Multicatalyst System in Asymmetric Catalysis -- Contents -- Preface -- Contributors -- 1 Toward Ideal Asymmetric Catalysis -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Challenges to Realize Ideal Asymmetric Catalysis -- 1.3 Solutions -- 1.4 Borrow ideas from Nature -- 1.5 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Multicatalyst System -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Models of Substrate Activation -- 2.2.1 The Activation of Electrophiles -- 2.2.2 The Activation of Nucleophiles -- 2.2.3 SOMO Catalysis -- 2.3 Early Examples of the Application of Multicatalyst System in Asymmetric Catalysis -- 2.4 A General Introduction of Multicatalyst-Promoted Asymmetric Reactions -- 2.5 Classification of Multicatalyst-Promoted Asymmetric Reactions -- 2.6 Challenges and Possible Solutions -- 2.7 Multicatalyst System Versus Multifunctional Catalyst -- 2.8 Multicatalyst System Versus Additives-Enhanced Catalysis -- 2.9 Additive-Enhanced Catalysis -- 2.9.1 Nitrogen-containing Organobase -- 2.9.2 Inorganic Bases -- 2.9.3 H2O -- 2.9.4 Molecular Sieves and Dehydrators -- 2.9.5 N-oxide, P-oxide, and As-oxide -- 2.9.6 Alcohols and Phenols -- 2.9.7 Ammonium Halides and Metal Halides -- 2.9.8 Amides -- 2.9.9 Brønsted Acids and Lewis Acids -- 2.9.10 Two or More Additives Together -- 2.10 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Asymmetric Multifunctional Catalysis -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Asymmetric Multifunctional Organocatalysis -- 3.2.1 H-Bond Donor-Tertiary Amine Catalysis -- 3.2.2 H-Bond Donor-Enamine Catalysis -- 3.2.3 H-Bond Donor-Phase Transfer Catalysis -- 3.2.4 H-Bond Donor-Tertiary Phosphine Catalysis -- 3.2.5 Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalysis -- 3.2.6 Asymmetric Bifunctional Salt Catalysis -- 3.2.7 Miscellaneous -- 3.3 Asymmetric Hybrid Organo/Metal Catalysis -- 3.3.1 Brønsted Base/Lewis Acid Bifunctional Catalysis -- 3.3.2 Lewis Base/Lewis Acid Bifunctional Catalysis.

3.3.3 Brønsted Acid/Lewis Acid Bifunctional Catalysis -- 3.3.4 Enamine/Lewis Acid Bifunctional Catalysis -- 3.3.5 Hemilable Trisoxazolines -- 3.4 Asymmetric Multifunctional Multimetallic Catalysis -- 3.4.1 Asymmetric Multifunctional Heteromultimetallic Catalysis -- 3.4.2 Asymmetric Multifunctional Homomultimetallic Catalysis -- 3.5 Anion-Enabled Bifunctional Asymmetric Catalysis -- 3.5.1 Ammonium Fluorides or Metal Fluorides -- 3.5.2 Metal Phosphates -- 3.5.3 Metal Carboxylates -- 3.5.4 Ammonium or Metal Aryloxides -- 3.5.5 Hydroxides and Alkoxides -- 3.5.6 Metal Amides -- 3.6 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Asymmetric Cooperative Catalysis -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Catalytic Asymmetric Michael Addition Reaction -- 4.2.1 Combining Multiple Metal Catalysts -- 4.2.2 Combining Two Distinct Organocatalysts -- 4.2.3 Combining Metal Catalyst with Organocatalyst -- 4.3 Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich Reaction -- 4.3.1 Combining Lewis Acid Catalyst and Brønsted Base Catalyst -- 4.3.2 Combining Brønsted Acid Catalyst and Lewis Acid Catalyst -- 4.3.3 Combining Brønsted Acid Catalyst and Secondary Amine Catalyst -- 4.4 Catalytic Asymmetric Conia-ENE Reaction -- 4.4.1 Combining Chiral Lewis Acid and Achiral Lewis Acid -- 4.4.2 Combining Chiral Brønsted Base and Achiral Lewis Acid -- 4.5 Catalytic Asymmetric Umpolung Reaction -- 4.5.1 Combining NHC Catalyst and Lewis Acid Catalyst -- 4.5.2 Combining NHC Catalyst and Brønsted Acid Catalyst -- 4.6 Catalytic Asymmetric Cyanosilylation Reaction -- 4.7 -Alkylation Reaction of Carbonyl Compounds -- 4.7.1 -Alkylation of Carbonyl Compounds using Alcohols as Alkylation Reagents -- 4.7.2 -Alkylation of Carbonyl Compounds through Benzylic CH Bond Oxidation -- 4.8 Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation Reaction -- 4.8.1 Combining Achiral Transition Metal with Chiral LUMO-Lowering Catalysis.

4.8.2 Combining Chiral Transition Metal Catalysis with Achiral Organocatalyst -- 4.9 Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol-Type Reaction -- 4.10 Catalytic Asymmetric (Aza)-Morita-Baylis-Hillman Reaction -- 4.10.1 Chiral Lewis Base/Achiral Acid Cocatalyzed (aza)-MBH Reaction -- 4.10.2 Achiral Lewis Base/Chiral Acid Cocatalyzed (aza)-MBH Reaction -- 4.11 Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation Reaction -- 4.12 Catalytic Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reaction -- 4.12.1 [2 + 2] Reaction -- 4.12.2 [4 + 2] Reaction -- 4.13 Catalytic Asymmetric NH Insertion Reaction -- 4.14 Catalytic Asymmetric -Functionalization of Aldehydes -- 4.15 Miscellaneous Reaction -- 4.16 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Asymmetric Double Activation Catalysis by Multicatalyst System -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Double Activation by Aminocatalysis and Lewis Base Catalysis -- 5.3 Asymmetric Double Primary Amine and BrØnsted Acid Catalysis -- 5.3.1 Diels-Alder (DA)Reaction -- 5.3.2 Michael Addition -- 5.3.3 Epoxidation -- 5.3.4 Miscellaneous Reaction -- 5.4 Asymmetric Double Metal and BrØnsted Base Catalysis -- 5.4.1 [3 + 2] Cycloaddition -- 5.4.2 Aldol Reaction -- 5.4.3 Miscellaneous Reactions -- 5.5 Asymmetric H-bond Donor Catalysis and Lewis Base Catalysis -- 5.6 Sequential Double Activation Catalysis -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Asymmetric Assisted Catalysis by Multicatalyst System -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Asymmetric Assisted Catalysis within Acids and Bases -- 6.2.1 Acid Assisted Acid Catalysis -- 6.2.2 Base Assisted Brønsted Acid Catalysis -- 6.2.3 Lewis Base Assisted Brønsted Base Catalysis -- 6.2.4 Acid Assisted Base Catalysis -- 6.2.5 Miscellaneous -- 6.3 Modulation of a Metal Complex by a Chiral Ligand -- 6.3.1 Modulation of a Chiral Metal Complex with a Chiral Ligand -- 6.3.2 Asymmetric Deactivation, Activation, and Deactivation/Activation.

6.3.3 Asymmetric Activation of Racemic Catalysts Bearing Tropos Ligand -- 6.4 Supramolecular-Type Assisted Catalysis -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Asymmetric Catalysis Facilitated by Photochemical or Electrochemical Methods -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Catalytic Asymmetric Reaction Facilitated by Photochemical Method -- 7.2.1 Asymmetric Oxidation Reactions -- 7.2.2 -Functionalization of Tertiary Amines -- 7.2.3 -Functionalization of Aldehydes -- 7.2.4 [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reaction -- 7.2.5 Miscellaneous Reactions -- 7.3 Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions Facilitated by Electrochemical Method -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Multicatalyst System Realized Asymmetric Tandem Reactions -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.1.1 Basic Models of MSRATR -- 8.1.2 Challenges and Solutions for the Development of MSRATR -- 8.2 Multicatalyst Systems of Homocombination -- 8.2.1 By Multiple Metal Catalysts -- 8.2.2 By Multiple Organocatalysts -- 8.2.3 By Multiple Enzymes -- 8.3 Hetero Combination System Realized MSRATR -- 8.3.1 By Combination of Metal and Organocatalysts -- 8.3.2 By Combination of Metal Catalysis and Biocatalysis -- 8.3.3 By Combination of Organocatalysis and Biocatalysis -- 8.4 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Waste-Mediated Reactions -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Historical Background -- 9.3 Waste-Promoted Single Reactions -- 9.3.1 Waste Act as a Brønsted Base -- 9.3.2 By-product as Lewis Base -- 9.4 By-Products as Acidic Promoter -- 9.5 Waste-Promoted Tandem Reactions -- 9.6 Waste-Catalyzed Tandem Reactions -- 9.7 Conclusions -- References -- 10 Multicatalyst System Mediated Asymmetric Reactions in Total Synthesis -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Application of Multicatalyst System Mediated Single Reactions -- 10.3 Application of Multicatalyst Mediated Tandem Reaction -- 10.4 Conclusion -- References -- Index -- EULA.