EYE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENTS:GLAUCOMA, CORNEALTRANSPLANTATION, AND BACTERIALEYE INFECTIONS -- Contents -- Preface -- New Management of ConcurrentGlaucoma and Cataract:Phacoviscoanalostomy VersusPhacotrabeculectomy -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Patients -- Surgical Procedure -- Viscocanalostomy (figure 1) -- Trabeculectomy -- Postoperative Interventions -- Evaluation of Outcomes -- Study End -- Statistical Analysis -- Results -- Baseline -- Change in Intraocular Pressure -- Change of Visual Acuity and Field -- Incidence of Complications and Adverse Events -- Relationship between Preoperative and Postoperative Intraocular Pressure -- Discussion -- Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effect of Cataract Surgery -- Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma and Syndrome -- Intraoperative and Postoperative Complications -- 1) Vitreous Loss -- 2) Intraocular Pressure Spike -- 3) Nd:YAG Laser Posterior Capsulotomy -- Phacotrabeculectomy -- Intraoperative Modification -- 1) Microincision Phacoemulsication -- 2) Anterior Lens Capsule Autotransplantation -- Association between Long-Term Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation and VisualField Deterioration -- Phacoemulsification Combined with Non-Penetrating Glaucoma Surgery -- Prospective Randomized Trials Comparing Viscocanalostomy andTrabeculectomy -- Phacoviscocanalostomy -- Combined Phacoemulsification and Deep Sclerectomy -- Non-Penetrating Surgery-Specific Complication-Descemet's MembraneDetachment -- Other Options -- 1. Trabeculotomy -- 2. Shunt Operation -- 2-1. Conventional Shunt Operation -- 2-2. Miniature Shunt -- 2-2-1. Ex-PRESS Miniature Implant -- 2-2-2. Eyepass Shunt Implantation -- 2-2-3. Gold Micro Shunt (SOLX, Waltham, MA) -- 3. Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation -- 4. Others -- 1) Phacosclerothalamotomy -- 2) Canalostomy.

Relationship between Preoperative andPostoperative Intraocular Pressure inPhacoviscocanalostomy and Phacotrabeculectomy -- Conclusion -- References -- Current Trends in Glaucoma:What about Neuroprotection? -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Glaucoma -- 1.2. Risk Factors -- RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASEDPREVALENCE OF GLAUCOMA DAMAGE -- 1.3. Intraocular Pressure -- 1.4. Pathogenesis -- 1.4.1. Initial Injury -- 1.4.2. Secondary Degeneration -- A). Neurotrophin Deprivation -- B)"Activation" Response of Glial Cells -- C) Astrocyte Induced Vasoconstriction -- D) Activation of the Caspase Enzyme Family -- E) Glutamate Induced Excitotoxicity -- F) ATP Releases -- G) Implication of TNF-a -- H) Oxidative Stress and Free Radicals -- I) Increased Accumulation of Self-Proteins -- J) Increased Expression of Pro-Apoptotic Genes -- 1.5. Treatment -- SIX FAMILIES OF ANTIGLAUCOMA AGENTS -- LASER SURGERY -- INCISIONAL SURGERY -- 2. Neuroprotection in Glaucoma -- 2.1. What is Glaucoma Neuroprotection? -- 2.3. Is Neuroprotective Treatment Available for Glaucoma Patients? -- 2.4. Clinical Trials of Neuroprotection in Ophthalmology -- 2.5. Neuroprotective Drugs in Glaucoma -- 2.4.1. Antibiotics -- Minocycline -- Doxycycline -- 2.4.2. Antiglaucomatous Agent -- a-2 Agonists (Brimonidine) -- ß Blockers (Betaxolol, Metipranolol and Timolol) -- Muscarinic Receptor Agonist (Pilocarpine) -- 2.4.3. Ca 2+ Channel Blockers -- Nifedipine -- Flunarizine -- 2.4.4. Antioxidants -- 2.4.5. Cannabinoids -- 2.4.6. NMDA Antagonists, P38 MAPK, and Caspase Inhibitors -- 2.4.7. Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS-2) Inhibitors -- Aminoguanidine -- 2.4.8. Gingko Biloba Extract (GBE) -- 2.4.9. 17beta-Estradiol -- 2.4.10. Erythropoietin -- 3. What's next? New NeuroprotectiveTreatment Targets in Glaucoma -- 3.1. Neurotrophins -- 3.2. Immunomodulatory Compounds.

3.3. Glatiramer Acetate(Ga) (Copolymer A® Copraxone®) -- 3.4. Anti-TNF-a STRATEGIES -- 3.5. Gene Therapy -- 3.6. siRNA -- 3.7. Stem Cells -- References -- Helicobacter Pylori Infection as a RiskFactor for Glaucoma: GeographicalSimilarities and Diversities -- Abstract -- A. Helicobacter Pylori and Glaucoma Association:Shaping the Hypothesis -- B. Pathogenetic Mechanisms via which H. PyloriMay Be Linked to Glaucoma -- C. Greek Data -- D. Turkish Data -- E. Canadian Data -- F. Iranian Data -- G. Chinese Data -- H. Israeli Data -- I. Indian Data -- J. Italian Metanalysis -- K. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Efficacy of Each Glaucoma Drugin Multiple Drug Therapy in Patientswith Open-Angle Glaucomaand Ocular Hypertension -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Patients and Methods -- Patients -- Evaluation of Outcomes -- Study End -- Statistical Analysis -- Results -- Baseline -- The Change in IOP -- Discussion -- 1) The Addition of Anti-Glaucomatous Agents to Β-Blockers -- 2) The Addition of Anti-Glaucomatous Drugs to Prostaglandin Analogues -- I) The Addition of Β-Blockers to Prostaglandin Analogues -- II) The Addition of CAIs to Prostaglandin Analogues -- III) The Addition of Brimonidine to Prostaglandin Analogues -- IV) The Addition of Cholinergic Agonists to Prostaglandin Analogues -- V) A Comparison of Efficacy of Anti-Glaucomatous Drugsas Adjunctive Therapy to Prostaglandin Analogues -- VI) The Addition of Α1-Blocker to Prostaglandin Analogues or Β-Blockers -- VII) A Comparison of Efficacy of Various Combinations -- Fixed Combination -- 1) Timolol/Dorzolamide Fixed Combination -- 2) Latanoprost/Timolol Fixed Combination -- 3) Bimatoprost/Timolol Combination -- 4) Travoprost/Timolol Combination -- 5) Brimonidine/Timolol Combination -- 6) Pilocarpine/Timolol Combination -- Limitations and Conclusion -- References.

Computer-Aided Detectionof Glaucomatous Changes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- 2. Computer-Based Systemfor Detecting Glaucomatous Changes -- 2.1. 2D Parameter Estimation of Vessels Deformation / ClassificationModule -- 2.1.1. Optic Disc Detection -- 2.1.2. Vessel Centreline Detection -- 2.1.3. Registration of the Outer Vessels -- 2.1.4. Manual Selection of Inner Vessels -- 2.1.5. Pixel-Wise Inner Vessel Centreline Correspondence -- 2.1.6. Vessel Abnormality Indicator Calculation -- 2.1.7. Classification -- 2.2. Retinal Image Visualization -- 3. Results -- 3.1. Data Selection -- 3.2. Experimental Results -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Corneal Endothelial Cells Stress DuringAcute Allogenic Graft Rejection -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Oxidative Reactions -- The Oxidant Reaction -- Physiological and Pathological Consequences of the Oxidative Reaction -- Oxidant Stress and Organ Transplantation -- Nitrosative Reactions -- Physiological and Pathological Consequences of the Nitrosative Reaction -- Oxidative-Nitrosative Stress and Cell Death -- Nitrosative Stress and Organ Transplantation -- Oxidative-Nitrosative Stress DuringCorneal Graft Rejection -- Does Oxidative-Nitrosative Stress Affect Corneal Grafted Endothelial CellDeath During Rejection? -- How to Extrapolate the Rat Data to Human Situation? -- Can Corneal Endothelial Cells Be Protected from the Oxidative-NitrosativeStress? -- References -- Variational Approach to StableNumerical Approximation of OptimalDirichlet Boundary Controlsfor the Wave Equation* -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Variational Method -- Algorithm -- 3. Wave Equation With Dirichlet Boundary Control -- 4. Finite-Difference Approximation -- 5. Application of the Variational Method -- 6. Numerical Results -- 7. Conclusion -- References.

Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty(DALK) in Post-Infective Corneal Scars -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Surgical Technique -- Intra-Operative Complications -- Post-Operative Management -- Results -- Conclusion -- References -- Eales' Disease -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Etiopathogenesis -- Clinical Features -- Fluorescein Angiography -- Management -- a. Observation -- b. Medical Therapy -- c. Photocoagulation -- d. Vitreoretinal Surgery -- e. Anterior Retinal Cryo Ablation -- References -- Does an Association Exist betweenIntraocular Pressure-LoweringMedication and Ocular IschemicEvents? A Case-Control Analysis -- Abstract -- What is New? -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Patient Selection -- Statistical Analyses -- Results -- Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Clinical Outcomes and Resultsof Microbiological ContaminationAfter IOL Implantation -A Comparative Study* -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Forceps Folding -- Injector Folding -- Results -- Discussion -- References -- Role of RGM, an Axon GuidanceProtein, in the Degenerationand Regeneration of the Optic Nerve -Implication for the Treatmentof Glaucoma -- Glaucoma -- Axotomy of the Optic Nerve -- The Concept of Guidance by Repulsion -- RGM, the Repulsive Guidance Molecule -- Expression Patterns of RGM and Its ReceptorNeogenin in the Mouse Visual System: C57BL/6Jvs. the Glaucoma Model DBA/2J -- Possible Rescue of Retinal Ganglion Cellswith RGMA Function-Blocking Antibody -- References -- The Impact of Ischemia in Glaucoma -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Techniques for Assessing Ocular Blood Flow -- 2.1. Doppler Ultrasound -- 2.2. Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow -- 2.3. Laser Doppler Techniques -- 2.3.1. Laser Doppler Flowmetry -- 2.3.2. Laser Doppler Velocimetry -- 2.3.3. Confocal Scanning Laser Doppler Flowmetry -- 2.4. Angiography.

2.5. Retinal Vessels Diameter Analyzers.