Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Introduction: Darwin and Microbiology -- Chapter 1. Evolution in Action: A 50, 000-Generation Salute to Charles Darwin -- Chapter 2. Minimal Genomes and Reducible Complexity -- Minimal Cells: from Aristotle to Plato -- Naturally Evolved Reduced Genomes -- The Flagellum of a Bacterial Endosymbiont: A Case against Intelligent Design -- Chapter 3. Lady Lumps's Mouthguard -- Chapter 4. Trying To Make Sense of the Microbial Census -- Chapter 5. The View from Below -- Chapter 6. Running Wild with Antibiotics -- Chapter 7. Antibiotic Resistance -- What Are Antibiotics and How Do They Work? -- Some Bacteria Are Naturally Resistant to Particular Antibiotics -- How Susceptible Bacteria Become Resistant to Antibiotics -- Target-Focused Resistance Mechanisms -- Drug-Focused Resistance Mechanisms -- What Has Antibiotic Use Taught Us about Natural Variation, Selection, and Evolution of Bacteria? -- Where Do We Stand Today? -- Chapter 8. Bacteria Battling for Survival -- Chapter 9. Phage: An Important Evolutionary Force Darwin Never Knew -- Chapter 10. The Struggle for Existence: Mutualism -- Chapter 11. The Secret Social Lives of Microorganisms -- Chapter 12. Microbes and Microevolution -- Chapter 13. Unnecessary Baggage -- Chapter 14. Bacterial Adaptation: Built-In Responses and Random Variations -- Graduality and Overlap of Bacterial Built-In Responses -- Heterogeneity in Bacterial Populations -- Bacterial Genome Plasticity -- Variation of Mutation Rates -- Clues of Bacterial Evolutionary Success -- Chapter 15. The Impact of Differential Regulation on Bacterial Speciation -- Chapter 16. An Accidental Evolutionary Biologist: GASP, Long-Term Survival, and Evolution -- Chapter 17. How Bacteria Revealed Darwin's Mistake (and Got Me To Read On the Origin of Species.

The Importance of Small-Effect Mutations -- Before You Can Estimate the Mutation Rate, You Must Eliminate Natural Selection -- Why are Mutants Frequent in the Cairns Experiment? -- Take-Home Points -- Chapter 18. The Role of Conjugation in the Evolution of Bacteria -- Chapter 19. Do Bacteria Have Sex? -- Chapter 20. Better than Sex -- Chapter 21. Darwin in My Lab: Mutation, Recombination, and Speciation -- Chapter 22. Sexual Difficulties -- Chapter 23. Unveiling Prochlorococcus: The Life and Times of the Ocean's Smallest Photosynthetic Cell -- Chapter 24. Deciphering the Language of Diplomacy: Give and Take in the Study of the Squid-Vibrio Symbiosis -- The Geological Context of the Evolution of Animal-Microbial Partnerships -- A "Symbiosis" Begins: Margaret's Story -- Evolution of a Microbiologist: Ned's Story -- What We've Learned, Where We Are Now, and Where We're Going -- Chapter 25. The Tangled Banks of Ants and Microbes -- Chapter 26. Microbial Symbiosis and Evolution -- Chapter 27. Coevolution of Helicobacter pylori and Humans -- Chapter 28. The Library of Maynard-Smith: My Search for Meaning in the Protein Universe -- Chapter 29. In Pursuit of Billion-Year-Old Rosetta Stones -- Chapter 30. The Deep History of Life -- Chapter 31. A Glimpse into Microevolution in Nature: Adaptation and Speciation of Bacillus simplex from "Evolution Canyon" -- Evolution Canyon, a Natural Evolutionary Laboratory -- Bacillus simplex from EC -- Future Insights -- Chapter 32. On the Origin of Bacterial Pathogenic Species by Means of Natural Selection: A Tale of Coevolution -- Chapter 33. The Evolution of Diversity and the Emergence of Rules Governing Phenotypic Evolution -- Chapter 34. The Christmas Fungus on Christmas Island -- Chapter 35. A New Age of Naturalists -- Chapter 36. The Ship That Led to Shape -- Chapter 37. Postphylogenetics.

Chapter 38. Irreducible Complexity? Not! -- Is the Flagellum Irreducibly Complex, or Just Complex? -- Chapter 39. Many Challenges to Classifying Microbial Species -- Index.