Urgent Interventional Therapies -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- List of Abbreviations -- About the Companion Website -- Part 1 Cardiac Interventions -- Section I: Acute Coronary Syndrome -- Chapter 1 Acute Coronary Syndrome: Guidelines and Definitions -- Introduction -- Definitions -- Pathophysiology -- Therapeutic strategies -- Other considerations -- References -- Chapter 2 Cardiac Biomarkers in Acute Cardiac Care -- Introduction -- Markers of endothelial dysfunction -- Biomarkers of vascular inflammation -- Biomarkers of myocardial ischemia -- Biomarkers of plaque destabilization -- Biomarkers of plaque rupture -- Biomarkers of myocardial injury -- Biomarkers of myocardial stretch or dysfunction -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 3 Diagnosis of Vulnerable Plaque -- Introduction -- Coronary angiography -- Intravascular ultrasound -- Coronary angioscopy -- Near-infared spectroscopy -- Optical coherence tomography -- Intravascular thermography -- Interventional treatment of vulnerable plaques -- Conclusion -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 4 Management of Thrombotic Disorders: Heparin to Newer Anticoagulants -- Introduction and overview -- Low molecular weight heparins -- Ultra-low molecular weight heparins -- Antithrombin agents -- Factor Xa inhibitors -- Generic antithrombotic drugs -- Newer oral anticoagulants versus heparins -- Some unanswered questions regarding the new oral anticoagulants -- Summary -- Future perspectives -- References -- Chapter 5 Newer Antiplatelet Agents for Interventional Indications -- Introduction -- Clopidogrel -- Prasugrel -- Ticagrelor -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Genetic Considerations of Antiplatelet Therapy -- Introduction -- General considerations -- Specific genetic considerations -- Therapeutic strategies -- Practical recommendations -- References.

Chapter 7 Anticoagulant Management of Heparin-Compromised Patients -- Introduction -- Heparin -- Anticoagulant alternatives to heparin -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 8 Management of Bleeding in Urgent Interventions -- Introduction -- Incidence of bleeding -- Risks associated with increased bleeding -- Long-term outcomes -- Mechanical and other contributors to bleeding -- Measures to reduce the incidence of bleeding -- Treatment of bleeding -- New potential agents for the reversal of anticoagulation -- References -- Chapter 9 Role of Newer Anti-Xa and Anti-IIa Agents for Interventions -- Introduction -- Percutaneous coronary intervention -- New anti-IIa and anti-Xa agents -- New anticoagulants for cardiac interventional procedures -- Conclusion -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 10 Treatment of NSTEMI Patients -- Introduction -- Presentation and diagnosis -- Antiplatelet therapies -- Anticoagulation strategies -- Invasive versus medical therapy -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 Treatment of Patients with STEMI -- Introduction -- Indication -- Literature review -- Invasive treatment center -- Technique of primary PCI -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 12 Mechanical Removal of Thrombus from Culprit Lesions: Current Devices and Future Developments -- Introduction -- Manual aspiration thrombectomy -- Mechanical aspiration devices -- Embolic protection devices -- Meta-analysis of mechanical strategies -- Pharmacological strategy -- Future directions -- References -- Chapter 13 Role of Intravenous Fibrinolytic Therapy -- Introduction -- Mechanism of fibrinolysis -- Indications for fibrinolysis -- The risks of fibrinolysis -- Follow-up treatment of fibrinolytic therapy -- Alternatives to fibrinolytic therapy -- Fibrinolytic therapy as facilitation of primary angioplasty -- Conclusion -- References.

Chapter 14 The Transradial Approach in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes -- Introduction -- Background -- Technique -- Right versus left radial approach -- Vascular complications with transradial access -- Radial artery angiography and intervention in myocardial infarction and acute coronary syndrome -- Additional areas for consideration -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15 Intervention for Failed Grafts -- Introduction -- Pathophysiology of saphenous vein grafts -- Predictors of adverse clinical events -- Assessment and treatment of intermediate lesions -- Treatment of occluded saphenous vein grafts -- Antithrombin and antiplatelet therapy -- Stent selection -- Saphenous vein graft percutaneous coronary intervention techniques -- Pharmacotherapy for slow or no reflow -- Treatment of acutely failed saphenous vein grafts -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16 Excimer Laser for Revascularization in AMI -- Introduction -- Thrombotic lesions in acute myocardial infarction -- The role of a dedicated strategy for thrombus removal in acute myocardial infarction -- Laser revascularization -- Excimer laser interaction with bio-tissue -- Technical profile of the excimer laser -- Lasing technique -- Laser-associated complications -- Excimer laser in percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 17 Management of Patients Presenting too Late for PTCA -- Introduction -- Pathophysiological considerations -- Challenges and opportunities in mechanical reperfusion of latecomers -- Medical therapy in patients not eligible for reperfusion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 18 Is There a Role for Drug-Eluting Balloons in Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes? -- Introduction -- Device -- Procedure in the acute setting -- Current and future perspectives -- Summary -- References.

Chapter 19 Cardiogenic Shock: Outcomes, Treatment, and Role of Hemodynamic Support -- Definition, incidence, and outcomes -- Treatment of patients with cardiogenic shock -- Thrombolytic therapy in treatment of patients with cardiogenic shock -- Other medical management -- Hemodynamic support in the management of cardiogenic shock -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 20 Management of Patients after Acute Coronary Syndrome -- Introduction -- Risk factor management and modification -- Drug therapy -- Risk assessment -- Postdischarge follow-up -- Cardiac rehabilitation -- Return to work -- Other activities -- Conclusion -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 21 Emergency PTCA or CABG for Left Main Disease? -- Introduction -- Current guidelines and limitations -- Outcomes with ACS secondary to ULMCA disease -- Coronary artery bypass graft versus percutaneous coronary intervention in ACS -- Hemodynamic support -- Stent choice (drug-eluting stents versus bare metal stents) -- Conclusion -- References -- Section II: Urgent Electrophysiology -- Chapter 22 Management of Reperfusion Arrhythmias -- Introduction -- Treatment -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 23 Ablative Therapies in Arrhythmia Emergencies -- Introduction -- Methods of emergent ablation of cardiac arrhythmias -- Emergent arrhythmia ablative procedures in the pediatric population -- Emergent arrhythmia ablative procedures in the adult patient -- Alternative emergency therapies -- References -- Section III: Other Acute Cardiac Conditions -- Chapter 24 Principles of Interventions in Acute Structural Heart Disease -- Introduction -- Chapter 25 Acute Interventional Therapies for Pulmonary Embolism -- Introduction -- Patient selection -- Catheter-based interventions -- Inferior vena cava filters -- Complications of catheter-based therapies -- Conclusion -- References.

Chapter 26 Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation -- Introduction -- Patient selection and screening -- Preprocedural investigations -- Procedural details -- Aortic valve intervention in the acute setting -- Medical management and palliative care -- References -- Chapter 27 Acute Mitral Interventions -- Introduction -- Mitral valve stenosis conditions -- Mitral valve incompetent conditions -- Etiology -- Clinical manifestations -- Non-invasive testing -- Treatment -- Interventional procedures for hemodynamic support -- Ischemic mitral regurgitation -- Rupture of chordae tendineae -- Chronic heart disease with acute functional mitral regurgitation -- Dysfunctional prosthetic mitral valve -- Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HCOM) with MR -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 28 Mitral and Aortic Valve Balloon Valvotomy -- Balloon mitral valvotomy -- Aortic balloon valvotomy -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 29 Postinfarction Ventricular Septal Defect -- Introduction -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 30 Transcatheter VSD Closure -- Introduction -- Indications -- Procedural technique -- Outcomes -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 31 Atrial Septostomies -- Introduction -- Indications for atrial septostomies [1-4] -- Techniques for atrial septostomies -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 32 Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement -- Introduction -- History -- Current literature -- Available valves -- Indications -- Procedural technique -- Potential complications -- Conclusions and future directions -- Summary -- References -- Part 2 Peripheral Interventions -- Section IV: Cerebrovascular Disorders -- Chapter 33 How to Set Up an Acute Stroke Service -- Introduction -- Business case -- Understanding the crucial steps -- Prehospital phase -- Acute phase -- Posttreatment phase -- Conclusion -- References.

Chapter 34 Acute Stroke Intervention.