CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION -- NOTICE TO THE READER -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- IMPACTS OF THE MINING AND SMELTING ACTIVITIES TO THE ENVIRONMENT - SLOVENIAN CASE STUDIES -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND -- 2.1. Historical and Geographical Description of the Areas of Detailed Geochemical Research -- 2.2. Mežica -- 2.3. Celje -- 2.4. Jesenice -- 2.5. Litija -- 2.6. Idrija -- 3. METHODS OF THE SAMPLING, SAMPLE PREPARATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSES AND DATA PROCESSING -- 3.1. Methods of Determining the Regional Geochemical Trends in Slovenia -- 4. RESULTS -- 4.1. Accuracy And Precision of Chemical Analytics and Detection Limits -- 4.2. Geochemical Trends and Background Levels in Slovenia and Geochemical Characteristics of Urban Areas -- 4.3. Heavy Metal Contamination in the Mežica Region Due to Pb-Zn Mining, Smelting and Ironworks Operations -- 4.4. Heavy metal contamination in the Celje region due to Zn smelting and ironworks -- 4.5. Heavy Metal Contamination in the Jesenice Region Due to Ironworks -- 4.6. Heavy Metal Contamination in the Litija Region Due to Polymetallic Mining and Smelting -- 4.7. Heavy metal contamination in the Idrija region due to Hg mining and smelting -- 5. DISCUSSION -- 5.1. Comparison of geochemical associations -- 5.2. Main Characteristics of Man-Made Anomalies Because of Metal Mining and Smelting Activities and Ironworks -- 5.3. Description of most intensive anomalies -- 6. CONCLUSION -- 7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 8. REFERENCES -- TREATMENT OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE BY A COMBINED CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL COLUMN APPARATUS: MECHANISMS OF HEAVY METAL REMOVAL -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1. Acid Mine Drainage -- 1.2. Prevention and Treatment of AMD Pollution -- 1.3. Aim of the Work -- 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 2.1. Synthetic Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) -- 2.2. Sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB).

2.3. Solid Mixture -- 2.4. Batch Tests -- 2.5. Column tests -- 2.6. Analytical Methods -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 3.1. Preliminary batch tests of chemical precipitation -- 3.2. Preliminary Batch Test of Bioprecipitation -- 3.3. Column Test of Chemical Precipitation: Pre-Treatment of AMD -- 3.4. Column Tests of Biological Precipitation -- 4. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- ASSISTED PHYTOEXTRACTION FOR ABANDONED MINING AREAS REMEDIATION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ABANDONED MINING AREAS (THE CASE OF MONTEVECCHIO MINING DISTRICT) -- METAL BIOAVAILABILITY -- PHYTOREMEDIATION -- ASSISTED PHYTOEXTRACTION -- EXPERIENCES ON METAL REMOVAL FROM ABANDONED MINING AREAS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PHYTOCHELATINS IN WILD PLANTS FROM GUANAJUATO CITY - AN IMPORTANT SILVER AND GOLD MINING CENTER IN MEXICO -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN -- CAPABILITY OF THE WILD PLANTS CHRONICALLY EXPOSED TO LOW OR MODERATE CONCENTRATIONS OF METALS IN SOIL FOR THE INDUCTION OF PHYTOCHELATINS -- SPECIFIC ROLE OF METALS IN THE PRODUCTION OF PHYTOCHELATINS IN PLANTS, NATURALLY EXPOSED TO A WIDE RANGE OF ELEMENTS -- SOIL PARAMETERS IN RELATION TO THE INDUCTION OF PCS IN WILD PLANTS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- FATE OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN THE VENICE LAGOON WATERSHED AND CONTERMINOUS AREAS (ITALY) -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 2.1. Study Area -- 2.2. Laboratory Methods -- 2.3. Statistical Analyses -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 3.1. Agriculture Soils -- 3.2. Rangeland and Forest Soils -- 3.3. Inland Coastal Areas and Lagoon Sediments -- 4. CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- ANTHROPOGENIC MERCURY POLLUTION IN AQUATIC SYSTEMS: A REVIEW OF ENVIROMENTAL FATE AND HUMAN HEALTH RISKS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MERCURY IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT -- THE FORMATION OF METHYLMERCURY IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT.

SULFUR CHEMISTRY, SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA, AND MERCURY METHYLATION -- THE BALANCE OF SULFATE, SULFIDE, AND MERCURY METHYLATION -- SULFIDE AND MERCURY BIOAVAILABILITY -- DEMETHYLATION -- METHYLMERCURY BIOACCUMULATION BY AQUATIC ORGANISMS -- TOXICITY OF METHYLMERCURY IN HUMANS -- RECOMMENDED SAFE MERCURY EXPOSURE LEVELS AND FISH CONSUMPTION -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- IN SITU MEASUREMENT OF METAL CONCENTRATION IN RIVER WATER USING PORTABLE EDXRF SYSTEM -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MATERIAL AND METHODS -- 2. 1. Sampling -- 2. 2. Instrumentation -- 2. 3. Pre-Concentration Methodology -- 2.4. IN SITU MEASUREMENTS DESCRIPTION -- 2.5. Calibration -- 2.6. Quantification Procedure -- 3. RESULTS -- 3.1. In Natura Results -- 3.2. Membrane Results -- 3.3. Environmental Samples Results -- 4. CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- APPENDIX I - TESTS FOR GEOMETRY MEASUREMENTS DEFINITION -- I.1. Tests with Different Collimator and Filters -- I.2. Tests with Different Ag Filter Thickness -- APPENDIX II - TESTS OF DRY OFF MEMBRANES -- REFERENCES -- BIOMONITORING OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT USING INDICATOR ORGANISMS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE USE OF BIOINDICATORS -- BIOINDICATOR - DEFINITION -- BIOMARKERS- SUBDIVISION -- REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SELECTION OF A BIOINDICATOR -- CONVENTIONAL MARINE BIOINDICATORS -- 1. Seabirds -- 2. Marine Mammals -- NEWLY DEVELOPED BIOINDICATOR MODELS -- 1. Free Living Organisms as Bioindicators -- 2. Indicator Tissues for Heavy Metal Monitoring -- 3. Benthic Organisms as Sensitive Bioindicators -- 4. Sponges as Perceptive Bioindicator -- MODERN GAUGE OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION -- Molecular Biomarkers as Pronounced Indicators -- MICROBIAL ENDOSYMBIONTS OF MARINE SPONGES AS PROMISING INDICATORS -- APPLICATION OF NANOPARTICLES AND BIOSENSORS -- REFERENCES.

HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION IN SELECTED URBAN COASTAL REGIONS IN US AND CHINA -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. STUDY AREAS -- 2.1. Lower Hudson River - New York Harbor, USA -- 2.2. Lower Passaic River, New Jersey, USA -- 2.3. Yangtze River Estuary, China -- 2.4. Xiamen Bay, China -- 2.5. Jiaozhou Bay, China -- 3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION -- 3.1. Lower Hudson River - New York Harbor, USA -- 3.2. Lower Passaic River, New Jersey, USA -- 3.3. Yangtze River Estuary, China -- 3.4. Western Xiamen Bay, China -- 3.5. Jiaozhou Bay, China -- 4. SUMMARY -- 5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 6. REFERENCE -- MONITORING HEAVY METAL POLLUTION WITH TRANSGENIC PLANTS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- WHY PLANTS? -- REQUIREMENTS FOR A PLANT TO BE A TRANSGENIC PHYTOSENSOR -- MARKER GENES TO BE USED FOR MUTAGENESIS ASSAYS -- TRANSGENIC PHYTOSENSORS USED FOR MUTAGENICITY DETECTION OF VARIOUS AGENTS INCLUDING HEAVY METALS -- Recombination Reporter Assay -- Point Mutation Reporter Assay -- Frame Shift Mutation/ Microsatellite Stability Assays -- TRANSGENIC PLANTS USED FOR GENOTOXICITY ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS -- TRANSGENIC PLANT SYSTEMS CAN BE EFFICIENTLY USED TO MONITOR OTHER TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS -- TRANSGENIC PLANT SYSTEMS THAT CAN BE GENERATED FOR BIOSENSORING -- PRODUCTION OF A TRANSGENIC PHYTOSENSOR ON DEMAND -- CHANGES IN THE EPIGENOME -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- GEOCHEMISTRY OF MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN CORE SEDIMENTS OF SUNDERBAN DELTA, INDIA: AN ASSESSMENT OF METAL POLLUTION USING ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETER AND INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY -- ABSTRACT -- MATERIALS AND METHOD -- Sampling Locations -- Collection and Preservation of Sediment Samples -- Geochemical Analyses of Elements -- Statistical Analyses -- RESULT AND DISCUSSION -- Carbonate Contents -- Organic Matter Content -- Interpretation of Statistical Data.

ERL and ERM (Effect Range Low and Effect Range Medium) Values -- Index of Geoaccumulation (Igeo) -- Enrichment Factor (EF) Values -- Interpretative Problems -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- CORRELATION MATRIX OF ALL THE MAJOR ELEMENTS, HEAVY METALS AND SEDIMENT QUALITY PARAMETERS OF THE SEVEN SAMPLING STATIONS -- HEAVY METAL POLLUTION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIATION IN PADDY SOIL ENVIRONMENT: RESEARCH EXPERIENCES AND PERSPECTIVES IN KOREA -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- I. PRESENT STATUS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES OF HEAVY METALS IN KOREAN SOILS -- A. Sources of Trace Metal Contamination in Paddy Soils -- B. Monitoring of Heavy Metals in Paddy Soils -- C. Impacts of Trace Metal Contamination in Soil and Crops -- II. MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES OF HEAVY METALS IN KOREAN SOIL AND CROP -- A. Regulatory Strategies for Soil Pollution Prevention -- B. Designation Of The Specific Harmful Substances for Soil Pollution Assessment Criteria -- C. Monitoring Network of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Soils -- D. Designation of the Soil Pollution Policy Area -- E. Establishment of Soil Pollution Policy Projects -- F. Irrigation Water Quality for Paddy Fields -- G. Safety Criteria of Crops for Cd And Pb -- III. RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN THE ABANDONEDMETALLIFEROUS MINES -- A. Introduction -- B. Approaches -- C. Heavy Metals in Soil, Rice and Groundwater -- D. Exposure Assessment -- E. Toxic Risk -- F. Risk Characterization: Cancer Risk -- G. Discussion -- IV. SOIL POLLUTION COUNTERMEASURES: REMEDIATION -- A. Introduction -- B. Mine Hazard Prevention Law (Mhpl) and Remediation Initiative -- C. PrioritizationMOE (2006) -- D. Fertilization and Irrigation Practices to Inhibit Cd Uptake by Rice -- E. Rice Cultivars Screening for Cd Accumulation -- F. Dilemma on Soil Remediation vs. the Metal Standard Criteria -- REFERENCES.

INDEX.