Doping in Conjugated Polymers.
Title:
Doping in Conjugated Polymers.
Author:
Kar, Pradip.
ISBN:
9781118816769
Personal Author:
Edition:
1st ed.
Physical Description:
1 online resource (176 pages)
Series:
Polymer Science and Plastics Engineering
Contents:
Cover -- Title page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Acknowledgement -- Preface -- 1 Introduction to Doping in Conjugated Polymer -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Molecular Orbital Structure of Conjugated Polymer -- 1.3 Possibility of Electronic Conduction in Conjugated Polymer -- 1.4 Necessity of Doping in Conjugated Polymer -- 1.5 Concept of Doping in Conjugated Polymer -- 1.5.1 Concept of Secondary Doping in Doped Conjugated Polymer -- 1.5.2 Concept of Co-doping in Conjugated Polymer -- 1.6 Doping as Probable Solution -- 2 Classification of Dopants for the Conjugated Polymer -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Classification of Dopant According to Electron Transfer -- 2.2.1 p-Type Dopant -- 2.2.2 n-Type Dopant -- 2.3 Classification of Dopant According to Chemical Nature -- 2.3.1 Inorganic Dopant -- 2.3.2 Organic Dopant -- 2.3.3 Polymeric Dopant -- 2.4 Classification of Dopant According to Doping Mechanism -- 2.4.1 Ionic Dopant or Redox Dopant -- 2.4.2 Non-redox Dopant or Neutral Dopant -- 2.4.3 Self-dopant -- 2.4.4 Induced Dopant -- 3 Doping Techniques for the Conjugated Polymer -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Electrochemical Doping -- 3.2.1 Electrochemical Doping during Polymerization -- 3.2.2 Electrochemical Doping after Polymerization -- 3.3 Chemical Doping -- 3.3.1 Gaseous Doping -- 3.3.2 Solution Doping -- 3.4 In-situ doping -- 3.5 Radiation-Induced Doping or Photo Doping -- 3.6 Charge Injection Doping -- 4 Role of Dopant on the Conduction of Conjugated Polymer -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Charge Defects within Doped Conjugated Polymer -- 4.2.1 Soliton -- 4.2.2 Polaron -- 4.2.3 Bipolaron -- 4.3 Charge Transport within the Doped Conjugated Polymer -- 4.3.1 Electronic Parameter Responsible for Charge Transport -- 4.3.2 Charge Transport Mechanism -- 4.4 Migration of Dopant Counter Ions -- 4.4.1 Electrical Potential Difference and Redox-Potential Gradient.
4.4.2 Dopant Concentration Gradient or Doping Level -- 5 Influence of Properties of Conjugated Polymer on Doping -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Conducting Property -- 5.3 Spectroscopic Property -- 5.3.1 UV-VIS Spectroscopy (Optical Property) -- 5.3.2 FTIR Spectroscopy -- 5.3.3 NMR Spectroscopy -- 5.3.4 Other Spectroscopy -- 5.4 Electrochemical Property -- 5.4.1 Cyclic Voltammetry -- 5.4.2 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy -- 5.5 Thermal Property -- 5.6 Structural Property -- 5.6.1 Crystal Structure -- 5.6.2 Morphological Structure -- 6 Some Special Classes of Dopants for Conjugated Polymer -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Iodine and Other Halogens -- 6.2.1 Principle -- 6.2.2 Doping Technique -- 6.2.3 Property -- 6.3 Halide Doping -- 6.3.1 Principle -- 6.3.2 Doping Technique -- 6.3.3 Property -- 6.4 Protonic Acid Doping -- 6.4.1 Principle -- 6.4.2 Doping Technique -- 6.4.3 Property -- 6.5 Covalent Doping -- 7 Influence of Dopant on the Applications of Conjugated Polymer -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Sensors -- 7.2.1 Chemical Sensors -- 7.2.2 Biosensors -- 7.3 Actuators -- 7.4 Field Effect Transistor -- 7.5 Rechargeable Batteries -- 7.6 Electrochromic Devices -- 7.7 Optoelectronic Devices -- 7.8 Others Applications -- 8 Recent and Future Trends of Doping in Conjugated Polymer -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Doping of Nanostructured Conjugated Polymer -- 8.2.1 Introduction -- 8.2.2 Role of Dopant in Synthesis of Nanostructured Conjugated Polymer -- 8.2.3 Property of Nanostructured Doped Conjugated Polymer -- 8.3 Doping in Conjugated Polymer Nanocomposite -- 8.3.1 Introduction -- 8.3.2 Doping Interaction in Conjugated Polymer Composite with Nanoparticles -- 8.3.3 Doping Interaction in Conjugated Polymer Composite with Carbon Nanofibers or Nanotubes -- 8.4 Future Trends -- References -- Index.
Abstract:
An A-to-Z of doping including its definition, its importance, methods of measurement, advantages and disadvantages, properties and characteristics-and role in conjugated polymers The versatility of polymer materials is expanding because of the introduction of electro-active behavior into the characteristics of some of them. The most exciting development in this area is related to the discovery of intrinsically conductive polymers or conjugated polymers, which include such examples as polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene as well as their derivatives. "Synmet" or "synthetic metal" conjugated polymers, with their metallic characteristics, including conductivity, are of special interest to researchers. An area of limitless potential and application, conjugated polymers have sparked enormous interest, beginning in 2000 when the Nobel Prize for the discovery and development of electrically conducting conjugated polymers was awarded to three scientists: Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, and Hideki Shirakawa. Conjugated polymers have a combination of properties-both metallic (conductivity) and polymeric; doping gives the conjugated polymer's semiconducting a wide range of conductivity, from insulating to low conducting. The doping process is a tested effective method for producing conducting polymers as semiconducting material, providing a substitute for inorganic semiconductors. Doping in Conjugated Polymers is the first book dedicated to the subject and offers a comprehensive A-to-Z overview. It details doping interaction, dopant types, doping techniques, and the influence of the dopant on applications. It explains how the performance of doped conjugated polymers is greatly influenced by the nature of the dopants and their level of distribution within the polymer, and shows how the electrochemical, mechanical, and optical
properties of the doped conjugated polymers can be tailored by controlling the size and mobility of the dopants counter ions. The book also examines doping at the nanoscale, in particular, with carbon nanotubes. Readership The book will interest a broad range of researchers including chemists, electrochemists, biochemists, experimental and theoretical physicists, electronic and electrical engineers, polymer and materials scientists. It can also be used in both graduate and upper-level undergraduate courses on conjugated polymers and polymer technology.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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