
Events, Arguments, and Aspects : Topics in the Semantics of Verbs.
Title:
Events, Arguments, and Aspects : Topics in the Semantics of Verbs.
Author:
Robering, Klaus.
ISBN:
9789027270627
Personal Author:
Physical Description:
1 online resource (381 pages)
Series:
Studies in Language Companion Series ; v.152
Studies in Language Companion Series
Contents:
Events, Arguments, and Aspects -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Introduction: Events, arguments, and aspects -- 1. Two issues in the semantics of verbs -- 2. Arguments -- 2.1 Theories of argument structure -- 2.2 Introductory comments on the articles -- 3. Time, eventities, and aspect -- 3.1 Time -- 3.2 Eventities -- 3.3 Aspect -- 3.4 Introductory comments on the articles -- 4. Brief note on notation -- Bibliography -- part i Verb meaning and argument structure -- 1. Ergativity and the object-oriented representation of verb meaning -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The object-oriented paradigm -- 3. Polysemy and argument roles -- 4. Ergativity -- 5. Correlates of the ergative/absolutive distinction -- 5.1 Bondedness to the verb -- 5.2 Control phenomena -- 6. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 2. Grammatical metaphors and there-insertion in Danish -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Grammatical metaphors -- 3. Unaccusativity -- 4. The position of the logical subject -- 5. Aktionsart and event structure -- 6. The there-insertion constraint -- 7. Danish transitive verbs in there-constructions( -- 8. Formal analysis of transitive verbs -- 9. Arguments and topology( -- 10. Passives -- 11. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 3. Abstract objects of verbs -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Verbs and their arguments -- 1.2 Classifying linguistic signs -- 2. Explaining the theory -- 2.1 The traditional analysis -- 2.2 Types and polymorphism( -- 2.3 Representation by abstract objects -- 2.4 Identifying objects( -- 3. Types and representation -- 3.1 Types as data types -- 3.2 Uniqueness and elimination -- 4. Comprehension -- 4.1 Problems with functions -- 4.2 More problems -- 4.3 A way out (?) -- 5. Historical remarks -- 6. Appendix: Ackermann's original system -- 6.1 Axioms of propositional logic -- 6.2 Axioms of predicate logic.
6.3 Axioms for identity -- 6.4 Axioms of class theory -- 6.5 Rules -- Bibliography -- 4. Object-orientation and the semantics of verbs -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Object-orientation and its relevance to semantics -- 3. Modeling object-oriented: Unified Modeling Language (UML) -- 4. Verbal meaning -- 5. Object-oriented representation of verbal meaning: The basics -- 6. Multi-layered architecture -- 7. Eventity classes -- Bibliography -- Part II. Aspect and aktionsart -- 5. Aspectual coercion and eventuality structure -- 1. Introduction -- 2. A survey of eventuality structure -- 2.1 Aspectuality and eventuality structure -- 2.2 Sortal structure of eventualities -- 2.3 Intersortal structure of eventualities -- 3. A system of aspectual coercion -- 3.1 Coercion by durative adverbials -- 3.2 Coercion by time-span adverbials -- 3.3 Coercion by time-point adverbials -- 3.4 Coercion by the progressive -- 3.5 A two-stage approach: Aspectual coercion as pragmatic enrichment -- 4. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 6. Phases in verbal semantics -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Phasal verb research and the phasal verb interface complex -- 1.2 Classical and medieval reasoning on phasal verbs and its connection with modern theories -- 2. Modern approaches to phasal verbs -- 2.1 Phasal verbs and the notion of boundedness (Jackendoff) -- 2.2 Explaining polysemy and underspecification in phasal verbs (Pustejovsky) -- 2.3 Interval semantics and phasal verbs (Partee & Bennett) -- 3. A model for the description of phasal verbs -- 3.1 Simple phase semantics: SPS -- 3.2 Conceptual completeness: CC -- 3.3 Time condition: TC -- 3.4 Restricted categorical selection: RCS -- 3.5 Participant reconstruction: PR -- 4. Conclusion and perspectives -- Bibliography -- 7. How light are aspectual meanings? A study of the relation between light verbs in Ukrainian.
1. Theoretical and methodological preliminaries -- 1.1 Grammatical aspects vs. aktionsarten -- 1.2 Lexical aspects -- 1.3 Definitions and diagnostic tests for lexical aspects -- 1.4 Aspectual coercion -- 1.5 Light verbs -- 1.6 Two functional approaches to grammar -- 1.7 Dictionary definitions and semantic knowledge -- 2. Empirical base and methodological procedure -- 2.1 Some observations about the definitions in SUM (2004) -- 2.2 Analytical procedure -- 3. Types of light verbs -- 3.1 Lightness vs. frequency -- 3.2 Compensators, modifiers and complicators -- 3.3 Semantic relations between light verbs as defining units -- 3.4 Semantic types of objects of light verbs -- 3.5 Light verbs and lexical aspects -- 4. Vendlerian lexical aspects -- 4.1 States -- 4.2 Activities -- 4.3 Achievements -- 4.4 Accomplishments -- 5. Conclusions: Light verbs, aktionsarten, and lexical aspects -- Bibliography -- 8. The 'say, do' verb in Nyulnyul, Warrwa, and other Nyulnyulan languages is monosemic -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Morphology -- 3. {-JI} 'say' as a simple verb -- 4. {-Ji} 'say' in compound verb constructions -- 5. On the meaning of {-JI} 'say' -- 6. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 9. Predicate classes: A study in compositional semantics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Discussing the state of the art -- 3. What are the criterial features for classification? -- 3.1 States and properties -- 3.2 Events -- 3.3 Durativity -- 3.4 Resultativity -- 3.5 Perfectivity and imperfectivity -- 3.6 A short note on ambiguity and underspecification -- 3.7 Punctuality -- 3.8 Summary -- 4. Classification according to verbal aspect and elementary predicates -- 4.1 Descriptive classification based on verbal aspect and argument structure -- 4.2 Resultativity and causativity -- 4.3 Resultativity without BECOME -- 4.4 Lexical entries for all classes -- 4.5 Some more examples.
5. Prospectus: Predicate classes, tense and aspect -- 5.1 "Tense" is a characteristic function -- 5.2 Form and interpretation of inflection -- 5.3 Sentential aspect, temporal adverbials and the German perfect tense -- 6. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index of names -- Index of objects.
Abstract:
The aspectual interpretation of sentences is constrained by the truth conditions predicates impose on points of times or time intervals. Using data from English, Vendler (1967) established a classification of four verb types on these grounds, that has been widely accepted in linguistic theory. Various researchers, among them Dowty (1979) for English and Ehrich (1992) for German, have proposed finer grained classifications. This paper is very much in the spirit of these proposals. Our aim is a detailed model of the compositional lexical semantics of predicates that models the contrasts of verbal aspect by implicit temporal arguments in the logical characterisation, thereby yielding a concise classification. Punctual and durative predicates are distinct through having either points in time or intervals as implicit temporal arguments. Truth intervals of predicates can be closed or open resulting in the telicity or atelicity of a verb. It is argued that resultativity must, in addition, be introduced by a secondary predicate denoting a result. This predicate may also be implicit. If it is explicit, however, it has the status of a syntactic argument. Since the secondary predicate is subject to a truth interval of its own, the verbal aspect of resultatives must be more complex than that of nonresultatives. Moreover, transitive and intransitive resultatives combine diverse kinds of elementary predicates such as ACT, BECOME, CAUSE Predicating over elementary events, licensing different argument structures and yielding specific truth conditions on times. Finally, a classification of 15 kinds of predicates is established on the basis of compositional complexity.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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