Cover -- Copyright -- Contents -- INTRODUCTION vii -- INDEX … 643 -- GENERAL SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS, AND TECHNOLOGY … 1 -- Introduction -- Societies, Publications, and Awards -- Numbers -- Mathematics -- Computers -- PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY … 55 -- Energy, Motion, and Force -- Light, Sound, and Other Waves … Electricity -- Electricity and Magnetism -- Matter -- Chemical Elements -- Temperature, Measurement, and Methodology -- ASTRONOMY AND SPACE … 93 -- Universe -- Stars -- Planets and Moons -- Comets and Meteorites -- Observation and Measurement -- Exploration -- EARTH … 145 -- Air -- Physical Characteristics -- Water -- Land -- Volcanoes and Earthquakes -- Observation and Measurement -- CLIMATE AND WEATHER… 181 -- Temperature -- Air Phenomena -- Wind -- Precipitation -- Weather Prediction -- MINERALS, METALS, AND OTHER MATERIALS … 221 -- Rocks and Minerals -- Metals -- Natural Substances -- Man-made Products -- ENERGY … 257 -- Fossil Fuels -- Renewable and Alternative Energy -- Nuclear Energy -- Measures and Measurement -- Consumption and Conservation -- ENVIRONMENT … 293 -- Biomes, Ecological Cycles, and Environmental Milestones -- Pollution and Wastes -- Recycling and Conservation -- Extinct and Endangered Plants and Animals -- BIOLOGY … 345 -- Cells -- Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi -- DNA, RNA, and Chromosomes -- Genetics and Evolution -- Classification, Laboratory Tools, and Techniques -- PLANT WORLD … 403 -- Introduction and Historical Background -- Plant Diversity -- Plant Structure and Function -- Plant Diversity -- Flowers and Unusual Plants -- Trees and Shrubs -- Soil, Gardening, and Farming -- ANIMAL WORLD … 451 -- Introduction and Historical Background -- Animal Characteristics and Activities -- Sponges, Coelenterates, and Worms -- Mollusks and Echinoderms -- Arthropods: Crustaceans, Insects, and Spiders.

Fish, Amphibians, and Reptiles -- Birds -- Mammals -- Pets -- HUMAN BODY … 517 -- Introduction and Historical Background -- Tissues, Organs, and Glands -- Bones and Muscles -- Bones and Muscles -- Skin, Hair, and Nails -- Blood and Circulation -- Nerves and Senses -- Digestion -- Reproduction and Human Development -- HEALTH AND MEDICINE … 579 -- Health Hazards and Risks -- First Aid and Poisons -- Diseases, Disorders, and Other Health Problems -- Health Care -- Diagnostic Equipments, Tests, and Techniques -- Drugs and Medicines -- Surgery and Other Treatments.