Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Introduction -- References -- 2. Spectroscopic Techniques for Studying Optical Properties of Nanomaterials -- 2.1. UV-visible electronic absorption spectroscopy -- 2.1.1. Operating principle: Beer's law -- 2.1.2. Instrument: UV-visible spectrometer -- 2.1.3. Spectrum and interpretation -- 2.2. Photoluminescence and electroluminescence spectroscopy -- 2.2.1. Operating principle -- 2.2.2. Instrumentation: spectrofluorometer -- 2.2.3. Spectrum and interpretation -- 2.2.4. Electroluminescence (EL) -- 2.3. Infrared (IR) and Raman vibrational spectroscopy -- 2.3.1. IR spectroscopy -- 2.3.2. Raman spectroscopy -- 2.4. Time-resolved optical spectroscopy -- 2.5. Nonlinear optical spectroscopy: harmonic generation and up-conversion -- 2.6. Single nanoparticle and single molecule spectroscopy -- 2.7. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) -- 2.8. Summary -- References -- 3. Other Experimental Techniques: Electron Microscopy and X-ray -- 3.1. Microscopy: AFM, STM, SEM and TEM -- 3.1.1. Scanning probe microscopy (SPM): AFM and STM -- 3.1.2. Electron microscopy: SEM and TEM -- 3.2. X-ray: XRD, XPS, and XAFS, SAXS -- 3.3. Electrochemistry and photoelectrochemistry -- 3.4. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron spin resonance (ESR) -- 3.4.1. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) -- 3.4.2. Electron spin resonance (ESR) -- 3.5. Summary -- References -- 4. Synthesis and Fabrication of Nanomaterials -- 4.1. Solution chemical methods -- 4.1.1. General principle for solution-based colloidal nanoparticle synthesis -- 4.1.2. Metal nanomaterials -- 4.1.3. Semiconductor nanomaterials -- 4.1.4. Metal oxides -- 4.1.5. Complex nanostructures -- 4.1.6. Composite and hetero-junction nanomaterials -- 4.2. Gas or vapor-based methods of synthesis: CVD, MOCVD and MBE -- 4.2.1. Metals -- 4.2.2. Semiconductors -- 4.2.3. Metal oxides.

4.2.4. Complex and composite structures -- 4.3. Nanolithography techniques -- 4.4. Bioconjugation -- 4.5. Toxicity and green chemistry approaches for synthesis -- 4.6. Summary -- References -- 5. Optical Properties of Semiconductor Nanomaterials -- 5.1. Some basic concepts about semiconductors -- 5.1.1. Crystal structure and phonons -- 5.1.2. Electronic energy bands and bandgap -- 5.1.3. Electron and hole effective masses -- 5.1.4. Density-of-states, Fermi energy, and carrier concentration -- 5.1.5. Charge carrier mobility and conductivity -- 5.1.6. Exciton, exciton binding energy, and exciton Bohr radius -- 5.1.7. Fundamental optical absorption due to electronic transitions -- 5.1.8. Trap states and large surface-to-volume ratio -- 5.2. Energy levels and density of states in reduced dimension systems -- 5.2.1. Energy levels -- 5.2.2. Density of states (DOS) in nanomaterials -- 5.2.3. Size dependence of absorption coefficient, oscillator strength, and exciton lifetime -- 5.3. Electronic structure and electronic properties -- 5.3.1. Electronic structure of nanomaterials -- 5.3.2. Electron-phonon interaction -- 5.4. Optical properties of semiconductor nanomaterials -- 5.4.1. Absorption: direct and indirect bandgap transitions -- 5.4.2. Emission: photoluminescence and Raman scattering -- 5.4.3. Emission: chemiluminescence and electroluminescence -- 5.4.4. Optical properties of assembled nanostructures: interaction between nanoparticles -- 5.4.5. Shape dependent optical properties -- 5.5. Doped semiconductors: absorption and luminescence -- 5.6. Nonlinear optical properties -- 5.6.1. Absorption saturation and harmonic generation -- 5.6.2. Luminescence up-conversion -- 5.7. Optical properties of single particles -- 5.8. Summary -- References -- 6. Optical Properties of Metal Oxide Nanomaterials -- 6.1. Optical absorption -- 6.2. Optical emission.

6.3. Other optical properties: doped and sensitized metal oxides -- 6.4. Nonlinear optical properties: luminescence up-conversion (LUC) -- 6.5. Summary -- References -- 7. Optical Properties of Metal Nanomaterials -- 7.1. Strong absorption and lack of photoemission -- 7.2. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) -- 7.3. Correlation between structure and SPR: a theoretical perspective -- 7.3.1. Effects of size and surface on SPR of metal nanoparticles -- 7.3.2. The effect of shape on SPR -- 7.3.3. The effect of substrate on SPR -- 7.3.4. Effect of particle-particle interaction on SPR -- 7.4. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) -- 7.4.1. Background of SERS -- 7.4.2. Mechanism of SERS -- 7.4.3. Distance dependence of SERS -- 7.4.4. Location and orientation dependence of SERS -- 7.4.5. Dependence of SERS on substrate -- 7.4.6. Single nanoparticle and single molecule SERS -- 7.5. Summary -- References -- 8. Optical Properties of Composite Nanostructures -- 8.1. Inorganic semiconductor-insulator and semiconductor-semiconductor -- 8.2. Inorganic metal-insulator -- 8.3. Inorganic semiconductor-metal -- 8.4. Inorganic-organic (polymer) -- 8.4.1. Nonconjugated polymers -- 8.4.2. Conjugated polymers -- 8.5. Inorganic-biological materials -- 8.6. Summary -- References -- 9. Charge Carrier Dynamics in Nanomaterials -- 9.1. Experimental techniques for dynamics studies in nanomaterials -- 9.2. Electron and photon relaxation dynamics in metal nanomaterials -- 9.2.1. Electronic dephasing and spectral line shape -- 9.2.2. Electronic relaxation due to electron-phonon interaction -- 9.2.3. Photon relaxation dynamics -- 9.3. Charge carrier dynamics in semiconductor nanomaterials -- 9.3.1. Spectral line width and electronic dephasing -- 9.3.2. Intraband charge carrier energy relaxation -- 9.3.3. Charge carrier trapping.

9.3.4. Interband electron-hole recombination or single excitonic delay -- 9.3.5. Charge carrier dynamics in doped semiconductor nanomaterials -- 9.3.6. Nonlinear charge carrier dynamics -- 9.4. Charge carrier dynamics in metal oxide and insulator nanomaterials -- 9.5. Photoinduced charge transfer dynamics -- 9.6. Summary -- References -- 10. Applications of Optical Properties of Nanomaterials -- 10.1. Chemical and biomedical detection, imaging and therapy -- 10.1.1. Luminescence-based detection -- 10.1.2. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection -- 10.1.3. SERS for detection -- 10.1.4. Chemical and biochemical imaging -- 10.1.5. Biomedical therapy -- 10.2. Energy conversion: PV and PEC -- 10.2.1. PV solar cells -- 10.2.2. Photoelectrochemical cells (PEC) -- 10.3. Environmental protection: photocatalytic and photochemical reactions -- 10.4. Lasers, LEDs, and solid state lighting -- 10.4.1. Lasing and lasers -- 10.4.2. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) -- 10.4.3. Solid state lighting: ACPEL -- 10.4.4. Optical detectors -- 10.5. Optical filters: photonic bandgap materials or photonic crystals -- 10.6. Summary -- References -- Index.