Rural Capitalist Development in The Jordan Valley : The case of Deir Alla - The Rise and Demise of Social Groups.
Title:
Rural Capitalist Development in The Jordan Valley : The case of Deir Alla - The Rise and Demise of Social Groups.
Author:
Tarawneh, Mohamed F.
ISBN:
9789088902482
Personal Author:
Physical Description:
1 online resource (114 pages)
Contents:
Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Introduction -- 1.1 The Problem -- 1.2 Some Theoretical Considerations -- 1.3 The Study Location -- 1.3.1 Geographical and Ecological Setting -- 1.4 Aims and Objectives -- 1.5 Historical Background -- 1.6 Fieldwork -- 1.6.1 Research Methods -- Chapter 2 -- Patterns of Land Ownership in the Jordan Valley -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Trans-Jordan under Ottoman Rule -- 2.2.1 Land Distribution -- 2.2.2 Land Concentration in the Period 1858-1930s in Deir Alla -- 2.3 The Dissolution of the mushac System: The Emergence of Private Property: -- 2.3.1 The Land Settlement of 1933 -- 2.4 The Transition Period: The Land Reform Programme of the 1960s -- Chapter 3 -- The "Harrath" Economy - A Subsistence Economy -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Old Irrigation System -- 3.3 "Harrath" as a Social Relation of Production -- 3.3.1 Clan as a Social Unit: Social Stratification between Different Clans -- 3.4 Social Differentiation within the Territory -- 3.4.1 The Process of Labour -- 3.4.2 Harrath Social Relation of Production: A Common Perspective -- 3.5 Conclusion -- Chapter 4 -- The demise of the harrath economy -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Rise of a New Group of Landowners -- 4.3 The Palestinian Exodus -- 4.4 USAID Involvement in the Jordan Valley -- 4.5 Credit Mechanisms -- 4.5.1 The Transition in Credit Sources -- 4.5.2 Institutional Sources of Credit -- 4.5.3 The Debt Trap -- 4.6 Government Agricultural Policies -- 4.6.1 Al-Namat al-Zeracy -- 4.6.2 Agro-Industry -- 4.7 Jordan Valley Authority (JVA) -- 4.8 Conclusion -- Chapter 5 -- The Social Organizations of Production -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Organization of Wage Labour -- 5.2.1 Female Wage Labour -- 5.2.2 Arab Migrant Wage Labour Organization -- 5.3 Absentee-Tenancy: Sharecropping-Tenancy Relations -- 5.4 Small Owner Intensive-Capital Organization.
5.5 Sharecropping Organization: International Migrant Labour -- 5.6 Family-Labour Organization -- 5.6.1 Notes on the Cost/Benefit Analyses -- 5.7 Absentee Landlordism (Pyramid Bayarah type of Organization) -- 5.8 Merchants -- 5.8.1 Merchants of the Basic Production Inputs -- 5.8.2 Commissioners -- Chapter 6 -- Synthesis -- Chapter 7 -- Deir Alla, 11 years after -- 7.1 Tenancy -- 7.2 Bayarah -- 7.3 Family-Labour Farms -- 7.4 Pakistani -- 7.5 Egyptians -- 7.6 Agricultural Engineers Cooperatives -- 7.8 New Deterioration -- 7.9 Predictions -- Appendices -- Bibliography -- About the author -- Arabic Summary.
Abstract:
The case of Deir Alla is a social and economic case study of developing Third World agriculture. The study is based upon historical sources, contemporary public information with statistics, and field work in the Jordanian village of Deir Alla. This fieldwork took place in 1986 and a report was prepared in 1989. For this publication additional field work in 1997 accounted for the rapidly changing social and economic situation.The Ottoman feudal system, with the local harrath (ploughman) economy, changed gradually to private ownership since 1936, affecting the social relations of production. From 1950 onwards this development was strongly influenced by a sudden population increase (Palestinian refugees), the East Ghor irrigation system, the strong promotion of vegetable production and new technologies and institutions. Share cropping became the dominant feature of agrarian relations, but during the last decades international migrant labour expanded the wage labour system.Some types of production organization, such as the small-owner-family-labour system, proved to be more successful than others, but with the current difficult economic situation the debt trap is felt by many of these small owners.The book is important for the understanding of the social and economic history of the region, showing the dynamics of social change, but also because of its thorough analysis of the current situation, assessing theoretical models and predicting developments in a rapidly changing agricultural world.Mohamed Fayez Tarawneh is Associate Professor at Yarmouk University, specialized in the Anthropology of development and particularly interested in rural development and social change. Furthermore, he is the general manager of the Hashemite Fund for the Development of Jordan Badia. Some of his major publications concern a historical and social geographic study of
the Jordanian town and countryside of Kerak, the participatory development in Wadi Araba and Poverty in Jordan.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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