Basic Guide to Oral Health Education and Promotion -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- SECTION 1 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE ORAL CAVITY -- Chapter 1 The oral cavity in health -- INTRODUCTION -- ORAL EMBRYOLOGY -- Development of the face -- Development of the palate and nasal cavities -- Development of the jaws (mandible and maxilla) -- Tooth germ development in the foetus -- MAIN FUNCTIONS OF THE ORAL CAVITY -- TEETH -- Primary dentition -- Secondary dentition -- Structure of the tooth -- Supporting structures of the tooth -- THE TONGUE AND THE FLOOR OF THE MOUTH -- Muscles of the tongue -- Functions of the tongue -- Conditions affecting the tongue -- The floor of the mouth -- SALIVA -- Major salivary glands -- Composition of saliva -- Functions of saliva -- Facts about saliva -- Other additives within the mouth -- REFERENCES -- SECTION 2 DISEASES AND CONDITIONS OF THE ORAL CAVITY -- Chapter 2 Plaque, calculus and staining -- INTRODUCTION -- PLAQUE -- Biofilms -- Stages in plaque formation -- Secondary risk factors in the retention of plaque -- Plaque control -- CALCULUS -- Supragingival calculus -- Subgingival calculus -- STAINING -- Intrinsic staining -- Extrinsic staining -- Teeth whitening -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3 Chronic gingivitis -- WHAT IS CHRONIC GINGIVITIS? -- Who does it affect? -- Primary cause of chronic gingivitis -- Secondary causes of chronic gingivitis -- Inflammation -- Other signs and symptoms of chronic gingivitis -- Treatment of chronic gingivitis -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4 Periodontal disease -- WHAT IS CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS? -- Who does it affect? -- Primary causes of chronic periodontitis -- Secondary risk factors in the development of periodontitis -- Features of chronic periodontitis -- Signs of chronic periodontitis -- Symptoms of chronic periodontitis -- Treatment and management.

AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS -- Clinical features of aggressive periodontitis -- Treatment of aggressive periodontitis -- NECROTISING ULCERATIVE GINGIVITIS -- Aetiology of NUG -- Clinical features of NUG -- Treatment of NUG -- PERI-IMPLANT MUCOSITIS AND PERI-IMPLANTITIS -- Treatment of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5 Caries -- WHAT IS CARIES? -- History and incidence -- Types of caries -- Development of caries -- Aetiology of caries -- Stages of caries -- Common sites where caries occurs -- Prevention of caries (Figure 5.8) -- Simple experiments to demonstrate an acid attack -- Epidemiology and caries -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6 Tooth surface loss and sensitivity -- WHAT IS TOOTH SURFACE LOSS? -- Erosion -- Attrition -- Abrasion -- Abfraction -- SENSITIVITY (DENTINE HYPERSENSITIVITY) -- Aetiology -- Features -- Where does dentine hypersensitivity occur? -- Patients commonly affected by dentine hypersensitivity -- Treatment -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7 Xerostomia -- WHAT IS XEROSTOMIA? -- Aetiology -- Permanently dry mouth -- Management -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8 Other diseases and disorders affecting the oral cavity -- INTRODUCTION -- PERIODONTAL ABSCESS -- Aetiology (causes) -- Clinical features -- Treatment -- APHTHOUS ULCERS (MINOR AND MAJOR) -- Aetiology -- Clinical features -- Treatment -- COLD SORES (HERPES LABIALIS) -- Aetiology -- Clinical features -- What reactivates the virus? -- Treatment -- ACUTE HERPETIC GINGIVOSTOMATITIS -- Aetiology -- Clinical features -- Treatment -- TOOTH ANOMALIES -- Hypodontia -- Anodontia -- Hyperdontia -- Teeth size -- Tooth morphology anomalies -- GLOSSITIS -- Aetiology -- Treatment -- GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE -- Aetiology -- Treatment -- ORAL CANDIDOSIS -- Oral thrush -- Stomatitis -- Angular cheilitis -- WHITE PATCHES (LEUKOPLAKIA) -- ORAL CANCER (CARCINOMA) -- Aetiology.

Clinical features -- Treatment -- Prevention -- SQUAMOUS CELL PAPILLOMA -- Aetiology -- Clinical features -- Treatment -- MUCOCELE -- Clinical features -- Aetiology -- Treatment -- TORI -- BURNS -- Aetiology -- Clinical features -- Treatment -- RECREATIONAL DRUG USERS -- SYSTEMIC DISEASES WITH ORAL IMPLICATIONS -- Diabetes -- Patients with epilepsy -- Lichen planus -- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) -- Crohn's disease and colitis -- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) -- REFERENCES -- SECTION 3 ORAL DISEASE PREVENTION -- Chapter 9 Diet and nutrition -- INTRODUCTION -- A HEALTHY BALANCED DIET (THE EATWELL PLATE) -- NUTRITION -- Carbohydrates -- Proteins -- Fats -- Vitamins -- Minerals -- Fibre -- Water -- FOOD ADDITIVES -- FOOD LABELLING -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 10 Sugars in the diet -- INTRODUCTION -- THE COMA PANEL ON DIETARY SUGARS -- COMA classification of sugars (Figure 10.1) -- COMA Panel recommendations (Remember!) -- THE NACNE REPORT -- FREQUENCY OF SUGAR CONSUMPTION -- OHE advice to patients on sugar consumption -- SUGAR SUBSTITUTES -- Bulk sweeteners -- Intense sweeteners -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 11 Fluoride -- WHAT IS FLUORIDE? -- Where is it found? -- Facts about fluoride -- History of fluoride -- Benefits of water fluoridation -- How fluoride works -- Dental fluorosis -- Fluoride availability -- Points to consider when recommending supplements -- Patients recommended for fluoride supplements -- Arguments for and against the fluoridation of water supplies -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 12 Fissure sealants -- WHAT IS A FISSURE SEALANT? -- Reasons for using fissure sealants -- When and where to seal -- Fissure sealant materials/systems -- Sealant placement -- Tips on fissure sealing in children -- Further advice -- Clinical trials -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 13 Smoking cessation and substance misuse -- SMOKING AND TOBACCO USE.

Reasons why people smoke -- Effects of tobacco smoking on general health -- Effects of tobacco smoking on oral health -- Helping patients change their smoking habits -- Nicotine replacement therapy -- OTHER DRUG MISUSE AND SUPPORT -- Alcohol -- Illegal drug misuse -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 14 Anti-plaque agents -- INTRODUCTION -- TOOTHPASTE -- Constituents of toothpaste -- Functions of toothpaste -- Advising on toothpastes -- ANTI-PLAQUE MOUTHWASHES -- Chlorhexidine gluconate -- Forms of chlorhexidine gluconate -- Delmopinol mouthwash -- Essential oil mouthwash -- Fluoride mouthwashes -- Hydrogen peroxide mouthwashes -- Sodium bicarbonate -- Benzydamine hydrochloride -- Cetylpyridinium chloride -- SUGAR-FREE CHEWING GUM -- REFERENCES -- SECTION 4 DELIVERING ORAL HEALTH MESSAGES -- Chapter 15 Communication -- WHAT IS COMMUNICATION? -- The three rules of communication -- COMMUNICATION IN THE DENTAL SURGERY -- Effective communication -- Communication barriers -- Paralinguistic communication -- Neuro-linguistic programming -- MEDIA INFLUENCE -- TECHNOLOGY AND THE OHE -- Chapter 16 Education and planning sessions -- INTRODUCTION -- EDUCATIONAL THEORISTS -- THE THREE DOMAINS OF LEARNING -- STRUCTURING A SESSION -- Deciding upon a topic -- Obtain background information about the patient/group -- Aims -- Objectives -- Lesson plan -- Teaching methods and aids -- Evaluation -- SO WHAT IS A QUESTIONNAIRE? -- Open and closed questions -- Questionnaire design -- Rehearse the session -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 17 Setting up a preventive dental unit -- INTRODUCTION -- PDU LOCATION -- PDU DESIGN -- SETTING UP DISPLAYS -- ORGANISATION -- Chapter 18 Planning an oral hygiene session outside of the practice -- INTRODUCTION -- PLANNING A TALK TO A GROUP OUTSIDE OF THE PRACTICE -- DELIVERING THE TALK (CHECKLIST) -- SETTING UP AN EXHIBITION OR DISPLAY (SEE ALSO CHAPTER 17).

POSTER DESIGN AND DISPLAYING WRITTEN INFORMATION (SEE ALSO CHAPTER 17) -- Chapter 19 Practical oral hygiene instruction -- INTRODUCTION -- TEACHING PLAQUE CONTROL SKILLS -- Patient motivation -- Disclosing -- Plaque indicator kits -- Toothbrushes -- Toothbrushing -- Interdental cleaning methods -- Tongue cleaning -- Advice to orthodontic appliance wearers -- Advice to denture wearers -- COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES -- Acupuncture -- Herbal remedies -- Aromatherapy -- Homeopathy -- REFERENCES -- SECTION 5 ORAL HEALTH TARGET GROUPS AND CASE STUDIES -- Chapter 20 Pregnant patients -- INTRODUCTION -- Lifestyle advice during pregnancy -- Questions on the developing embryo and foetus -- SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ORAL DISEASES AND CONDITIONS -- Erosion (see also Chapter 6) -- Caries (see Chapter 5) -- Gingival problems (see Chapter 3) -- Periodontal infection -- Smoking-related conditions and diseases -- Alcohol advice (see also Chapter 13) -- SUMMARY OF ADVICE FOR PREGNANT WOMEN -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 21 Parents of pre-11 year olds -- INTRODUCTION -- GENERAL ADVICE FOR ALL AGE GROUPS -- Sugar-free medicines -- 'One hour before bed' rule -- Passive smoking (see Chapter 13) -- Visiting schools and clubs -- ADVICE TO PARENTS OF 0-3 YEAR OLDS -- Babies born with teeth -- Eruption dates and teething advice -- Visiting the dentist -- Toothbrushing (see Chapter 19) -- Interdental cleaning (see Chapter 19) -- Fluoride toothpaste -- Fluoride supplements (see Chapter 14) -- Comforters (dummies) -- Feeding and weaning -- ADVICE TO PARENTS OF CHILDREN AGED 4-6 YEARS -- ADVICE TO PARENTS OF CHILDREN AGED 7-11 YEARS -- Eruption dates (see Chapter 1) -- Suitable toothbrush techniques (see Chapter 19) -- Interdental cleaning -- Fluoride mouthwash (if appropriate) -- Diet and sugar intake (see also Chapters 9 and 10) -- Drinks (see also Chapters 9 and 10).

Gum disease prevention.