Positioning in Wireless Communications Systems.
Title:
Positioning in Wireless Communications Systems.
Author:
Sand, Stephan.
ISBN:
9781118694091
Personal Author:
Edition:
1st ed.
Physical Description:
1 online resource (277 pages)
Contents:
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Ground Based Positioning Systems -- 1.1.1 DECCA -- 1.1.2 LORAN -- 1.1.3 OMEGA -- 1.2 Satellite Based Positioning Systems -- 1.2.1 GPS -- 1.2.2 GLONASS -- 1.2.3 Galileo -- 1.3 GNSS Augmentation Systems -- 1.3.1 Differential GNSS-DGNSS -- 1.3.2 Wide Area Augmentation System-WAAS -- 1.3.3 European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service-EGNOS -- 1.3.4 Multi-Functional Satellite Augmentation System-MSAS -- 1.3.5 GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation-GAGAN -- 1.4 Critical Environments -- Chapter 2 Positioning Principles -- 2.1 Propagation Time -- 2.1.1 Time of Arrival-TOA -- 2.1.2 Time Difference of Arrival-TDOA -- 2.1.3 Round-Trip Time of Arrival-RTTOA -- 2.1.4 Comparison of Circular and Hyperbolic Positioning -- 2.2 Angle of Arrival-AOA -- 2.2.1 Two-Dimensional -- 2.2.2 Three-Dimensional -- 2.2.3 AOA in the Uplink -- 2.2.4 The Problem of Non-Line-of-Sight Propagation -- 2.3 Fingerprinting -- 2.3.1 Cell-ID -- 2.3.2 Received Signal Strength-RSS -- 2.3.3 Power Delay Profile-PDP -- Chapter 3 Measurements and Parameter Extraction -- 3.1 Parameter Estimation -- 3.1.1 The Estimation Problem -- 3.1.2 Cramé-Rao Lower Bound-CRLB -- 3.2 Propagation Time -- 3.2.1 Cramé-Rao Lower Bound for Time Estimation -- 3.2.2 Timing Estimation in White Gaussian Noise -- 3.3 Angle of Arrival-AOA -- 3.3.1 Uniform Linear Array Antenna -- 3.3.2 AOA Estimation in Additive White Gaussian Noise -- 3.3.3 Cramé-Rao Lower Bound for AOA Estimation -- Chapter 4 Position Estimation -- 4.1 Triangulation -- 4.1.1 Triangulation with Ideal Measurements -- 4.1.2 Triangulation with Erroneous Measurements -- 4.2 Trilateration -- 4.2.1 Trilateration with Ideal Measurements.
4.2.2 Trilateration with Erroneous Measurements -- 4.3 Multilateration -- 4.3.1 Multilateration with Ideal Measurements -- 4.3.2 Multilateration with Erroneous Measurements -- 4.4 Fingerprinting -- 4.5 Performance Bounds and Measures -- 4.5.1 Root Mean Square Error-RMSE -- 4.5.2 Cumulative Distribution Function-CDF -- 4.5.3 Circular Error Probability-CEP -- 4.5.4 Positioning Cramé-Rao Lower Bound-CRLB -- 4.5.5 Dilution of Precision-DOP -- 4.5.6 Complexity -- Chapter 5 Position Tracking -- 5.1 Kalman Filter -- 5.2 Extended Kalman Filter -- 5.3 Particle Filter -- 5.4 Further Approaches -- 5.4.1 Grid-Based Methods -- 5.4.2 Second Order Extended Kalman Filter -- 5.4.3 Unscented Kalman Filter -- 5.4.4 Gaussian Mixture Filter -- 5.4.5 Rao-Blackwellization -- 5.4.6 Map Matching -- Chapter 6 Scenarios and Models -- 6.1 Scenarios -- 6.1.1 Rural Environment -- 6.1.2 Urban Environment -- 6.1.3 Transition from Outdoor to Indoor -- 6.1.4 Indoor Environment -- 6.2 Channel Characterization -- 6.2.1 Channel Measurements -- 6.2.2 Ray Tracing -- 6.3 Channel Models -- 6.4 Mobility Models -- Chapter 7 Advanced Positioning Algorithms -- 7.1 Hybrid Data Fusion -- 7.1.1 General Hybrid Data Fusion Aspects -- 7.1.2 Extension of Derived Algorithms to More Sources -- 7.1.3 Simulation Results -- 7.2 Cooperative Positioning -- 7.2.1 General Cooperative Positioning Aspects -- 7.2.2 Example for Centralized Cooperative Positioning -- 7.2.3 Simulation Results -- 7.3 Multipath and Non-Line-of-Sight Mitigation -- Chapter 8 Systems -- 8.1 GSM -- 8.1.1 System Parameters -- 8.1.2 Measurements -- 8.1.3 Timing Advance-TA -- 8.1.4 Enhanced Observed Time Difference-EOTD -- 8.1.5 Uplink Time of Arrival-UTOA -- 8.1.6 Assisted GNSS-AGNSS -- 8.1.7 Cramé-Rao Lower Bounds -- 8.2 UMTS -- 8.2.1 System Parameters -- 8.2.2 Measurements.
8.2.3 Cell-ID and Enhanced Cell-ID Based -- 8.2.4 Observed Time Difference of Arrival-OTDOA -- 8.2.5 Comparison of UMTS and GSM -- 8.2.6 Cramé-Rao Lower Bounds -- 8.3 3GPP-LTE -- 8.3.1 System Parameters -- 8.3.2 Measurements -- 8.3.3 Synchronization -- 8.3.4 Cramé-Rao Lower Bounds -- 8.3.5 Performance Results -- 8.4 Other Wide and Medium Range Systems -- 8.4.1 WiMAX -- 8.4.2 WLAN -- 8.5 Short Range -- 8.5.1 Bluetooth -- 8.5.2 ZigBee -- 8.5.3 Ultra-Wideband-UWB -- 8.5.4 Radio-Frequency Identification and Near Feld Communication- RFID and NFC -- 8.6 Standardization -- Chapter 9 Applications -- 9.1 Macro Diversity -- 9.1.1 Cellular Diversity -- 9.1.2 Location-Based Synchronization for Cellular OFDM -- 9.1.3 Position Aware Adaptive Communications Systems -- 9.2 Radio Resource Management-RRM -- 9.2.1 Location-Based Inter-Cell Interference Coordination-ICIC -- 9.2.2 Location-Aided Relay Selection -- 9.3 Mobility Management -- 9.3.1 Location Assisted Handover Prediction for WiFi and LTE-Algorithm -- 9.3.2 Scenario -- 9.3.3 Summary of Results -- 9.4 Emergency Calls -- 9.5 Location-Based Services-LBS -- 9.5.1 Mobile and Location Aware Advertising -- 9.5.2 Social Networks -- 9.5.3 Navigation and Route Planning -- 9.5.4 Mobile Gaming -- 9.5.5 Disruptive Applications -- 9.5.6 Future Applications -- References -- Index.
Abstract:
Positioning in Wireless Communications Systems explains the principal differences and similarities of wireless communications systems and navigation systems. It discusses scenarios which are critical for dedicated navigation systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) and which motivate the use of positioning based on terrestrial wireless communication systems. The book introduces approaches for determination of parameters which are dependent on the position of the mobile terminal and also discusses iterative algorithms to estimate and track the position of the mobile terminal. Models for radio propagation and user mobility are important for performance investigations and assessments using computer simulations. Thus, channel and mobility models are explored, especially focussing on critical navigation environments like urban or indoor scenarios. Positioning in Wireless Communications Systems examines advanced algorithms such as hybrid data fusion of satellite navigation and positioning with wireless communications and cooperative positioning among mobile terminals.. The performance of the discussed positioning techniques are explored on the basis of already existing and operable terrestrial wireless communication systems such as GSM, UMTS, or LTE and it is shown how positioning issues are fixed in respective standards. Written by industry experts working at the cutting edge of technological development, the authors are well placed to give an excellent view on this topic, enabling in-depth coverage of current developments. Key features Unique in its approach to dealing with a heterogeneous system approach, different cell structures and signal proposals for future communications systems Covers hybrid positioning investigating how GNSS and wireless communications positioning complement each other Applications and exploitation of
positioning information are discussed to show the benefits of including this information in several parts of a wireless communications system.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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