Contents -- Acknowledgements -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- List of Charts -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Rich Memory Models and Cognition in Linguistic Evolution -- 1.1.1 Rich Memory Storage: The Exemplar Model and the Formation of Categories -- 1.1.2 The Exemplar Model vs. the Prototype Model -- 1.1.3 The Exemplar Model and Diachronic Data -- 1.1.4 Analogical Extension -- 1.1.5 Chunking, Analyzability, and Compositionality -- 1.1.6 Grammaticalization -- 1.2 Usage-Based Analysis -- 1.2.1 Constructionalist Approaches to Usage-Based Linguistic Analysis -- 1.2.2 Diachronic Construction Grammar -- 1.3 The Construction quedar(se) + ADJ -- 1.4 Productivity and quedar(se) + ADJ -- 1.5 Research Overview -- Chapter 2 'Becoming' in Spanish -- 2.1 An Overview of 'Becoming' in Spanish -- 2.2 Accounting for Expressions of 'Becoming' without Examining Usage -- 2.3 Testing Criteria for Usage in Change-of-State Expressions -- 2.4 Categorization of Verb + Adjective Combinations through Speaker Experience -- 2.4.1 The Similarity Experiment -- 2.4.2 The Acceptability Experiment -- 2.5 Lexical Persistence in Verbs of 'Becoming' -- 2.6 Conclusion -- Chapter 3 Data and Methods -- 3.1 Data Source: The Quedar(se) + ADJ Database (QAD) -- 3.2 Data Extraction -- 3.3 Method of Semantic Analysis and Category Formation -- 3.3.1 Central Members of Gradient Adjective Categories -- 3.3.2 The Category Centered on quedar(se) muerto 'To Be Left Dead' in the 1600s -- 3.3.3 Opposites -- 3.3.4 Prepositional Phrases in quedar(se) + ADJ -- 3.4 Conclusion -- Chapter 4 Overview of quedar(se) + ADJ through Time -- 4.1 Overview -- 4.2 Productivity and quedar(se) + ADJ -- 4.3 Overview of quedar(se) + ADJ Types, Tokens, and Frequency through Time -- 4.3.1 Conventionalized Instances of Constructions (CICs) -- 4.3.2 Prefabs.

4.3.3 The Rise of quedar and the Demise of fincar -- 4.3.4 The Endurance of quedar(se) + ADJ and the Emergence of other Expressions of 'Becoming' -- 4.3.5 Emergence of quedar(se) + ADJ -- 4.4 Summary -- Chapter 5 The solo 'Alone' Clusters: Continual Expansion with a Robust Central Member -- 5.1 The solo Clusters in the 1200s -- 5.2 The solo Clusters in the 1300s -- 5.3 The solo Clusters in the 1400s -- 5.4 The solo Clusters in the 1500s -- 5.5 The solo Clusters in the 1600s -- 5.6 The solo Clusters in the 1700s -- 5.7 The solo Clusters in the 1800s -- 5.8 Overview of Clusters Centering on solo -- 5.8.1 Quedar(se) solo as a Prefab -- 5.8.2 Quedar(se) solo: Frequency of the Category's Central Member -- 5.8.3 Type Frequency and Productivity in the quedar(se) + solo Clusters -- 5.9 Conclusion -- Chapter 6 The rico / pobre 'Rich / Poor' Clusters: The Relationship of Opposites in Category Development -- 6.1 The rico / pobre Clusters in the 1200s -- 6.2 The rico / pobre Clusters in the 1300s -- 6.3 The rico / pobre Clusters in the 1400s -- 6.4 The rico / pobre Clusters in the 1500s -- 6.5 The rico / pobre Clusters in the 1600s -- 6.6 The rico / pobre Clusters in the 1700s -- 6.7 The rico / pobre Clusters in the 1800s -- 6.8 Overview of the rico / pobre 'Rich / Poor' Clusters -- 6.8.1 Categorical Strength in Opposites: A los pobres como a los ricos 'To the Poor as to the Rich' -- 6.8.2 Token Frequency: Waxing and Waning -- 6.8.3 Type Frequency and Productivity in the quedar(se) rico / pobre Clusters -- 6.9 Conclusion -- Chapter 7 The alegre / satisfecho 'Happy / Satisfied' Clusters: Family Resemblance and Changing Central Members -- 7.1 The alegre / satisfecho Clusters in the 1200s -- 7.2 The alegre / satisfecho Clusters in the 1300s -- 7.3 The alegre / satisfecho Clusters in the 1400s -- 7.4 The alegre / satisfecho Clusters in the 1500s.

7.5 The alegre / satisfecho Clusters in the 1600s -- 7.6 The alegre / satisfecho Clusters in the 1700s -- 7.7 The alegre / satisfecho Clusters in the 1800s -- 7.8 Overview of the alegre / satisfecho Clusters -- 7.8.1 From muerto 'Dead' to satisfecho 'Satisfied': A Chain of Family Resemblance -- 7.8.2 Synonyms and Productivity in Constructional Evolution -- 7.8.3 The Endurance of the alegre / satisfecho Clusters -- 7.9 Conclusion -- Chapter 8 Similarity Experiment -- 8.1 Data: Τhe Questionnaires -- 8.2 Participants -- 8.3 Methods -- 8.3.1 MDS, а Brief Explanation -- 8.3.2 MDS: Data and Analysis -- 8.4 Results: Perceptual Maps of Questionnaires A and B -- 8.4.1 Perceptual Maps of Questionnaire A -- 8.4.2 Perceptual Maps of Questionnaire B -- 8.4.3 Chains of Family Resemblance between Adjective Categories -- 8.5 Conclusion -- Chapter 9 Conclusion -- 9.1 Overview of quedar(se) + ADJ -- 9.2 Formulaic Language and Frequency Effects -- 9.3 Categories over Time -- 9.4 The Evolution of quedar(se) + ADJ: Grammaticalization, Constructionalization, or Constructional Change? -- 9.5 Further Considerations -- Appendix 1: Adjective Clusters and Tables not Analyzed -- Appendix 2: Sources in the QAD -- Works Cited -- Index.