Contents -- Acknowledgements Joseph Seckbach -- Further Acknowledgments Richard Gordon -- List of Authors and Dialoguers and Their Addresses and E-mail Addresses -- Foreword Hillel (Harry) Furstenberg -- Biography -- Foreword -- 1. Darwinism - A Two-pronged Challenge to Religion -- 2. Blind Chance and Random Process -- 3. Design as Paradigm -- Biographies -- Preface 1. Where Did We Come From? Joseph Seckbach and Julian Chela-Flores -- Biographies -- Preface 1 -- Preface 2. To the Scientist Who Feels Above the Creationist Debate Richard Gordon -- Biography -- Preface 2 -- Dialogue: Juan G. Roederer -- Preface 3. Monotheism: The Basis for Unifying Abrahamic Religion and Science? Richard Gordon -- Preface 3 -- Dialogue: Jack A. Tuszynski -- Part 1. Background in Theology, Philosophy and Science -- 01. Scientists and Beliefs Christian de Duve -- Biography -- Chapter -- Dialogue: Charles H. Lineweaver -- 02. Evolution and Intelligent Design. Who Needs God? George V. Coyne -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Origins and Creation -- 3. A Brief History of Scientific Methodology -- 4. The Life Sciences -- 5. The Fallacies of Intelligent Design -- 6. Biological Evolution and Religion -- 7. The God of a Believing Scientist -- References -- Dialogue: Victor J. Stenger -- 03. The Enigma of Final Causality: Biological Causality in Aristotle and Neo-Darwinism Edward Oakes -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Enigma in Kant, Hume and Copernicus -- 3. Objective, Inexorable Causes vs. the "Accidents" of Biology -- 4. Idealism and Final Causality -- 5. Aristotle, Our Contemporary -- 6. Mental Air -- 7. Abstract -- References -- Dialogue: Lev V. Beloussov -- 04. Astrobiological Reflections on Faith and Reason: The Issues of Agnosticism, Relativism and Natural Selection Julian Chela-Flores -- Biography -- Chapter.

1. Is There a Crisis in the Dialogue Between Faith and Reason? -- 2. Has there been a Second Genesis in the Solar System? -- 3. On the Implications of Darwinism -- 4. Darwinism, Philosophy and Theology -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Glossary -- References -- Dialogue: Tom Barbalet -- 5. The God Detector: A Thought Experiment Bruce Damer -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. The Artificial Life Programmer, the New Alchemist? -- 2. Lost in the Noise of the Data Explosion -- 3. The God Detector -- 4. Finding the God Detector -- 5. God and the Copying Rule -- 6. Scope and Time Scales of the Copying Rule -- 7. How God the Intelligent Designer Engages the Copying Rule -- 8. The Monk and the Copying Rule -- 9. God the Intelligent Adapter -- 10. God, Life, the Universe and Everything -- 11. Afterthought Experiment: Building a God Detector -- 12. Giving Birth to God -- References -- Dialogue: Tom Barbalet -- References -- 06. Welcome to the Simulation Tom Barbalet -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Field of Reference -- 3. Simulation Metaphysics -- 4. Alive without Intelligence -- 5. Intelligence and the Game Hunter -- 6. Computational Power -- 7. New Science -- 8. Moving the Discussion Forward -- References -- 07. Darwinian Evolution: A Practical Tool in Industry Stephen P. McGrew -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background: Structure of a Genetic Algorithm -- 3. A Toy Example: Use a GA to Kill Wasps -- 4. Real Applications -- 5. Other Uses of Evolution in Industry -- 6. Evolution Works -- References -- Dialogue: Richard Gordon -- Part 2. Towards Harmony Between Science and Religion -- 08. Could Natural Selection be Purposive? Ernan McMullin -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Getting the Terminology Straight -- 3. Teleology, Purpose and Natural Selection -- 4. Creator of the Heavens and the Earth -- 5. Evolution and Purpose.

References -- Dialogue: Richard Gordon, Stephen P. McGrew -- 09. Neo-Darwinism and Random Variation, or Why It's Important to Read Darwin Carefully Oren Solomon Harman -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Darwinian Variation -- 3. Historical Perversions -- 4. Conclusion: Intelligent Design and Current Debates -- References -- 10. Increasingly Overlapping Magisteria of Science and Religion Charles H. Lineweaver -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Science and Religion: Separate Magisteria? -- 2. Divine Action and Gods of the Gaps -- 3. Biology-based Ethics? -- 4. The Origin of Life, High Expectations and Looking for a Purpose -- 5. Is the Purpose of Life The Production of Entropy? -- 6. Ancestors Become Food -- References -- Dialogue: Oren Harman -- 11. A Cabbalistic Interpretation of the Theory of Evolution based on the Teachings of Rabbi Kook: Natural Selection and Its Moral Implication Dov Berger -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Unity -- 3. Death and Immortality -- 4. "Everything Transcends" -- 5. Unity and Humanity's Place in Nature -- 6. Evil, Unity and Reality -- 7. Materialism -- 8. Humanity, Morals and the Struggle for Existence -- 9. Rabbi Kook's Interpretation of Natural Selection and Its Moral Implication -- 10. Epilogue -- 11. Acknowledgements -- References -- Dialogue: Jack A. Tuszynski, Richard Gordon -- 12. Over-Confident Anti-Creationists versus Over-Confident Creationists Richard Gordon -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Book #1: My Unwelcome Introduction to "Intelligent Design" (ID) -- 2. Book #2: A Breath of Fresh Air -- 3. Book #3: Over-Confident Anti-Creationists -- 3.1. Anti-Creationists Against Progressive Evolution -- 3.2. Anti-Creationist Cookbook Recipes for Making Organisms -- 3.3. Anti-Creationists Against Reductionism -- 3.4. Anti-Creationists Create "Self-Organizing" Systems.

3.5. Anti-Creationists are on the Verge of Creating Life? -- 4. Book #4: Christian Anti-Creationists -- 5. Conclusion -- 6. Acknowledgements -- References -- Dialogue: Tom Barbalet, Taner Edis -- Part 3. Is a Purely Scientific Approach to the Origin of Life in the Universe Sufficient? -- 13. French Views on the Origin of Life Combined with Theological Thoughts: From Louis Pasteur (1860) to Edmond Perrier (1920) Florence Raulin Cerceau -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The General Context in France Related to the Origin of Life, at the Time of the Debate over Spontaneous Generation -- 3. The Refutation of the doctrine of Heterogenesis: Towards the idea of a Primeval and Unique Genesis? -- 4. Other Views in the 1870s: Georges Pennetier (1836-1923) and Hyacinthe de Valroger (1814-1876) -- 5. Camille Flammarion (1842-1925) -- 6. Archeogenesis and Chemical Evolution: Edmond Perrier (1844-1921) -- 7. Conclusion -- 8. Acknowledgements -- References -- 14. The Nature of the Origin-of-Life Problem Peter R. Bahn -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. What is Science? -- 3. Faith in Science -- 4. What is Life? -- 5. A Runaway Chemical Reaction -- 6. Organic Chemistry -- 7. Biomonomers -- 8. Biopolymers -- 9. The RNA World -- 10. Protocells -- 11. A Very Brief History of Life on Earth -- 12. Panspermia -- 13. Astrobiology -- 14. Nature and Evolution -- 15. Summary -- 16. Acknowledgments -- References -- Dialogue: Taner Edis, Florence Raulin Cerceau -- 15. Did Life on Earth Begin Suddenly and in Complex Forms? Harun Yahya -- Biography -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Fact Revealed by the Fossil Record -- 3. "Stasis": Stability in the Fossil Record -- 4. The Cambrian Explosion: A Dazzling Variety of Life -- 5. What the Fossil Record Reveals: Evolution Never Happened -- 6. Darwin's Chopped Down Tree of Life.

7. No Ascent from the Simple to the Complex -- 8. The Hidden Facts -- 9. Conclusion -- References -- Dialogue: Taner Edis -- 16. The Origin and Creation of Life Oktar Babuna -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Complex Structure and Systems in the Cell -- 3. The Problem of the Origin of Proteins -- 4. Homochirality: The Problem of Left-Handed Proteins -- 5. The Indispensability of the Peptide Link -- 6. Zero Probability -- 7. Is There a Trial-and-Error Mechanism in Nature? -- 8. The Origin of the DNA Molecule -- 9. Miller's Experiment -- 10. Conclusion: The Fact of Creation -- References -- Dialogue: Taner Edis -- 17. Hoyle's Tornado Origin of Artificial Life: A Computer Programming Challenge Richard Gordon -- Biography -- Chapter -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Dialogue: Steve Grand, Pavel Bazant, Julian Chela-Flores -- Part 4. Scientific Views on Divine Action -- 18. The Laws of Evolution and Judaism: Lack of Communication Mordechai Halperin -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction* -- 2. The Emotional Problem -- 3. The Second Law of Thermodynamics -- 4. The Big Bang -- 5. How Was Man Created? -- 6. The Laws of Evolution -- 7. The Attitude of Halakhic Scholars to Controlled Experiments -- 8. The Origin of Species -- 9. In Conclusion -- References -- 19. Evangelicals Fighting Doubt, Not Darwin Frits Bienfait -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Evangelicals -- 3. "Methinks the gentleman protests too much" -- 4. Missionary Zeal -- 5. Gladness -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Dialogue: Taner Edis -- 20. Creationism: An Investigation into Its Psychological and Cultural Origins K. Tahir Shah -- Biography -- Chapter -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Metaphysical Perspective -- 3. A Few Relevant Concepts -- 3.1. Mental Constructs -- 3.2. Reality: The Actual and the Possible -- 3.3. Truth.

3.4. Existence and Proof of Existence.