Cover -- Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs): Materials, devices and applications -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributor contact details -- Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials -- Part I Materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) -- 1 Synthesis of electroluminescent conjugated polymers for OLEDs -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Polyarylenes -- 1.3 Poly(arylenevinylene)s -- 1.4 Poly(aryleneethynylene)s -- 1.5 Conjugated copolymers -- 1.6 Coordination polymers -- 1.7 Conclusion and future trends -- 1.8 Sources of further information -- 1.9 References -- 2 Transparent conducting thin films for OLEDs -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Thin film electrodes (TCOs) -- 2.3 Semitransparent metal thin film electrodes -- 2.4 Carbon-based thin film electrodes -- 2.5 Conclusion -- 2.6 Sources of further information -- 2.7 References -- 3 Iridium and platinum complexes for OLEDs -- 3.1 Introduction to triplet-emitting metal complexes in OLEDs -- 3.2 Excited states of metal complexes -- 3.3 The pre-eminence of cyclometallated iridium(III) and platinum(II) complexes for OLEDs -- 3.4 Colour-tuning strategies in cyclometallated complexes -- 3.5 Blue-emitting complexes -- 3.6 Red- and near infra-red-emitting complexes -- 3.7 Complexes for white-light-emitting OLEDs (WOLEDs) -- 3.8 References -- 4 Chemical and photophysical properties of materials for OLEDs -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Organic semiconductors -- 4.3 Photophysical properties of OLED materials -- 4.4 Thermal stability -- 4.5 Conclusion and future trends -- 4.6 References -- 5 Phosphorescent OLEDs for solid-state lighting -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Phosphorescent materials -- 5.3 Device design and fabrication -- 5.4 Conclusion and future trends -- 5.5 References -- Part II Operation and engineering of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices -- 6 Highly efficient pin-type OLEDs.

6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Highly efficient monochrome OLEDs -- 6.3 Highly efficient white OLEDs -- 6.4 Degradation of OLEDs -- 6.5 Conclusion and future trends -- 6.6 References -- 7 Charge carrier mobility in amorphous organic semiconductors -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Experimental approaches -- 7.3 Concepts -- 7.4 Representative experimental results -- 7.5 Future trends -- 7.6 Sources of further information and advice -- 7.7 References -- 8 Nanostructuring OLEDs to increase efficiency -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Routes for enhancing OLED efficiency with nanostructures -- 8.3 Coupling guided modes to leaky modes with nanostructures -- 8.4 Spontaneous emission engineering with nanostructures -- 8.5 Local electric field effects due to nanostructures -- 8.6 Fabrication of nanostructured OLEDs -- 8.7 Conclusion -- 8.8 Future trends -- 8.9 Sources of further information and advice -- 8.10 References -- 9 Modelling of light extraction from OLEDs -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Rationale of the approach in terms of the characteristics of the problem -- 9.3 Presentation of the emitting layers -- 9.4 Theoretical methods in diffraction and scattering -- 9.5 Analysis of OLED modes -- 9.6 References -- 10 Tuning the colour and efficiency of OLEDs -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Multi-emission by a single phosphor -- 10.3 The nature of emissive aggregates: excimer versus dimer -- 10.4 Mixing of molecular and bi-molecular emissive states to tune the colour and efficiency of phosphorescent OLEDs -- 10.5 Conclusion and future trends -- 10.6 Acknowledgments -- 10.7 References -- 11 Optical characterisation of OLED emitters from radiation pattern analyses -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Optical modelling of OLEDs -- 11.3 Experimental -- 11.4 Routines for analysing the emitter properties -- 11.5 Further applications and optical analyses -- 11.6 Conclusion and future trends.

11.7 Acknowledgments -- 11.8 References -- 12 Printing techniques for the fabrication of OLEDs -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 The inks for printing OLEDs -- 12.3 Printing technology classifications -- 12.4 Rotogravure printing -- 12.5 Flexography -- 12.6 Screen printing -- 12.7 Lithography -- 12.8 Inkjet printing -- 12.9 Coating processes -- 12.10 Applications of printing technologies for OLEDs -- 12.11 Conclusion -- 12.12 Acknowledgments -- 12.13 References -- 13 Fluorenone defects in fluorene-based conjugated polymers -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Synthesis of poly(dialkylfluorene)s -- 13.3 Polyfluorenes as blue emitting materials -- 13.4 The green emission problem -- 13.5 Aggregate versus defect -- 13.6 Defect emission suppression -- 13.7 Conclusion and future trends -- 13.8 References -- 14 Disruptive characteristics and lifetime issues of OLEDs -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Disruptive OLED characteristics -- 14.3 Lifetime issues -- 14.4 References -- Part III Applications of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) in displays and solid-state lighting -- 15 Active matrix, organic light-emitting diodes (AMOLEDs) for displays -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 OLED display business ecosystem creation -- 15.3 Lifetime and burn-in effect -- 15.4 Power consumption -- 15.5 OLED television -- 15.6 Conclusion and future trends -- 15.7 Acknowledgements -- 15.8 References -- 16 The technology and manufacturing of polymer OLED on complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microdisplays -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Device architecture for polymer OLED microdisplays -- 16.3 Artifact free images: the role of CMOS and OLED -- 16.4 The generation and control of colour -- 16.5 Manufacturing issues -- 16.6 Conclusion and future trends -- 16.7 Acknowledgements -- 16.8 References -- 17 Transparent OLED displays -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Transparent OLEDs.

17.3 Thin-film-encapsulation of transparent OLEDs -- 17.4 Transparent display driver electronics -- 17.5 Acknowledgements -- 17.6 References -- 18 OLED-based biochemical sensors -- 18.1 Introduction to sensors and sensor technology -- 18.2 Introduction to organic light-emitting diodes -- 18.3 Advantages and limitations of OLEDs -- 18.4 Introduction to OLED biosensors -- 18.5 Types of OLED-based bio/chemical sensor technologies -- 18.6 Conclusion -- 18.7 References -- 19 Large-area OLED lighting panels and their applications -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Fabrication of large-area OLED lighting panels -- 19.3 Integration of OLED lightings and solar cells -- 19.4 Integration of OLED and inorganic LED (ILED) lightings -- 19.5 OLED lightings for visible-light communication -- 19.6 Conclusion -- 19.7 References -- 20 Lifetime determination procedure for OLED lighting panels and proposal for standardisation -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Lifetime measurement setup -- 20.3 Accelerated lifetime testing -- 20.4 Data analysis and discussions -- 20.5 Conclusion -- 20.6 Acknowledgements -- 20.7 References -- Index.