Contents -- Tables -- Foreword -- Introduction -- The Implementation of China's Science and Technology Policy -- 1 China's Scientific and Technological Development During the Period from 1949 to 1978 -- 2 An Overview of the General Orientation and Guidelines of ChinaÌs Science and Technology Policy -- 3 The Reform of the Management System of Science and Technology -- 4 The Reform of the Appropriation System -- 5 The Development of a Technology Market -- 6 Strengthening the Capability of Technology Development and Assimilation of Industrial Enterprises -- 7 Reform of the Scientific and Technical Personnel Management System -- 8 China's Opening and Technology Acquisition Policy -- 9 Readjustment of Science and Technology Policy in the 1990s -- 10 China's Industrial Policy and Technology Acquisition -- 11 The Development of Agricultural Science and Technology -- 12 Township Industry and the Development of Appropriate Technology: The Spark Program -- 13 Policy on the Development of Infrastructure Industries -- 14 "Mainstay Industries'' and Technology Policy -- 15 Emphasis on Basic Research -- 16 High- Tech Research -- 17 The Torch Program and the Progress of High- Tech Industry -- 18 Non- governmental Science and Technology Enterprises -- 19 Policy on Sustainable Development -- 20 Epilogue -- References -- Index.