Acknowledgements -- List of figures -- List of tables -- 1 Preliminaries -- 1.1 Salience and linguistic variation -- 1.1.1 Lexical reference and social indexation -- 1.1.2 Concepts and notations -- 1.1.3 Salience as low probability -- 1.2 Structure of the book -- 1.2.1 Methodology -- 1.2.2 Chapter structure -- 1.2.3 The case studies -- 1.3 Concluding remarks -- 2 Defining Salience -- 2.1 Salience as a general term -- 2.1.1 Salience in sociolinguistics -- 2.1.2 Salience in visual cognition -- 2.1.3 Selective attention in hearing -- 2.2 Operationalising sociolinguistic salience -- 2.2.1 Preliminaries -- 2.2.2 Defining salience -- 2.2.3 Exemplars and transitional probabilities -- 2.3 Concluding remarks -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Cognitive salience: main assumptions and considerations -- 3.2 Cognitive salience: further assumptions -- 3.3 Step-by-step corpus editing -- 3.4 Calculating transitional probabilities -- 4 Definite Article Reduction -- 4.1 Background -- 4.1.1 Details of the process -- 4.1.2 DAR as a salient variable -- 4.2 Analysis -- 4.2.1 Methods -- 4.2.2 Salience from token frequency -- 4.2.3 Salience from transitional probability -- 4.2.4 Further arguments for phonotactic distinctiveness -- 4.3 Concluding remarks -- 5 Glottalisation in the South of England -- 5.1 Background -- 5.1.1 Two recent studies -- 5.1.2 Salience and glottalisation -- 5.2 Analysis -- 5.2.1 Methods -- 5.2.2 The London-Lund Corpus -- 5.2.3 The Spoken Corpus of Adolescent London English -- 5.2.4 Modelling results -- 5.3 Concluding remarks -- 6 Hiatus resolution in Hungarian -- 6.1 Background -- 6.1.1 The perception of hiatus resolution: Methods -- 6.1.2 The perception of hiatus resolution: Results -- 6.1.3 Hiatus resolution and naïve linguistic awareness -- 6.2 Analysis -- 6.2.1 Corpus results -- 6.2.2 Main points -- 6.3 Concluding remarks.

7 Derhoticisation in Glasgow -- 7.1 Background -- 7.1.1 Social stratification and social awareness -- 7.1.2 Derhoticisation in Glasgow -- 7.1.3 /r/ in Glasgow -- 7.1.4 Studies on coda /r/ -- 7.1.5 Interim Summary -- 7.2 Analysis -- 7.2.1 The FRED study -- 7.2.2 Transitional probabilities in coda /r/ realisation -- 7.3 Concluding remarks -- 7.4 The operationalisation and relevance of salience -- 8 Salience and models of the lexicon -- 8.1 The relevance of salience -- 8.2 The duality of patterning -- 8.3 Modelling, phonetic variation and indexation -- 8.4 Summary -- 9 Salience and language change -- 9.1 Speaker indexation in sound change -- 9.1.1 Approaches to speaker indexation -- 9.1.2 Simulations on the role of indexation -- 9.2 Salience in the propagation of a change -- 9.2.1 Glottalisation in England -- 9.2.2 Derhoticisation in Scotland -- 9.3 Concluding remarks -- 10 Conclusions -- 10.1 The source of salience -- 10.1.1 From cognitive properties to language use -- 10.1.2 Consequences for phonological modelling -- 10.2 The predictability of salience -- 10.2.1 Types of phonological change -- 10.2.2 Consonants and vowels -- 10.2.3 Overview -- 10.3 Concluding remarks -- Bibliography -- Index.