CELL MOVEMENT: NEW RESEARCH TRENDS -- CELL MOVEMENT: NEW RESEARCH TRENDS -- Contents -- Preface -- Scaffolding Proteins that Regulate the Actin Cytoskeleton in Cell Movement -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. MAPK Scaffolding Family -- 1.1.1. The ERK Cascade -- 1.1.2. JNK/SAPK Cascades -- 1.1.2.1. The JIP Scaffolds -- 1.1.2.2. The JSAP Scaffold -- 1.1.2.3. The JLP Scaffold -- 1.1.3. p38 MAPK Cascade -- 1.2. AKAPs (A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins) -- 1.2.1. Gravin -- 1.2.2. Ezrin -- 1.2.3. CG-NAP (Centrosome and Golgi Localised Protein Kinase N (PKN)-Associated Protein) Also Called AKAP450/AKAP350 -- 1.2.4. WAVE1 -- 1.3. PSD (Post Synaptic Densities) Scaffolding Proteins -- 1.3.1. MAGUK (Membrane-Associated Guanylate Kinases) Family -- 1.3.2. Cortactin -- 1.3.3. Homer -- 1.3.4. Shank -- 1.4. Actin Binding Protein Scaffolds -- 1.4.1. Filamin (ABP280) -- 1.4.2. IQGAP -- 1.5. Conclusion -- References -- Systems Dynamics Behind Cell Movement -- Abstract -- Introduction -- 1. Conceptual Models for Stable Front-Back Axis of Migrating Cells -- (A) LEGI + MSNL System -- (B) CTSP System -- (C) MCRD System -- (D) Meinhardt System -- Distinctions among the Groups -- Variables in Models and Corresponding Molecules -- 2. Dynamic Behaviors in MCRD System -- A Characteristic Dynamic Behavior: 'Split and Choice' -- Other Dynamic Behaviors -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- Mast Cells in Injury Response -- Abstract -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Structure of Mast Cells -- Origin and Survival of Mast Cells -- Heterogeneity of Mast Cells -- Mast Cell Receptors -- Mast Cell Mediators -- Preformed Mediators in the Specific Granules -- Lipid Mediators -- Cytokines and Chemokines -- Growth Factors -- Neuropeptides -- Gas -- Antimicrobial Peptides -- Mast Cell Relationships to Basophils -- Immune Function of Mast Cells -- Mast Cells and Wound Repair.

Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Role of Rho GTPases in Tumor Cell Migration and Metastasis -- 1. Abstract -- 2. Introduction -- 2.1. Cell Migration and Tumor Metastasis -- 2.2. Rho Subfamilies and Their Regulation -- 2.2.1. GEFs -- 2.2.2. GAPs -- 2.2.3. GDIs -- 3. Upstream Signaling Pathways of Rho GTPases -- 4. Biochemical and Biological Functions of Rho GTPases in Cell Migration -- 4.1.1. Rho and Cytoskeletion Reorganization -- 4.1.2. RAC, CDC42 and Cytoskeleton Reorganization -- 4.1.3. Other Functions of Rho Family of GTPases -- 4.2. Rho GTPases in Cell Migration -- 4.2.1. Cell Polarization: A Keystone of Cell Migration -- 4.2.2. The Protrusive Machinery -- 4.2.3. Formation and Turnover of New Cell-Substrate Adhesions -- 4.2.4. Cell Body Contraction -- 4.2.5. Adhesion Disassembly and Retraction at the Rear -- 5. Altered Rho GTPase Signaling Pathways in Breast Cancer Cells -- 5.1. Overexpression of Rho Proteins In Human Breast Tumors -- 5.2. Role of Rho GTPases Regulatory Proteins in Breast Metastasis -- 5.2.1. Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor (Rhogdi) -- 5.2.2. Rho GTPase Activating Protein (Rhogaps) -- 5.2.3. Rho Guanine Exchange Factors (Rhogefs) -- 5.3. Rho Proteins in Proliferation and Progression of Breast Cancer Cells -- 5.4. Potential Roles of Rho GTPase Effectors in Breast Cancer -- 5.5. Rho GTPase Pathways as Anti-Cancer Targets -- 5.5.1. Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors (FTIs) and Statins -- 5.5.2. Strongylophorine-26 -- 5.5.3. RHO siRNA -- 5.5.4 Y-27632 -- 6. Conclusion -- Conflict of Interest -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Role of Serine Proteases and Their Receptors in Cellular Motility -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Role of Serine Proteases and Their Receptors in the Motility of Hematopoietic Cells -- Role of Serine Proteases and Their Receptors in The Motility of Tumour Cells.

Role of uPA-uPAR and PARs in the Motility of Neurons, Spermatozoa and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells -- Actions of Proteases on Neurons -- Receptors of Serine Proteases and Their Action on Sperm -- Proteases and the Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle -- Conclusion -- References -- Tuberin and Hamartin in Moving Breast Cancer Cells: Expression, Localization, and Function -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Cells and Reagents -- DNA Plasmids, siRNAs and Transfections -- Western Blotting (WB) and Immunoprecipitation (IP) -- Immunofluorescence Microscopy -- Rap1-GTPase Pull-Down Assay -- Sequence Analysis -- Results -- Tuberin and Hamartin Form a Stable Complex in Human Breast Epithelial Cells. -- Tuberin Is Largely Excluded from Lamellipodia Containing Hamartin and Actin -- Down-Regulation of Tuberin Expression Results in Sustained Rap1 Activation By IGF-I -- Overexpression of Tuberin Lacking HBD Inhibits Rap1 Activation in Vivo -- Overexpression of Tuberin Lacking HBD Prevents F-Actin Reorganization in Lamellipodia -- Conclusion -- Tuberin Is a Negative Regulator of Rap1 in Breast Cancer Cells -- Cellular Localization of Tuberin Is Controlled by Its Structural Domains -- IGF-IR Signaling Does Not Disrupt the Tuberin-Hamartin Complex in Breast Cancer Cells -- The Central Part of The Tuberin Molecule Is Necessary for Tuberin's GAP Function -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Role of Chemokines in Colorectal Cancer and Metastasis -- Summary -- Directed Tumor Metastasis -- Macrophage Inflammatory Protein (MIP)-2 -- MIP-2 and Colorectal Liver Metastasis -- Studies on MIP-2 in a Model of Extrahepatic Colorectal Metastasis -- Liver Resection and Tumor Cell Migration -- The Role of Mip-2 in Liver Resection-Induced Acceleration of Tumor Growth -- MIP-2 and Liver Resection-Associated Extrahepatic Tumor Growth.

Stromal Cell-Derived Factor (SDF)-1 and Colorectal Cancer -- Targeting Chemotactic Signaling in Cancer - A New Perspective? -- References -- The Proteoglycan Versican: An Important Regulator of Cell Locomotion in Development and Disease -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Versican Structure and Function -- Distinct Functions of Versican Isoforms -- Versican Cleavage by Proteases -- Versican and Cell Migration During Embryological Development -- Versican and Migration of Neural Cells -- Versican and Cell Migration in Heart Development -- Versican and Cell Migration in Skin and Wound Healing -- Versican and Cell Migration in Teeth and Bone Development -- Versican and Cell Motility in Disease -- Cardiovascular Disease -- Development of Asthma -- Cancer Cell Motility and Metastasis -- Conclusion -- References -- The Role of Endometrial Stromal Cell-Mediated Contractility in Endometrial Tissue Remodeling -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Endometrial Tissue Remodeling During Menstruation -- Similarities and Differences of Endometrial Tissue Remodeling and Wound Healing in Other Tissues -- Three-Dimensional Collagen Gel Culture as an In Vitro Model of Wound Repair -- Collagen Gel Contraction Assay with Endometrial Stromal Cells -- Regulatory Factors of Human Endometrial Stromal Cell-Mediated Contractility -- PDGF -- TGF-β -- TNF-α -- The Mechanisms of Human Endometrial Stromal Cell-Mediated Contractility -- The Role of Endometrial Stromal Cell-Mediated Contractility in Normal and Pathological Endometrial Tissue Remodeling -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The Role of Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis in Different Cases of Reduced Motility in Human Spermatozoa -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Non Specific Abnormalities of Sperm Flagellum -- Specific Sperm Defects of Possible Genetic Origin. -- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD).

Dysplasia of the Fibrous Sheath (DFS) -- Detached Tail, Abnormalities of the Head-Neck Attachment -- "9+0" Axoneme -- Absence of Fibrous Sheath -- Absent Axoneme -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Reproducing In Vivo Cell Migration -- Abstract -- Introduction -- In Vivo Chemotaxis? -- Gradients for Chemotaxis -- Chemokinesis - A Better Correlate for Invasion than Chemotaxis? -- In Vivo, High Speed Linear Walking of Carcinoma Cells -- 3D Spheroids as Models -- Fibrillar Collagen -- A Note on the Imaging Cancer Cell Migration and Treatment Regimes -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chlamydomonas as the Unicellular Model for Chemotaxis and Cellular Differentiation -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Advantages of Chlamydomonas as a Model Organism for the Analysis of Chemotaxis -- Sexual Life Cycle -- Chemotaxis of Vegetative Cells -- Chemotaxis of Cells During Gametogenesis -- Role of Ammonium in Change of Chemotaxis Mode -- Ammonium Transport in Gametes -- Role of Light in Change of Chemotaxis Mode -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching -- Abstract -- 1. Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching -- 2. Labelling for Frap Analysis -- 3. Frap Experimental Procedure -- 4. Frap Limitations -- 5. Current Frap Method Variations -- 5.1. Fluorescence Loss in Photobleaching -- 5.2. Selective Photobleaching -- 6. Frap and Confocal Microscopy -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Improvement in Sperm Cell Kinetics -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Asthenospermia -- Prognosis -- Conclusions and Relation with the Human Pathology -- References -- Index.