Magnetic Processes in Astrophysics -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Differential Rotation of Stars -- 1.1 Solar Observations -- 1.1.1 The Rotation Law -- 1.1.2 Torsional Oscillations -- 1.1.3 Meridional Flow -- 1.2 Stellar Observations -- 1.2.1 Rotational Evolution -- 1.2.2 Differential Rotation -- 1.3 The Reynolds Stress -- 1.3.1 The Lambda Effect -- 1.3.2 Eddy Viscosities -- 1.4 The Meridional Flow -- 1.4.1 Origin of the Meridional Flow -- 1.4.2 The Differential Temperature -- 1.4.3 Advection-Dominated Solar Dynamo -- 1.5 The Sun -- 1.5.1 Sun without Lambda Effect -- 1.5.2 Sun without Baroclinic Flow -- 1.5.3 Global Simulations -- 1.6 Individual Stars -- 1.6.1 Two Most Stars -- 1.6.2 Young Stars -- 1.7 Dwarfs & Giants -- 1.7.1 M Dwarfs -- 1.7.2 F Stars -- 1.7.3 Giants -- 1.8 Differential Rotation along the Main Sequence -- 2 Radiation Zones: Magnetic Stability and Rotation -- 2.1 The Watson Problem -- 2.1.1 The Stability Equations -- 2.1.2 2D Approximation -- 2.1.3 Stability Maps -- 2.2 The Magnetic Tachocline -- 2.2.1 A Planar Model -- 2.2.2 Magnetic Field Confinement by Meridional Flow -- 2.2.3 Tachocline Model in Spherical Geometry -- 2.3 Stability of Toroidal Fields -- 2.3.1 Equations -- 2.3.2 Nonexistence of 2D Magnetic Instabilities -- 2.3.3 No Diffusion -- 2.3.4 Growth Rates, Drift Rates and Radial Mixing -- 2.4 Stability of Thin Toroidal Field Belts -- 2.4.1 Rigid Rotation -- 2.4.2 Differential Rotation -- 2.4.3 High Fourier Modes -- 2.5 Helicity and Dynamo Action -- 2.5.1 Helicity and Alpha Effect -- 2.5.2 Dynamo Action -- 2.6 Ap Star Magnetism -- 2.7 The Shear-Hall Instability (SHI) -- 3 Quasi-linear Theory of Driven Turbulence -- 3.1 The Turbulence Pressure -- 3.2 The -Tensor -- 3.2.1 Rotating Turbulence -- 3.2.2 Nonrotating Turbulence but Helical Background Fields -- 3.3 Kinetic Helicity and DIV-CURL Correlation -- 3.4 Cross-Helicity.

3.4.1 Theory -- 3.4.2 Simulations and Observations -- 3.5 Shear Flow Electrodynamics -- 3.5.1 Hydrodynamic Stability of Shear Flow -- 3.5.2 The Magnetic-Diffusivity Tensor -- 3.5.3 Dynamos without Stratification -- 3.6 The Alpha Effect -- 3.6.1 Helical-driven Turbulence -- 3.6.2 Shear Flow -- 3.6.3 Shear-Dynamos with Turbulence-Stratification -- 3.6.4 Alpha Effect by Density Stratification -- 3.7 The Current Helicity -- 4 The Galactic Dynamo -- 4.1 Magnetic Fields of Galaxies -- 4.2 Interstellar Turbulence -- 4.2.1 Hydrostatic Equilibrium and Interstellar Turbulence -- 4.2.2 Alpha Effect by Supernova Explosions -- 4.2.3 The Advection Problem -- 4.3 Dynamo Models -- 4.3.1 Linear Models -- 4.3.2 Nonlinear Dynamo Models -- 4.4 Magnetic Instabilities -- 4.4.1 The Seed Field Problem -- 4.4.2 Magnetorotational Instability -- 4.4.3 Tayler Instability -- 5 The Magnetorotational Instability (MRI) -- 5.1 Taylor-Couette Flows -- 5.2 The Stratorotational Instability (SRI) -- 5.2.1 The Angular Momentum Transport -- 5.2.2 Electromotive Force by Magnetized SRI -- 5.3 The Standard Magnetorotational Instability (SMRI) -- 5.3.1 The Equations -- 5.3.2 Nonaxisymmetric Modes -- 5.3.3 Wave Numbers -- 5.3.4 Nonlinear Simulations -- 5.3.5 The Angular Momentum Transport -- 5.4 Diffusive Kepler Disks -- 5.5 MRI with Hall Effect -- 5.6 The Azimuthal MRI (AMRI) -- 5.6.1 The Equations -- 5.6.2 The Instability Map -- 5.6.3 Different Scalings with Pm -- 5.6.4 Nonlinear Results -- 5.6.5 The AMRI Experiment -- 5.7 Helical Magnetorotational Instability (HMRI) -- 5.7.1 From AMRI to HMRI -- 5.7.2 Nonaxisymmetric Modes for small Pm -- 5.7.3 Pseudo-Kepler Rotation -- 5.7.4 The Frequencies -- 5.8 Laboratory Experiment Promise -- 5.8.1 Experimental Results -- 5.8.2 Endplate Effects -- 5.8.3 Promise 2 -- 6 The Tayler Instability (TI) -- 6.1 Stationary Fluids -- 6.2 Experiment Gate.

6.3 Rotating Fluids -- 6.3.1 Rigid Rotation -- 6.3.2 Differential Rotation -- 6.3.3 Eddy Viscosity and Turbulent Diffusivity -- 6.4 The Tayler Generator -- 6.5 Helical Background Fields and Alpha Effect -- 6.5.1 Helical Fields with Weak Axial Current -- 6.5.2 Uniform Electric Current -- 6.5.3 Alpha Effect -- 6.6 TI with Hall Effect -- 7 Magnetic Spherical Couette Flow -- 7.1 Stewartson Layers -- 7.2 Shercliff Layers -- 7.3 Finite Re in an Axial Field -- 7.3.1 Numerics -- 7.3.2 The Maryland Experiment -- 7.3.3 The Princeton Experiment -- 7.4 The Grenoble DTS Experiment -- 7.5 Other Waves and Instabilities -- 7.5.1 Inertial Oscillations -- 7.5.2 Torsional Oscillations -- 7.5.3 Alfvén Waves -- 7.5.4 The Magnetostrophic MRI -- 7.6 Linear Combinations of Axial and Dipolar Fields -- 7.7 Dynamo Action -- References -- Index.