Statistical Robust Design -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 What is robust design? -- 1.1 The importance of small variation -- 1.2 Variance reduction -- 1.3 Variation propagation -- 1.4 Discussion -- 1.4.1 Limitations -- 1.4.2 The outline of this book -- Exercises -- 2 DOE for robust design, part 1 -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Noise factors -- 2.1.2 Control factors -- 2.1.3 Control-by-noise interactions -- 2.2 Combined arrays: An example from the packaging industry -- 2.2.1 The experimental array -- 2.2.2 Factor effect plots -- 2.2.3 Analytical analysis and statistical significance -- 2.2.4 Some additional comments on the plotting -- 2.3 Dispersion effects -- Exercises -- Reference -- 3 Noise and control factors -- 3.1 Introduction to noise factors -- 3.1.1 Categories of noise -- 3.2 Finding the important noise factors -- 3.2.1 Relating noise to failure modes -- 3.2.2 Reducing the number of noise factors -- 3.3 How to include noise in a designed experiment -- 3.3.1 Compounding of noise factors -- 3.3.2 How to include noise in experimentation -- 3.3.3 Process parameters -- 3.4 Control factors -- Exercises -- References -- 4 Response, signal, and P diagrams -- 4.1 The idea of signal and response -- 4.1.1 Two situations -- 4.2 Ideal functions and P diagrams -- 4.2.1 Noise or signal factor -- 4.2.2 Control or signal factor -- 4.2.3 The scope -- 4.3 The signal -- 4.3.1 Including a signal in a designed experiment -- Exercises -- 5 DOE for robust design, part 2 -- 5.1 Combined and crossed arrays -- 5.1.1 Classical DOE versus DOE for robust design -- 5.1.2 The structure of inner and outer arrays -- 5.2 Including a signal in a designed experiment -- 5.2.1 Combined arrays with a signal -- 5.2.2 Inner and outer arrays with a signal -- 5.3 Crossed arrays versus combined arrays -- 5.3.1 Differences in factor aliasing -- 5.4 Crossed arrays and split-plot designs.

5.4.1 Limits of randomization -- 5.4.2 Split-plot designs -- Exercises -- References -- 6 Smaller-the-better and larger-the-better -- 6.1 Different types of responses -- 6.2 Failure modes and smaller-the-better -- 6.2.1 Failure modes -- 6.2.2 STB with inner and outer arrays -- 6.2.3 STB with combined arrays -- 6.3 Larger-the-better -- 6.4 Operating window -- 6.4.1 The window width -- Exercises -- References -- 7 Regression for robust design -- 7.1 Graphical techniques -- 7.2 Analytical minimization of (g′(z))2 -- 7.3 Regression and crossed arrays -- 7.3.1 Regression terms in the inner array -- Exercises -- 8 Mathematics of robust design -- 8.1 Notational system -- 8.2 The objective function -- 8.2.1 Multidimensional problems -- 8.2.2 Optimization in the presence of a signal -- 8.2.3 Matrix formulation -- 8.2.4 Pareto optimality -- 8.3 ANOVA for robust design -- 8.3.1 Traditional ANOVA -- 8.3.2 Functional ANOVA -- 8.3.3 Sensitivity indices -- Exercises -- References -- 9 Design and analysis of computer experiments -- 9.1 Overview of computer experiments -- 9.1.1 Robust design -- 9.2 Experimental arrays for computer experiments -- 9.2.1 Screening designs -- 9.2.2 Space filling designs -- 9.2.3 Latin hypercubes -- 9.2.4 Latin hypercube designs and alphabetical optimality criteria -- 9.3 Response surfaces -- 9.3.1 Local least squares -- 9.3.2 Kriging -- 9.4 Optimization -- 9.4.1 The objective function -- 9.4.2 Analytical techniques or Monte Carlo -- Exercises -- References -- 10 Monte Carlo methods for robust design -- 10.1 Geometry variation -- 10.1.1 Electronic circuits -- 10.2 Geometry variation in two dimensions -- 10.3 Crossed arrays -- 11 Taguchi and his ideas on robust design -- 11.1 History and origin -- 11.2 The experimental arrays -- 11.2.1 The nature of inner arrays -- 11.2.2 Interactions and energy thinking -- 11.2.3 Crossing the arrays.

11.3 Signal-to-noise ratios -- 11.4 Some other ideas -- 11.4.1 Randomization -- 11.4.2 Science versus engineering -- 11.4.3 Line fitting for dynamic models -- 11.4.4 An aspect on the noise -- 11.4.5 Dynamic models -- Exercises -- References -- Appendix A Loss functions -- A.1 Why Americans do not buy American television sets -- A.2 Taguchi's view on loss function -- A.3 The average loss and its elements -- A.4 Loss functions in robust design -- Exercises -- References -- Appendix B Data for chapter 2 -- Appendix C Data for chapter 5 -- References -- Appendix D Data for chapter 6 -- Reference -- Index.