PERCHLORATES: PRODUCTION, USES AND HEALTH EFFECTS -- PERCHLORATES: PRODUCTION, USES AND HEALTH EFFECTS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- TRENDS IN THE STUDY OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL STABILITY OF PERCHLORATE IONS AGAINST REDUCTIVE ATTACKS -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. HETEROGENEOUS CATALYTIC/ELECTROCATALYTIC ASPECTS OF PERCHLORATE REDUCTION -- 3. REACTION MECHANISMS AND ELECTRODE IMPEDANCE -- 4. REDUCTION OF PERCHLORATE IONS IN THE COURSE OF ANODIC DISSOLUTION AND CORROSION OF METALS -- 5. INTERACTION OF PERCHLORATE IONS WITH IRON GROUP METALS IN AQUEOUS MEDIA -- 6. INVESTIGATION OF ANION ADSORPTION IN THE COURSE OF COUPLED METAL DISSOLUTION AND PERCHLORATE REDUCTION -- 7. SOME INTERESTING RESULTS OF PRACTICAL ASPECTS -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- LITHIUM AND MAGNESIUM PERCHLORATE SOLUTIONS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE RATE AND EQUILIBRIUM OF SOME CYCLOADDITION REACTIONS -- ABSRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ACCELERATION THE DIELS-ALDER REACTION BY COMMON LEWIS ACIDS -- SALT-SOLUTION EFFECT ON THE DIELS-ALDER REACTION -- REACTION (3+2)-CYCLOADDITION -- REACTION (2+2)-CYCLOADDITION -- CAUSE AND EFFECT -- REFERENCES -- STRUCTURAL AND VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES OF CHROMYL PERCHLORATE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF CHROMYL PERCHLORATE -- Structural Analysis -- Vibrational Analysis -- MONODENTATE COORDINATION OF THE PERCHLORATE GROUPS -- C2(1) and C2(2) Structures -- Perchlorate Groups -- Chromyl Group -- BIDENTATE COORDINATION OF THE PERCHLORATE GROUPS -- C2(1) Structure -- Perchlorate Group -- Chromyl Group -- Summary -- Force Field -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- PERCHLORATE FORMATION IN ELECTROCHEMICAL WATER DISINFECTION -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. OCCURRENCE OF PERCHLORATE IN ELECTROLYSIS -- 3. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS -- 3.1. Laboratory-Scale and Semi-Technical Cells for Water Electrolysis -- Chemicals.

Ion analysis -- 3.2. Technical Cells for Brine Electrolysis -- 3.3. Perchlorate Analysis in Experiments Using Technical Cells -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4.1. Experiments in Laboratory-Scale and Semi-Industrial Cells -- 4.1.1. Polarization -- 4.1.2. Species generation and influence factors -- 4.2. By-Product Formation in Technical Cells Equipped with MO Electrodes -- 5. DISCUSSION OF PROBABLE MECHANISMS -- 5.1. General Consideration -- 5.1. Possible Mechanisms -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- Symbols and Abbreviations -- REFERENCES -- METAL PERCHLORATES AS LEWIS ACIDS: A POWERFUL AND VERSATILE TOOL IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Lithium Perchlorate -- MAGNESIUM PERCHLORATE -- ZINC PERCHLORATE -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- ADVANCES IN THE BIOREMEDIATION OF PERCHLORATE -- PERCHLORATE RESPIRING BACTERIA -- Ubiquity and Diversity of (Per) Chlorate Reducing Bacteria -- Perchlorate Reducing Isolates -- Electron Donors and Acceptors Used by PRB for Growth -- Nutritional Requirements for PRB -- THE PERCHLORATE DEGRADATION PATHWAY -- Effects of NO3- on ClO4- Removal -- Effects of O2 on ClO4- Removal -- BIOTREATMENT PROCESSES -- BIOREDUCTION OF ION-EXCHANGE BRINE -- Biotreatment of IX Brine - Bench-Scale Studies -- Biotreatment of IX Brine - The Ion-Exchange Membrane Bioreactor (IEMB) -- Biotreatment of IX Brine - Fluidized Bed Reactor Studies -- Biotreatment of IX Brine - Direct Treatment of IX Resins -- Biotreatment of IX Brine using the Autotrophic H2-based MBfR -- DIRECT BIOREDUCTION OF NO3- AND ClO4- -- Direct Bioreduction of NO3- and ClO4- - Bench-Scale Reactor Studies -- Direct Bioreduction of NO3- and ClO4- - Pilot-Scale Reactor Studies -- Direct Bioreduction of NO3- and ClO4- - Full-Scale Reactor Studies -- Soil Bioremediation Feasibility Tests -- In-Situ Bioremediation Studies -- REFERENCES.

ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY OF (PER)CHLORATE REDUCING BACTERIA -- ABSTRACT -- (Per)Chlorate as Pollutant -- Ecology and Physiology of (Per)Chlorate Reducing Bacteria -- Alternative Electron Acceptors of (P)CRBs -- Electron Donors for (P)CRBs -- Hydrocarbons as Substrates for (P)CRBs -- CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- PERCHLORATE: PRODUCTION, USES AND EFFECTS ON HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT -- ABSTRACT -- PERCHLORATE AND ITS USES -- Anthropogenic and Natural Perchlorate -- Perchlorate Fate in the Environment -- Biological Reduction of Perchlorate -- Perchlorate as an Undesirable Environmental Contaminant -- Perchlorate as a Health Problem -- Perchlorate Detection (Qualitative and Quantitative): New Approaches to Monitoring of Its Environmental Fate -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PERCHLORATES IN THE LABORATORY FOR ANALYTICAL/PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS -- 2.1. Solubility and Hydration -- 2.2. Water Activity -- 2.3. Hoffmeister Series -- 2.4. Surface Activity -- 2.5. Complex Formation and Precipitation -- 3. ORGANIC SOLVENTS -- 4. REDOX PROCESSES -- 5. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS -- 5.1. Wet Ashing -- 5.2. Measurements at Trace Level -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, CHEMICAL BONDING, PHOTOELECTRONIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL PERCHLORATES -- INTRODUCTION -- CALCULATION METHOD -- EQUATION OF STATE -- Chemical Bond -- Core States -- Nature of Electron States and Photoelectron Properties -- Nature of Electronic States and Optical Properties -- REFERENCES -- ALKALINE EARTH METAL PERCHLORATES: ELECTROCHEMICAL PREPARATION AND REACTION MECHANISMS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. State-of-the-art -- 2. REACTION MECHANISM FOR CHLORATE OXIDATION TO PERCHLORATE -- 3. Different Anodes for Perchlorate Formation -- Platinum.

Platinum Coated Titanium Anode (PCTA) -- Lead dioxide anode -- Cathode -- Uses -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 1. Cell Construction and Electrolysis -- 2. Analysis -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 1. Effect of Electrolyte Concentration -- 2. Effect of pH -- 3. Effect of Temperature -- 4. Effect of Cathode Current Density -- 5. Effect of Cathode Peripheral Velocity -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- LITERATURE CITED -- REMOVAL OF PERCHLORATE FROM WATER -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. PERCHLORATE REMOVAL DURING WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT -- 2.1. Perchlorate Removal by Adsorption -- 2.2. Membrane Treatment -- 2.3. Ionic Exchange -- 2.4. Perchlorate Remediation by Biological Treatment -- 3. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- FERRIC PERCHLORATE: AN EFFICIENT CATALYST FOR EXPEDITIOUS AND CHEMO SELECTIVE CONVERSION OF ALDEHYDES TO ACYLALS -- INTRODUCTION -- EXPERIMENTAL -- REFERENCES -- MICROBIAL REDUCTION OF CHLORATE AND PERCHLORATE: PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE GENES ENCODING THE DEGRADATION PATHWAYS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- USES -- WHAT ARE THE SOURCES OF PERCHLORATE CONTAMINATION? -- 1. Natural Sources -- 2. Anthropogenic Sources -- PERCHLORATE PROPERTIES AND HEALTH EFFECTS -- BIODEGRADATION OF PERCHLORATE -- THE PERCHLORATE DEGRADATION PATHWAY -- ARRANGEMENT OF THE GENES ENCODING CHLORATE AND PERCHLORATE DEGRADATION ACTIVITY -- THE REDUCTASES: CHLORATE REDUCTASE AND PERCHLORATE REDUCTASE -- THE CHLORITE DISMUTASES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.