principles (Antiviral Agents) -- Specific Antiviral Agents -- Pyrimidine (Thymidine) Analogues -- Pyrimidine (Cytosine) Analogue -- Purine Nucleoside Analogues -- Interferons -- L-Lysine -- References -- Part 3: Anti-Inflammatory and Immunosuppressant Drugs -- Ocular Inflammation -- Anti-Inflammatory Agents -- Corticosteroids -- Ophthalmic Corticosteroids -- Side Effects of Ophthalmic Corticosteroids -- NSAIDs -- Immunosupressant Drugs -- References -- Part 4: Mydriatics/Cycloplegics, Anesthetics, and Tear Substitutes and Stimulators -- Mydriatics/Cycloplegics -- Cholinergic Antagonists -- Sympathomimetics -- Local Anesthetics -- Topical -- Intracameral -- Regional Injection -- Intravenous -- Tear Substitutes and Stimulators -- Tear Substitutes -- Tear Stimulators -- References.

Chapter 8: Veterinary Ophthalmic Pathology -- Introduction and Principles -- Fixation and Processing of Ocular Tissues -- Fundamental Pathology -- Ocular Inflammation -- Repair of Ocular Tissues -- Sequelae and Complications of Ocular Inflammation -- Pathology of Congenital Disorders -- Defective Organogenesis -- Defective Tissue Differentiation -- Inherited Developmental Disorders -- Acquired Ocular Disorders -- Noninfectious Inflammatory Ocular Disease -- Ocular Degenerative Diseases -- Metabolic Diseases That Affect the Eye -- Infectious Ocular Diseases -- Ocular Neoplasia -- References -- Chapter 9: Ophthalmic Genetics and DNA Testing -- The Canine Genome -- Other Genomes -- The Structure of Genes -- Alternative Splicing of Genes -- Genetic Traits -- What DNA Changes Result in Hereditary Disease? -- Disease Caused by Changes in Coding Regions of DNA -- Disease Caused by Changes in Noncoding Regions of DNA -- Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay -- Modes of Inheritance -- Complex Traits -- Quantitative Trait Loci -- Pharmacogenetics -- The Process of Identification of Disease-Causing Mutations -- Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) -- Tests for Genetic Disease -- Sample Collection -- Mutation Detection Tests -- Linked-Marker Test -- Breeding from Carriers for Recessive Disease -- The Future -- Next-Generation Sequencing -- Whole Genome Sequencing -- Exome Sequencing -- References -- Chapter 10: Ophthalmic Examination and Diagnostics -- Part 1: The Eye Examination and Diagnostic Procedures -- Part I: Ophthalmic Examination -- History -- General Ocular Examination -- Restraint -- Ophthalmic Examination in Ambient Lighting -- Close Examination of Adnexa and Globe -- Intraocular Pressure Measurement and Pupil Dilation -- Anterior Segment Examination after Pupil Dilation: Lens Examination -- Posterior Segment Examination.

Part II: Ophthalmic Diagnostic Procedures.