Meta-informative Centering in Utterances -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Introduction -- 1. Information and meta-information -- 2. Attention centering -- 3. Between semantics and pragmatics -- 4. Overview of the contributions to this volume -- 4.1 Associative semantics and meta-informative centering -- 4.2 Neuropsychological evidence for the MIC theory -- 4.3 Meta-informative centering in languages -- 4.3.1 Discourse coherence in English and Japanese -- 4.3.2 Verbal aspect in Slavic languages between semantics and pragmatics -- 4.3.3 Tonic and atonic personal pronouns in modern Russian, classical Greek and Latin -- References -- Roles and anchors of semantic situations -- 1. Human communication as a composite partial function -- 2. Language and ontology -- 2.1 Semantic theory of natural language from the ontological perspective -- 2.2 Entities: Agents and figures -- 3. Relations, roles and anchors -- 3.1 Role component -- 3.2 Anchor component -- 4. Associative semantics: Examples of analysis -- 5. Further research -- Frames of semantic situations -- 1. The structure of semantic situations -- 1.1 Space -- 1.2 Time -- 1.3 Progression -- 1.4 Granularity -- 2. The partial ordering of semantic situations -- 2.1 The hierarchy of types of situation -- 2.2 The situation frames model -- 3. Examples of types of semantic situations -- 3.1 States -- 3.2 Events -- 3.3 Ordinary processes -- 3.4 Refined rocessses -- 4. Representations and formalisation -- 4.1 Semantic situations and Petri nets -- 4.2 Semantic situations and "event structures and the structures of configuration of events" -- References -- grounding of the meta-informative status of utterances -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Information and meta-information -- 3. Oldness and newness revisited: The meta-informative status of utterances.

4. Grounding of the meta-informative old/new status -- 5. Information centering structure -- 6. Aboutness and agentivity -- 7. Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Attention-centered information in language -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Centres of Attention and Attention-Driven Phrases -- 3. Attention-Driven Phrases (ADP) in Base and Extended Utterances -- 3.1 Attention-Driven phrases of base utterances: Subject and object -- 3.2 Attention-Driven Phrases of extended utterances: Topic and focus -- 3.3 Interpreting a noun phrase as subject or object -- 3.4 Subject of passive utterances compared with topicalised Object of active utterances -- 4. Subject in Different Types of Languages -- 4.1 Subject and category of person: Explicit subject -- 4.2 Implicit subject -- 4.3 Implicit Subject and Topic -- 4.4 Topic prominency and subject prominency -- 4.5 Anonymous Subject -- 4.6 Interpreting topicalised objects in active impersonal utterances (with an anonymous subject) -- 5. Word-order as a meta-informative marker -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- Abreviations -- References -- Semantic and episodic memory by reference to the ontological grounding of the old and new meta-informative status -- 1. Introduction -- 2. New and old information in utterances -- 3. Episodic and semantic memory -- 4. Findings from cognitive neuroscience -- 5. Grounding, mirror neurons and theory of mind -- 6. Cognitive communication disorders as disturbances of the MIC-component -- 7. Empirical evidence for the model -- References -- Tracing the role of memory and attention for the meta-informative validation of utterances -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Some examples from German as a FWO language -- 3. New and old information from a neurobiological perspective -- 4. Human memory as a complex differentiated system and its relation to text comprehension.

5. Working memory capacity and processes from the basis of the meta-informative processing of linguistic utterances -- 6. Focussed attention on centers of informational saliency in texts -- 7. The MIC component in models of language production and comprehension -- References -- It-clefts in the Meta-Informative structure of the utterance in modernand present-day English -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The theoretical framework: The MIC theory -- 3. Description of it-clefts -- 3.1 A MIC-compliant representation of it-clefts -- 3.2 A structural and grammatical description of it-clefts -- 4. Informative aspects of it-cleft sentences -- 4.1 Clefts as identifying structures -- 4.2 Meta-informative structure -- 5. The data -- 5.1 Frequency of it-clefts -- 5.2 Information in it-clefts -- 6. Summary and concluding remarks -- Sources -- Discourse coherence and referent identification of subject ellipsis in Japanese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Ellipsis as a discourse coherence marker -- 3. Referent identification of ellipsis in Japanese -- 3.1 Argument structure -- 3.2 Topic-oriented discourse structure -- 3.3 Argument-inferring predicates -- 3.3.1 Restrictions on person -- 3.3.2 Restrictions on gender -- 3.3.3 Fine-grained selectional restrictions: Representative arguments -- 3.3.4 Restrictions on seniority -- 3.3.5 Restrictions on same/different subjects in complex sentences -- 4. As a conclusion: Implicit lexical knowledge for cross-linguistic studies -- References -- Structure of centre of attention in a multi-party conversation in Japanese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theoretical framework -- 3. Background to the Hiroshima data -- 4. Data -- 5. Centre of attention and peripheral attention in multi-party conversation -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Verbal aspect in Slavic languages between semantics and pragmatics -- 1. Introduction.

2. Ontology and Semantics: Explaining specific meanings with universal concepts -- 3. The Borderline between semantics and pragmatics -- 4. Aspect and Aktionsart -- 5. Aspect in Slavic Languages as a "Hypercategory" -- 6. Universal semantic features for the description of aspect usage types -- 7. Aspect pairs and aspect clusters -- 7.1 The perfective partners of stative IPF verbs -- 7.2 The perfective partners of refined process IPF verbs -- 7.3 The Imperfective partners of event verbs: The problem of perfectiva tantum -- 8. The pragmatic usage types of aspect -- 8.1 Aspect usage types and the grounding of the old/new meta-informative Status -- 8.2 Usage Types of IPF and PF verbs in ontology-motivated old and new utterances -- 8.3 Discourse-based pragmatic usage types of PF and IPF verbs -- 8.4 Usage of slavic imperfective verbs in both old and new contexts -- 8.5 The expressive usage of the PF Aspect in old contexts -- 9. Conclusion -- References -- Accented and unaccented pronouns in Ancient Greek -- 0. Introduction -- 1. The theoretical dimension of the problem -- 1.1 The link between focalisation, topicalisation and coherence -- 1.2 Hypothesis -- 1.3 Formal criteria v. textual criteria -- 2. The pronoun system in Ancient Greek -- 2.1 The Pro-drop system: The case of the constituent subject -- 2.2 P1 and P2 -- 2.2.1 Similarities -- 2.2.2 Differences -- 2.2.3 Nominative v. other cases -- 2.3 The value of contrasting markings (strong v. weak form) -- 3. Topicalisation v. focalisation -- 3.1 Topic pronouns -- 3.2 Focalised pronouns -- 4. Auxiliary means of expression besides pronominal forms -- 4.1 Intonation -- 4.2 Syntax -- 4.2.1 The place of clitics -- 4.2.2 Accented pronouns and word order -- 4.2.3 The anteposed accented pronoun.

4.2.3.1. The verbs "to say" and "to think" + pronoun. The P1 pronoun egṓ precedes légō "I say" in 73 cases, whereas the reverse word order (légō egṓ) is only found once. -- 4.2.3.2. Preverbal v. postverbal accented pronoun. At the same time, in so far as the corpus presents some examples in which both positions are possible, we may ask whether the use of the accented pronoun allows us to hypothesise a difference of value bet -- 4.2.3.3. Syntax and clause type. The corpus offers another, particularly interesting example of the same syntactical construction carried out in two different orders and presenting a contrast that is both formal and meta-informative: -- 4.3. Pragmatic particles -- 4.3.1 Dḗ -- 4.3.2 Ge -- Conclusion -- Abbreviations used -- References -- Personal subject pronouns and the meta-informative centeringof utterances in classical Latin -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Topicalisation -- 3. Focalisation -- 4. Ego and tu as additional meta-informative markers -- 4. Conclusion -- Corpus -- References -- Glossary of defined terminology -- Index.