Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Series Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Share Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Diagnosis and Management -- Part I: Epidemiology, Screening, and Diagnosis -- Chapter 1: Introduction: The Multidisciplinary Approach to Prostate Cancer -- Prostate Cancer in the 20th Century -- Prostate Cancer in the 21st Century -- Prostate Cancer Patient Descision Making -- The Multidisciplinary Approach to Prostate Cancer -- Experience with the Multidisciplinary Approach to Prostate Cancer -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2.1: Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer -- Introduction -- Global Burden of Prostate Cancer -- Established Risk Factors for Total Prostate Cancer Incidence -- Overview of Potential Risk Factors for Lethal Prostate Cancer -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 2.2: Diet and Prostate Cancer -- Introduction -- The Variable Course of Prostate Cancer -- Nutritional Components of the Diet -- Obesity as a Marker of Energy Imbalance -- Issues for Future Research -- References -- Chapter 2.3: Epidemiology: Obesity as a Risk Factor -- Introduction -- Obesity and PC Incidence -- Obesity and PC Treatment -- Obesity and PC-Specific Mortality -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3.1.1: Screening and Diagnosis: The Pros of PSA Screening -- References -- Chapter 3.1.2: The Argument Against Prostate Cancer Screening -- A Brief History -- Does PSA Screening Find Localized Prostate Cancer? -- Does Treatment of Localized Disease Save Lives? -- Does Screening Prevent Death From Prostate Cancer? -- A Comparison of Populations -- The Prospective Randomized Trials -- Applying Clinical Studies to the Real World -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 3.1.3: How Do We Improve PSA Accuracy? -- Introduction -- PSA Cutoff Threshold -- Percent of Free PSA (%FPSA) -- PSA Velocity -- PSA Density.

Individualized Predicting Tools for Prostate Cancer -- Guidelines by American Urological Association -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3.2: Screening and Diagnosis: An Update on the ISUP-Modified Gleason Score and Its Controversies -- Gleason Scoring System-A Brief History -- The Need to Update the System -- 2005 ISUP Consensus Conference and Subsequent Modifications -- Issues Relating Specifically to Needle Biopsies and Radical Prostatectomy Specimens -- Implications and Results of the ISUP-Modified Gleason Grading System -- Lingering Problems of the Gleason Grading System -- Is it Time for a Modified Grouping of Gleason Scores for Prognostic Studies? -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3.3: Evaluation of Distant Disease: The Utility of Nuclear Imaging -- Introduction -- 18F-FDG -- 18F-Sodium Fluoride -- Choline: 18F-Choline and 11C-Choline -- Acetate: 11C-Acetate -- Amino Acids: 11C-Methionine and 18F-FACBC -- 18F-FDHT -- Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeted Pet Agents -- HER2 -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Current Approaches to Prostate Cancer Staging and Risk Stratification: In the Midst of a Paradigm Shift -- Introduction -- Clinical Staging for Initial Diagnosis and Treatment -- Molecular and Genomic Modalities: Improving Prognostic Precision -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5.1: Novel Molecular and Genotype Profiling in Prostate Cancer: The Future of Screening, Diagnosis, and Staging -- Introduction -- A Role for Genomic-Based Biomarkers in Screening, Disease Diagnosis and Classification, and Clinical Treatment Decision Making -- Current Challenges and Opportunities in Prostate Cancer Screening -- Current Challenges and Opportunities in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis -- Current Challenges and Opportunities in Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification -- The Future of Molecular Screening and Staging Methods -- References.

Chapter 5.2: Genomics and Risk Assessment -- Introduction -- Current System of Risk Assessment and the Need for Integrating Genomic Data -- Different Technologies to Obtain Genomic Data -- Existing Genomic Data that can be Integrated into Risk Assessment -- Future Perspective -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5.3: Future Direction: Novel Urine and Serum Markers -- Blood-Based Markers -- Urine-Based Markers -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5.4: Morphometric and Systems Pathology: The Future of Screening, Diagnosis, and Staging -- Introduction -- Future of Screening and Diagnosis -- Treatment, Staging, and the Application of Risk Stratification through Systems "Precise" Pathology -- Systems "Precise" Pathology Platform -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5.5.1: PET: The Future of Screening, Diagnosis, and Staging for Prostate Cancer -- Introduction -- F-18-FDG -- Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 5.5.2 DCE MRI and MR Spectroscopy: The Future of Screening, Diagnosis, and Staging -- DCE MRI -- MR Spectroscopy -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5.5.3: Future Direction: Contrast Ultrasound -- Introduction -- Color and Power Doppler US -- 3D US -- CEUS -- Elastography -- Future Directions -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Counseling Patients With Clinically Localized, High-Risk Prostate Cancer -- Establishing Realistic Expectations -- Defining Clinically Localized, High-Risk Prostate Cancer -- Treatment Options -- Multidisciplinary Approach -- Summary -- References -- Part II: Treatment for Low-Risk, Localized Disease -- Chapter 7: Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer: An Overview -- Evidence to Support the Active Surveillance Concept -- Patient Selection -- Strategy for Monitoring -- Outcomes -- References -- Chapter 8: Treatment of Low-Risk, Localized Prostate Cancer: A Holistic Approach With Diet -- Introduction.

Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer -- Pathophysiology of Prostate Cancer -- Impact of Food on Prostate Cancer -- Impact of Vitamins, Minerals, and Other Supplements on Prostate Cancer -- Impact of Anti-Inflammatory Agents -- Exercise, Meditation, and Prostate Cancer -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 9.1: Traditional Radical Prostatectomy -- Introduction -- Anatomy and Surgical Technique -- Outcomes and Complications -- Other Considerations -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9.2: Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: Techniques and Complications -- Summary -- Introduction -- Patient Selection and Preoperative Preparation -- Rationale for Transperitoneal Approach -- The Instruments -- Surgical Technique -- Postoperative Care -- Complications and Management -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9.3: Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: The Thomas Jefferson University Experience -- Procedure -- Outcomes -- References -- Chapter 9.4: Surgical Training, Digital Capture, Virtual Reality, and the Future of Radical Prostatectomy -- Dual Console -- Digital Capture, Duplication, and the Internet -- Virtual Reality Simulation -- References -- Chapter 10.1.1: External Beam Radiation Therapy: Conventional Fractionation -- Introduction -- Pretreatment Evaluation of the Low-Risk Patient -- Clinical Trials -- Dose Escalation -- MD Anderson Cancer Center 93-002 -- Proton Radiation Oncology Group 95-09 -- Dutch Trial CKTO 6910 -- MRC RT01 Trial -- Genitourinary Tumor Group (GETUG) -- IMRT and IGRT -- Hypofractionation and SBRT -- Toxicity of Radiation Therapy -- Second Malignancies -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10.1.2: Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer -- Overview -- Background to Dose-Escalated Conventionally Fractionated Radiation Therapy -- Rationale Behind Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy.

Initial Trials Comparing CFRT and HFRT -- Modern Trials Comparing CFRT and HFRT -- Limitations and Future Direction -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10.1.3: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer -- Overview -- Background and History of Increasing Dose Per Fraction -- Potential Benefits of SBRT -- Outcomes -- Toxicity -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10.1.4: Treatment of Low-Risk, Localized Prostate Cancer: Use of Proton Therapy -- Introduction -- Basics of Proton Therapy -- Comparative Effectiveness of Proton Therapy -- Role for Multidisciplinary Care -- References -- Chapter 10.2: Treatment of Low-Risk, Localized Prostate Cancer: Brachytherapy -- LDR and HDR for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer -- Rationale for Brachytherapy in Low-Risk Disease -- Patient Selection with Low-Risk Disease -- Technical Issues -- Oncologic Issues -- Clinical Issues -- Results -- Toxicity -- References -- Chapter 11.1: Treatment of Low-Risk, Localized Prostate Cancer: General Principles of Ablative and Focal Therapies -- Introduction -- Patient Selection -- Treatment Modalities -- Follow-Up -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11.2: Hyperthermia for Prostate Cancer -- References -- Chapter 11.3: Ablative Techniques: Vascular Targeted Photodynamic Therapy -- Mechanism of Action -- Delivery -- Clinical Trials: Safety and Efficacy -- Future Steps -- References -- Chapter 11.4: Laser Ablative Techniques for Prostate Cancer -- Mechanism of Action -- Delivery -- Clinical Trials -- Future Steps -- References -- Chapter 11.5: Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) Prostate Ablation -- Mechanism of Action -- Delivery -- IRE Experience-Prostate -- Future Steps -- References -- Chapter 12.1: Quality of Life With Surgery -- Introduction -- Erectile Dysfunction -- Urinary Incontinence.

Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP) Versus Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy (RRP).