Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Conventions -- List of Abbreviations -- List of Maps, Figures and Tables -- Chapter One Introduction -- 1.1 Aim of the Study -- 1.2 Background to Ryukyu -- 1.2.1 Historical Background and Present Situation of Okinawa Prefecture -- 1.2.2 Language Use in the Present Situation -- 1.3 A Brief Introduction to Luchuan and Luchuan Grammar -- 1.3.1 History and Variation -- 1.3.2 Sociolinguistic Features of Shuri -- 1.3.3 Linguistic Features -- 1.3.4 Verb Morphology -- 1.4 Data Collection -- 1.5 Evidentiality in General Linguistic Theory -- 1.5.1 What is Evidentiality? -- 1.5.2 Definitions of Evidentials -- 1.5.3 Epistemic Modality, Subjectivity and Objectivity -- 1.5.4 Classification of Evidentiality -- 1.6 Evidentiality in Luchuan -- 1.6.1 Overview of Studies on Evidentiality in Luchuan -- 1.6.2 Obligatoriness of Evidentials in Luchuan -- 1.7 Organisation of this Book -- 1.8 Summary -- Chapter Two The Direct Evidential -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Previous Studies of Evidentiality in Luchuan -- 2.1.2 Overview of Verb Morphology -- 2.1.3 Analysis of -n in the Literature -- 2.2 Concept of 'Best Possible Grounds' -- 2.2.1 The Shared Feature between -n in Luchuan and -mi in Quechua -- 2.2.2 The Differences between -n in Luchuan and -mi in Quechua: Verbs and Adjectives -- 2.2.3 Clarification of the Use of -n -- 2.3 Epistemic Modality and Evidentials -- 2.3.1 Speaker's Degree of Certainty -- 2.3.2 Direct Еvidentials in Negative and Interrogative Sentences -- 2.3.3 The Challengeability Test -- 2.4 Summary -- Chapter Three Inferential and Assumed Evidentials -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Indirect Evidentials in the Literature -- 3.3 The Inferential Evidential tee -- 3.3.1 What Kind of Evidence Licenses the Use of tee -- 3.3.2 Interaction with Aspect/Tense and the Direct Evidential -n.

3.3.3 Tee in Negative and Interrogative Sentences -- 3.3.4 Reasons for Classifying tee as an Evidential -- 3.4 The Assumed Evidential hazi -- 3.4.1 What Kind of Evidence Licenses the Use of hazi -- 3.4.2 Interaction with Aspect and Tense -- 3.4.3 Hazi in Negative and Interrogative Sentences -- 3.4.4 Assumed Evidential hazi and Inferential Evidential tee -- 3.5 Inferential and Assumed Evidentials and the Speaker's Degree of (Un)certainty -- 3.6 Summary -- Chapter Four The Reportative Evidential -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Reportative Evidential Ndi -- 4.2.1 Evidence Licensing the Use of Ndi -- 4.2.2 Interaction with Aspect/Tense and the Direct Evidential -n -- 4.2.3 Ndi in Negative and Interrogative Sentences -- 4.3 The Reportative Evidential and the Speaker's Degree of (Un)certainty -- 4.4 Summary -- Chapter Five Evidentiality as a Grammatical Category -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Double Marking of Evidentials -- 5.3 Epistemic Modality and Evidentials in Luchuan -- 5.3.1 Speaker's Degree of Certainty in Direct and Indirect Evidentials -- 5.3.2 Direct and Indirect Evidentials in Negative and InterrogativeSentences -- 5.3.3 -n is an Evidential not an Epistemic Modality Marker -- 5.4 Summary -- Chapter Six Conclusion -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Summary of the Arguments -- 6.2.1 Main Contributions to the Study of Evidentiality in Luchuan -- 6.2.2 Contributions to the Typological and Theoretical Study of Evidentiality -- 6.3 Evidentiality and Aspect -- 6.4 Mirativity -- 6.5 Next Steps -- References -- Index.