PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES AND FOOD SECURITY -- PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES AND FOOD SECURITY -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 INTERNATIONAL TREATY ON PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE -- SUMMARY -- IMPORTANCE OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE (PGRFA): BACKGROUND AND ISSUES -- PGRFA and Global Food Security -- PGRFA and Interdependency -- U.S. APPROACH TO PGRFA -- INTERNATIONAL TREATY ON PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE -- History of the Treaty -- Summary of the Main Components of the Treaty -- Treaty Objectives -- Summary of Treaty Provisions -- Conservation and Sustainable Use of PGRFA -- Farmers' Rights -- Multilateral System of Access and Benefit Sharing -- Supporting Components -- Financial Provisions -- Institutional Provisions -- ISSUES FOR CONGRESS -- Status of Treaty Implementation -- The Convention on Biological Diversity -- Intellectual Property Rights -- Funding Strategy -- Links to U.S. International Agriculture Research and Development Initiatives -- APPENDIX. PARTIES TO THE INTERNATIONAL TREATY ON PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE -- As of February 24, 2010: 120 -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 CROP GENETIC RESOURCES: AN ECONOMIC APPRAISAL -- ABSTRACT -- SUMMARY -- What Is the Issue? -- What Did the Study Find? -- How Was the Study Conducted? -- INTRODUCTION -- Origins of Crop Genetic Diversity -- DEFINITIONS -- Current Challenges -- ECONOMIC VALUES OF CROP GENETIC RESOURCES -- Estimating the Benefits of Genetic Enhancement -- Searching for Valuable Genetic Resources -- FACTORS INFLUENCING TRENDS IN CROP GENETIC DIVERSITY -- Habitat Loss -- Displacement of Landraces by Scientifically Bred Varieties -- Genetic Uniformity in Scientifically Bred Varieties -- CONSERVATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES -- Basic Conservation Strategies -- In situ conservation -- Ex situ conservation.

Policy Tools to Promote Genetic Resource Conservation -- Public funding of ex situ and in situ conservation -- Intellectual property rights -- Material Transfer Agreements -- Multilateral Agreements Affecting Plant Genetic Resources -- U.N. Convention on Biological Diversity -- The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture -- Financing International Conservation of Genetic Resources -- APPENDIX: MEASURING CROP GENETIC DIVERSITY -- Spatial Diversity Measures -- Measures of Relationships between Varieties -- Building Diversity Indices -- Measures of Plant Breeding Activity Using Genetic Resources -- Temporal Diversity -- REFERENCES -- End Notes -- Chapter 3 USING GENETIC TOOLS TO COMBAT HUNGER -- Chapter 4 RICE: IMPROVING RICE, A STAPLE CROP WORLDWIDE -- GIVING SHEATH BLIGHT THE GENETIC SHOVE -- TAKING THE BANG OUT OF RICE BLAST -- STANDARDIZED AMYLOSE TESTING IMPROVES RICE -- CONTINUED COLLABORATION VITAL TO SUCCESS -- Chapter 5 BEANS: HELP FOR THE COMMON BEAN-GENETIC SOLUTIONS FOR LEGUME PROBLEMS -- BELTSVILLE BEANS KEY TO COMBATING DEVASTATING RUST PATHOGEN -- BEANS THAT CAN TAKE THE HEAT -- WASHINGTON'S WONDERS -- Chapter 6 CORN: BOOSTING VITAMIN A LEVELS IN CORN TO FIGHT HUNGER -- A NEW APPROACH AND A BETTER WAY TO ASSAY CORN -- Chapter 7 POTATOES: NUTRIENT-PACKED AND PEST-RESISTANT POTATOES FROM ARS RESEARCH -- A RECENT DEFENDER -- SAVING STORED SPUDS -- CHAPTER SOURCES -- INDEX -- Blank Page.