The Chemistry Of Medical And Dental Materials -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Synthetic Materials in Medicine -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Surgical Uses of Biomaterials -- Orthopaedic Joint Replacement -- Tendons and Ligaments -- Cardiovascular Implants -- Ophthalmic Implants -- Dentistry -- Wound Dressings and Artificial Skin -- Facial Implants -- Breast Implants -- Ear Ossicles -- 3 Conclusions -- 4 References -- Chapter 2 Polymers -- 1 Polyethylene -- Calcium Stearate in UHMWPE -- Polyethylene for Orthopaedics -- Processing of UHMWPE for Use in Orthopaedics -- Sterilisation of UHMWPE -- Wear of UHMWPE -- Clinical and Biological Effects of War -- Crosslinked UHMWPE -- Hydroxypatite-filled Polyethylene -- 2 Acrylic Bone Cements -- Acrylic Bone cements Containing Other Monomers -- Reinforced Bone Cements -- 3 Degradable Polymers -- Reinforced Degradable Polymers -- 4 Polyurethanes -- 5 Hydrogels -- Hydrogels and Other Polymers in Ophthalmology -- Prosthetic Ligaments and Tendons -- 6 Silicone-based Implants -- 7 References -- Chapter 3 Ceramics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Ceramics in Medicine -- 3 Calcium Phosphates -- Chemistry -- Hydrolysis -- Reactions between TCCP and Other Calcium Phosphates -- Reactions of Mixtures with Ca:P <1.67 -- Reactions Forming OCP -- Reactions Forming DCPD -- Mechanical Properties of Calcium Phosphate Cements -- Calcium Phosphates in the Body -- Gypsum-containing Calcium Phosphates -- Gel-like and DCPD Cements -- CDHA and CA Cements -- HA Cements -- Apatite Chemistry -- Polymer-modified Calcium Phosphate Cements -- Summary of Calcium Phosphate Cements -- Calcium Phosphate Coatings -- Spraying Techniques -- Wet Techniques -- Sputter Techniques -- Biological Interactions of Calcium Phosphate Coatings -- 4 Porous Hydroxyapatite Implants -- 5 Dense Hydroxyapatite Implants -- Interaction of Dense Hydroxyapatite with the Body.

6 Bioactive Glasses -- The Chemistry of the Bone-Bioactive Glass Interaction -- Tissue Response to Bioactive Glasses -- Clinical Applications of Bioactive Glasses -- 7 Apatite/Wollastonite Glass-ceramics -- 8 Alumina -- 9 Zirconia -- 10 Pyrolytic Carbon -- 11 References -- Chapter 4 Metals -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Metal Ions in the Body -- 3 Cobalt-Chromium Alloys -- Biocompatibility of Cobalt-Chromium Alloys -- 4 Stainless Steel -- Biocompatibility of Stainless Steel -- 5 Titanium and its Alloys -- Surface Chemistry of Titanium and its Alloys -- Wear Behaviour of Titanium and its Alloys -- Surface Modification of Titanium and its Alloys -- Biocompatibility of Titanium and its Alloys -- Clinical Applications of Titanium and its Alloys -- Effect of Titanium Release in the Body -- Use of Titanium and its Alloys as Dental Prostheses -- Handling of Titanium-based Implant Devices -- 6 Precious Metals and their Alloys -- 7 Dental Amalgam -- Dental Amalgams and Health -- 8 References -- Chapter 5 Dental Materials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Composite Resins -- Curing of Composites -- Fillers -- Pigments -- Bonding of Composite Resins to the Tooth -- Clinical Performance of Composite Resins -- 3 Cements -- Basic Types and Uses -- Cements Based on Zinc Oxide -- Zinc Phosphate -- Zinc Oxide-Eugenol -- Zinc Polycarbonate -- 4 Glass-ionomers -- Ion-release from Glass-ionomers Cements -- Biocompatibility -- Clinical Performance -- Resin-modified Glass-ionomers -- Adhesion to Dentine and Enamel by Glass-ionomer Cements -- Metal-containing Glass-ionomers -- 5 Polyacid-modified Composite Resins -- 6 Aesthetic Dental Restoratives: General Considerations -- 7 Prosthetic Materials -- 8 Endodontic Materials -- 9 Orthodontic Materials -- 10 References -- Chapter 6 Biological Interactions with Materials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Biocompatibility -- 3 Toxicity -- 4 Cytotoxicity.

5 Hypersensitivity -- 6 Carcinogenicity -- 7 Interaction of Materials with Soft Tissues -- Inflammation -- Granulation Tissue Formation -- Foreign Body Reaction -- Fibrosis -- 8 Interaction with Blood -- Modification of Blood-Biomaterial Interactions by Heparin -- 9 Interactions with Proteins -- The Vroman Effect -- 10 Cell Adhesion -- Adhesion of Osteoblasts -- 11 Interactions with Hard Tissues -- Osseointegration -- Fibrous Capsule Formation -- 12 Safety Testing of Biomaterials -- 13 References -- Chapter 7 Tissue Engineering -- 1 Introduction -- Scope of Tissue Engineering -- 2 Tissue Engineering of Skin -- 3 Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage -- 4 Tissue Engineering of Bone -- 5 Bibliography -- 6 References -- Subject Index.