CONTENTS -- SOLID EARTH (SE) -- Tracking the High-Frequency Energy Radiation Sources of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman MW 9.0 Earthquake Using the Short-Period Seismic Data: Preliminary Result H.-L. Du, L.-S. Xu, Y.-T. Chen, C.-L. Li and K. Stammler -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data -- 3. Method -- 4. Correction for the Slowness Vectors Using Aftershocks -- 5. Tracking the Energy Sources -- 6. Discussion and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Rupture Process of the 2005 Southern Asian (Pakistan) MW 7.6 Earthquake from Long-Period Waveform Data Y. Zhang, Y.-T. Chen and L.-S. Xu -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data and Processing -- 3. Spatio-temporal and Rupture Process -- 4. Discussion and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Seismic Characteristics of Strong Deep Focal Earthquakes and Associated Phenomena in Northeastern Asia J. Wang, X.-S. He and Y.-Q. Li -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Seismic Data -- 3. Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Deep Focal Earthquakes -- 3.1. Wavelet analysis on temporal-frequency characteristics -- 3.2. Relative active and quiet periods of deep focal earthquakes -- 3.3. Spatial distribution of strong deep focal earthquakes -- 4. Characteristics of Strong Shallow Earthquakes and Tests -- 4.1. Spatial-temporal distribution of strong shallow earthquakes -- 4.2. Test of seismic characteristics -- 4.3. Seismic characteristics of Northeastern China -- 4.4. Mechanism of the relationship between strong shallow earthquakes and great deep focal earthquakes -- 5. Discussion and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Moho Depths in the Indian Ocean Based on the Inversion of Satellite Gravity Data D. N. Arabelos, G. Mantzios and D. Tsoulis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data -- 2.1. Gravity anomalies -- 2.2. Digital terrain model -- 2.3. CRUST 2.0 -- 2.4. Altimetry -- 3. Inversion of the Gravity Anomalies Using LSC.

4. Assessment of the Estimated Moho Depths in the Indian Ocean -- 4.1. Based on the comparison with CRUST 2.0 -- 4.2. Based on isostatic reductions on JASON 1 altimeter data using Airy or the computed model -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Post Earthquake Debris Management - an Overview R. Sarkar -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Post Earthquake Debris Separation -- 2.1. Vegetative debris -- 2.2. Non-vegetative debris -- 3. Post Earthquake Debris Management Plan -- 4. Selection of Post Earthquake Debris Collection and Storage Sites -- 5. Types of Earthquake Debris Disposal Sites -- 6. Transportation of Post Earthquake Debris -- 8. Post Earthquake Debris Management Related to Various Phases after the Disaster -- 9. Basic Rules for the Post Earthquake Debris Management -- 10. Post Earthquake Debris Management Related to Night Soil, Garbage Collection, and Collapsed Structures -- 11. Emergency Management Perspectives for Post Earthquake Debris Clearance -- 12. Conclusion -- References -- OCEAN SCIENCE (OS) -- Buried and Surface Polymetallic Nodule Distribution in the Eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone: Main Distinctions and Similarities R. Kotlinski and V. Stoyanova -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geological Setting of the IOM Exploration Area -- 3. Nodule Types and Distribution Pattern -- 4. Buried Nodules Phenomenon -- 4.1. Relationship with topography and sediments -- 4.2. Vertical distribution pattern -- 4.3. Size -- 4.4. Appearance -- 4.5. Abundance -- 4.6. Chemistry -- 5. Discussions -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Iron Organic Complexation in the Oligotrophic Subtropical Waters in the Tasman Sea F. Tian, R. Frew, R. Strzepek and M. Ellwood -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 3. Results -- 3.1. Surface transect -- 3.2. Vertical pro.les/subsurface waters -- 3.2.1. Hydrology, macronutrients, and biomass.

3.2.2. Dissolved iron and iron complexation -- 4. Discussion -- 4.1. Iron organic speciation -- 4.2. Deck incubation results -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Coastal Processes with Improved Tidal Opening in Chilika Lagoon (East Coast of India) G. Jayaraman and A. Dube -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Description of Study Area and Details about the New Mouth Opening -- 3. Observations for Surface Water Current, Salinity, and Plankton of Chilika Lagoon (Pre- and Post-mouth Opening) -- 4. Modeling the Circulation, Salinity, and Ecology of Chilika Lagoon (Pre- and Post-mouth Opening) -- 4.1. Modeling the hydrodynamics and salinity of Chilika Lagoon -- 4.2. Ecological model -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE (AS) -- Semi-Idealized COAMPS Simulations of Sumatra Squall Lines: The Role of Boundary Forcing L. Yi and H. Lim -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Model Con.guration -- 3. Experiment Design -- 4. Simulation Results -- 4.1. Initiation and timing -- 4.2. Land-sea circulation and convection interaction -- 4.3. Enhancement and migration -- 4.4. Topographic effect -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Sand Dust Weather in Beijing from the Late 19th Century X. Z. Zhang and X. Fang -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Description of the data source -- 2.2. Data assessment -- 2.3. Method -- 3. Analysis Results -- 3.1. Yearly sand dust days -- 3.2. Correlation between sand dust days in spring and wet/dry and warm/cold -- 4. Discussion and Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Ensemble Projection of Climate Change in East Asia C.-M. Liu, Y.-C. Chen, S.-F. Chen, S. Paul, S.-H. Lin, Y.-C. Lee, M.-C. Wu, R.-Y. Tzeng, H.-H. Hsu and C.-T. Chen -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data and Methodology -- 3. Climate Change in 2040-2050 and 2090-2100 with Respect to 1990-2000 -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References.

Atmospheric Deposition of Nutrients and its Role on Coastal Eutrophication in Southeast Asia S. Palani, R. Balasubramanian, S. Karthikeyan and P. Tkalich -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background -- 3. Methodology -- 4. Results and Discussions -- 4.1. Dry deposition fluxes -- 4.2. Wet deposition fluxes -- 4.3. Water quality model -- 4.4. Case study for Singapore coastal water eutrophication -- 5. Conclusions and Outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Study of Temporal Variation of Equatorial Tropopause Due to Atmospheric Waves in CPEA Campaign 2004 at Koto Tabang, Indonesia S. K. Dhaka, R. Bhatnagar, Y. Shibagaki, S. Fukao, T. Kozu, V. Malik, S. Malik and A. Dutta -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The Winter Anomaly of the Night-to-Day Ratio of Ozone in the Middle to Upper Mesosphere in Middle Latitudes - A Comparison Between Measurements and Model Calculations G. R. Sonnemann, P. Hartogh, C. Jarchow, M. Grygalashvyly and U. Berger -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Microwave Measurements of Ozone -- 3. Model Calculations by LIMA -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- MM5 Simulated Evolution and Structure of Typhoon Vamei (2001) F. T. Tangang, L. Juneng and C. J. Reason -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Model Configuration -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1. Model validation -- 3.2. Horizontal structure -- 3.3. Vertical structure -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Influences of Secondary Chemical Gas Processes on PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 Concentrations Over the Korean Coast H. Choi and M. S. Speer -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodology and Data -- 2.1. Instruments and experiment -- 2.2. Topography in study area and model domain -- 3. Synoptic Overview -- 4. Result and Discussion -- 4.1. Aerosol mass concentration -- 4.2. Effect of upwind PM transport.

5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Seasonal Variation Characteristics of Gradient of Refractivity Over a Humid Region of India S. Duttagupta -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Determination of dN/dH -- 3. Results -- 3.1. Season: winter, height: 4-120 m, Time: 0:00 GMT -- 3.2. Season: winter, height: 4-120 m, time: 12:00 GMT -- 3.3. Season: winter height: 120-800 m, time: 0:00 GMT -- 3.4. Season: winter, height: 120-800 m, time: 12:00 GMT -- 3.5. Season: summer, height: 4-120 m, time: 0:00 GMT -- 3.6. Season: summer, height: 4-120 m, time: 12:00 GMT -- 3.7. Season: summer, height: 120-800 m, time: 0:00GMT -- 3.8. Season: summer, height: 120-800 m, time: 12:00 GMT -- 3.9. Ducting condition -- 4. Discussion and Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References.