FUNGICIDES: CHEMISTRY,ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTAND HEALTH EFFECTS -- FUNGICIDES: CHEMISTRY,ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTAND HEALTH EFFECTS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- BEHAVIOR OF AERIAL APPLIED4,5,6,7-TETRACHLOROPHTHALIDEIN AIR,WATER AND SOIL -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- DETERMINATION -- BEHAVIOR OF PHTHALIDE IN AIR,WATER AND SOILPHTHALIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- PHTHALIDE RUNOFF FROM PADDY FIELDSTO WATER ENVIRONMENT -- Phthalide applied to pad -- RUNOFF RATIO OF PHTHALIDE FROM PADDY FIELDS -- REFERENCES -- ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF GLYCOLIPIDSSECRETED BY THE YEAST -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CELLOBIOSE LIPID STRUCTURES -- ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF CELLOBIOSE LIPIDS -- MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF CELLOBIOSE LIPIDS -- FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY OF OTHER DETERGENTSAND YEAST GLYCOLIPIDS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- METABOLIC AND INTERACTIONPROPERTIES OF SELECTED FUNGICIDES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. XENOBIOTIC-METABOLIZING ENZYMESAND THEIR ROLE IN TOXICOKINETICS -- 1.1. Phase I Enzymes and Reactions (Functionalization Reactions) -- 1.2. Phase II Enzymes and Reactions (Conjugation Reactions) -- 2. IN VITRO AND HUMAN-DERIVED TECHNIQUES FORTESTING XENOBIOTICS METABOLISM -- 2.1. Subcellular Fractions -- 2.2. cDNA-Expressed CYPs (Single-Enzyme Systems) -- 2.3. Hepatocytes -- 2.4. Liver Slices -- 2.5. Immortalized Cell Lines -- 2.6. Organ Perfusion -- 3. IN VITRO METABOLISM OF PESTICIDES -- 3.1. Analytical Techniques Used in Metabolite Identification -- 4. IN VITRO TECHNIQUES FOR TESTING INTERACTIONS -- 4.1. Single Substrate Assay -- 4.2. Cocktail Reactions -- 5. CYP INTERACTIONS WITH FUNGICIDES -- 5.1. Cross Species Differences -- 5.2. Sex and Tissue Related Differences -- 5.3. Comparison of Different Fungicides -- 6. LITERATURE SURVEY ON IN VITRO METABOLIC ANDKINETIC PROPERTIES OF FUNGICIDES IN MAMMALS -- 6.1. Phenylamide Fungicides.

6.2. Triazole Fungicides -- 6.3. Oxathiin Fungicides -- 6.4. Pentachlorophenol Fungicide -- 7. APPLICATION OF IN VITRO DATA TO HELP RISKASSESSMENT OF FUNGICIDES -- 8. CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY FOR ULTRA-TRACEDETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION OFFUNGICIDES AND OTHER PRIORITYSUBSTANCES CONCERNED BY EUROPEANREGULATIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL PARTS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. OVERVIEW OF THE DIFFERENT ANALYTICAL METHODSREPORTED IN THE LITERATUREFOR THE ANALYSIS OF FUNGICIDES -- 1.1. Occurrence of Fungicides in Fruits and Vegetables -- 1.2. Occurrence of Fungicides in Contaminated Animals -- 1.3. Occurrence of Fungicides in Environment -- 2. HIGH-PERFORMANCE ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY -- 2.1. Selection of Fungicides -- 2.2. Methodology Extraction Optimisation -- Experimental Design for Extraction Approach -- 2.3. Analytical Part -- 3. RESULTS OF REAL SAMPLES -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS PRODUCED BYPLANT ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. DISCOVERY OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDSFROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI -- 2.1. Host Plant Selection -- 2.2. Isolation of the Endophytic Fungi -- 2.3. Taxonomic Identification of the Fungal Isolates -- 2.4. Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation of the Extracts and Compounds -- 3. ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS ISOLATEDFROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI -- 3.1. Alkaloids -- 3.2. Peptides -- 3.3. Steroids -- 3.4. Terpenoids -- 3.5. Phenols and Phenolic Acids -- 3.6. Quinones -- 3.7. Aliphatics -- 3.8. Lactones -- 3.9. Isocoumarin Derivatives -- 3.10. Benzophenones -- 3.11. Other Classes of Compounds -- 4. DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKSOF THE FUNGICIDE AND BIOCIDEDICHLOFLUANID (A REVIEW) -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ANTIFOULING PRODUCTS -STRATEGY OF BIOFOULING PREVENTION -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES.

EFFECT OF TOLYLFLUANID ON MICRONUCLEUSINDUCTION IN SHEEP PERIPHERAL BLOODLYMPHOCYTES IN VITRO -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 2.1. Chemicals -- 2.2. Lymphocyte Cultures -- 2.3. Micronucleus Analysis -- 2.4. Nuclear Division Index -- 2.5. Statistical Analysis -- 3. RESULTS -- 4. DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- ANTIMICROBIAL TREATMENTSOF INDOOR MOLD AND BACTERIA -- ABSTRACT -- AUTHOR SUMMARY -- ANTIMICROBIAL TREATMENTS AS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES -- (A) Antimicrobial Encapsulants -- (B) Antimicrobial Cleaners -- (C) Antimicrobial Paints -- (D) Antimicrobial UVC Irradiation -- SUMMARY -- TECHNICAL FINDINGS.EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL TREATMENTSAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES -- REFERENCES -- DETERMINATION OF FUNGICIDE RESIDUESIN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SEPARATIVE METHODS -- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy -- HPLC-Mass Spectroscopy -- GC-MS-LC-MS -- SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS -- ELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS -- IMMUNOANALYTICAL METHODS -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- GLOBAL ADAPTIVE RESPONSE ANDRESISTANCE TO AGRICULTURAL FUNGICIDES:LESSONS FROM YEAST AND PHYTOPATHOGENICFUNGI -- ABSTRACT -- ABBREVIATIONS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. TOXICOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURALFUNGICIDES AND UNDERLYING MECHANISMS -- 3. MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE TO AGRICULTURALFUNGICIDES IDENTIFIED IN YEAST ANDIN PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI THROUGHGENE-BY-GENE ANALYSIS -- 3.1. The Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Phenomenon -- 3.2. Drug Efflux Pumps -- 3.3. Transcriptional Regulation Networks Controlling Fungicide Resistance -- 4. MECHANISMS OF TOXICITY OF, AND RESISTANCE TO,AGRICULTURAL FUNGICIDES IDENTIFIED THROUGH GENOMEWIDEAPPROACHES -- 4.1. Toxicogenomic Approaches -- 4.2. Global Response to Benomyl in Yeast -- 4.3. Global Response to Mancozeb in Yeast -- 5. FINAL REMARKS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES -- 6. REFERENCES.

FUNGICIDE RESIDUE ANALYSIS INENVIRONMENTAL, BIOLOGICAL ANDFOOD SAMPLES: A REVIEW -- ABSTRACT -- ABBREVIATIONS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. ANALYTICAL METHODS OF FUNGICIDE RESIDUES -- 3. ANALYSIS OF FUNGICIDE RESIDUES IN ENVIRONMENTALSAMPLES -- 4. ANALYSIS OF FUNGICIDE RESIDUESIN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES -- 5. ANALYSIS OF FUNGICIDE RESIDUES IN FOOD SAMPLES -- 6. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE TRENDS -- REFERENCES -- DETERMINATION OF BENZIMIDAZOLECOMPOUNDS IN FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTALSAMPLES: A REVIEW -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGIES USEDFOR SAMPLE TREATMENT -- 1. Extraction of Benzimidazole Compounds -- 2. Sample Clean-up and Enrichment -- ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGIES USED FOR THE DETECTION OFBENZIMIDAZOLE COMPOUNDS -- 1. Immunoassays -- 2. Gas Chromatography (GC) -- 3. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) -- 3.1. Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography -- 3.2. Ionic Pair Liquid Chromatography -- 3.3. Normal Phase Liquid Chromatography -- 3.4. Cation Exchange Chromatography -- 3.5. Liquid Chromatography on Selective Stationary Phases -- 4. CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS (CE) -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- DISAPPEARANCE OF FUNGICIDES IN FRESHAND PROCESSED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.INFLUENCE OFTHE ELABORATION TECHNIQUES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- DISSIPATION OF FUNGICIDES IN CROPS -- ELIMINATION OF PESTICIDES IN INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES -- ELIMINATION OF FUNGICIDE RESIDUES IN PRODUCTSOBTAINED BY FERMENTATIVE PROCESSES -- REFERENCES -- APPLE SCAB AND POWDERY MILDEWDEMETHYLATION INHIBITOR (DMI)FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE INAPPLE, CHERRY, AND ROSE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Apple Scab Survey -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Apple Scab -- Apple Powdery Mildew -- Cherry Powdery Mildew -- Rose Powdery Mildew -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- OCCURRENCE, PROBLEMS, ANALYSIS ANDREMOVAL OF FILAMENTOUS FUNGI INDRINKING WATER -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION.

NATURAL CONTAMINATION -- Occurrence of Filamentous Fungi in Drinking Water -- Relevance of Filamentous Fungi in Water -- Distributed Water -- Human Mycoses -- Allergic Responses -- Mycotoxins -- Tastes and Odours -- Pigments -- Stored Water -- Bottled Water -- Stored Water Tanks -- UNNATURAL CONTAMINATION -- Biological Weapons (Nefarious Contamination) -- Fungal Biological Control Agents -- METHODS -- Fungal Isolations -- Enumeration -- Identification and Characterisation of Fungi in Water -- RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.