INNOVATIVE REGULATORY APPROACHES COPING WITH SCANDINAVIAN AND EUROPEAN UNION POLICIES -- INNOVATIVE REGULATORY APPROACHES COPING WITH SCANDINAVIAN AND EUROPEAN UNION POLICIES -- CONTENTS -- EDITOR'S PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- THE 'REGULATORY STATE' IN THE STUDY OF SCANDINAVIAN AND EUROPEAN GOVERNANCE:1 INTRODUCTORY ASPECTS -- APPROACHES -- MODES OF REGULATION -- TRENDS OF DOMINANCE -- Trend 1: The Use of Legal Authority -- Trend 2: The Expanding Role of the EU -- Trend 3: The Contributions of Regulators -- Trend 4: The Audit Explosion -- Trend 5: The Weakening of Corporatist Institutions -- PREVAILING GOVERNANCE STRATEGIES OF THE REGULATORY STATE -- The Strategy of Modernization -- The Strategy and Agencification -- TRANSFORMATIONS -- Transformation of Institutional Self-Regulation -- Formalization of Relationships -- THE STUDY OF REGULATORY INNOVATION -- INNOVATION OF INSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS -- REGULATORY INNOVATION - A CASE OF SCANDINAVIAN INVOLVEMENT WITH THE EU -- DILEMMAS OF THE REGULATORY STATE -- REGULATION THROUGH ETHICS -- REFERENCES -- TRANSLATIONS AND INTERNAL REGULATIONS: SCANDINAVIAN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS1 -- INTRODUCTION -- THE NATIONAL AND LOCAL CONTEXTS -- THE EMPIRICAL PHENOMENON AND THEORETICAL CONSTRUCTION -- THEORETICAL APPROACHES: TWO COMPLEMENTARY PERSPECTIVES -- INTERNAL REGULATION IN SCANDINAVIAN MUNICIPALITIES: DIFFERENT TOOLS -- CONTRACT STEERING AS REGULATORY TOOL, DENMARK -- BALANCED SCORECARDS AND LEADER CONTRACTS AS REGULATORY TOOLS, NORWAY -- ANALYSIS: REGULATION INSIDE LOCAL GOVERNMENTS -- THE SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPLICITATION -- INFORMAL INTERNAL REGULATION -- THE ROLE OF POLITICIANS -- SUMMARY: SIMILARITIES AD DIFFERENCES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- USING A SOFT MODE OF GOVERNANCE TO FACILITATE TRADE: REGULATORY CO-OPERATION BETWEEN THE EU AND CANADA -- INTRODUCTION.

TRADE FACILITATION: REDUCING NON-TARIFF BARRIERS TO TRADE (NTMS) -- HARD INSTRUMENTS TO FACILITATE TRADE -- SOFT INSTRUMENTS TO FACILITATE TRADE -- THE EU-CANADA BILATERAL TRADE RELATIONS: MAIN FEATURES OF THE REGULATORY CO-OPERATION -- The Institutional Set-Up -- Procedures for Information-Sharing and Regulatory Consultations -- PROCEDURES FOR EXCHANGING EXPERIENCES AND IDENTIFYING BEST PRACTICES -- THE EFFECTS OF REGULATORY CO-OPERATION -- Increasing Governmental Concern towards Specific Problems and Relations -- Building National Capacity to Deal with the Issues at Hand -- Enhancing 'The Contractual Environment': Moving Issues Forward -- Building Confidence: Preventing and Resolving Problems -- ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES OF APPLYING A SOFT MODE OF GOVERNANCE TO FACILITATE TRADE -- REFERENCES -- REGULATING EUROPEAN BORDERS: A CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE -- PRELUDE -- INTRODUCTION -- I. STATE OF THE ART OF STATE/CULTURE THEORY AND THE LINK TO EUROPEAN BORDER STUDIES -- II. TOWARDS 'ANOTHER CULTURE'? BORDER 'DIALECTICS' -- III. LOOKING UP BENJAMIN'S CHIMNEY HOLE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- FRIENDS FOREVER? INTEREST ORGANIZATIONS, PLURALISM, TRANSPARENCY, AND CONSENSUAL POLICY MAKING IN SCANDINAVIA1 -- INTRODUCTION -- THE RISE OF SCANDINAVIAN CORPORATISM -- THE DECLINE OF SCANDINAVIAN CORPORATISM -- THE STRUCTURE OF INTEREST REPRESENTATION -- TRANSPARENCY AND SPEED OF THE POLICY PROCESS -- PLURALISM, TRANSPARENCY, AND SCANDINAVIAN CORPORATISM -- REFERENCES -- EU REGULATION AND NATIONAL INNOVATION: THE CASE OF NORWEGIAN PETROLEUM POLICY -- INTRODUCTION -- ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND POLITICAL ECONOMY -- THE STATE AS POLITICAL ENTREPRENEUR -- ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND NATIONAL MANOEUVRING ROOM -- THE EEA AGREEMENT -- THE NORWEGIAN STATE AS PETROLEUM ENTREPRENEUR -- EU AND NORWAY: FROM CONFLICT TO COOPERATION AND INNOVATIVE ADAPTATION.

THE EEA AGREEMENT AND NORWEGIAN PETROLEUM POLICY -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- THE NORWEGIAN PENSION FUND:1 AN ETHICAL 'GOLD STANDARD' FOR INTERNATIONAL CLIMATIC INVESTMENTS? -- INTRODUCTION -- NORWEGIAN GOVERNMENT PENSION FUND - GLOBAL -- A GOLD STANDARD? -- CONSULTATIVE PROCESS -- CRITICISM -- BENCHMARK PORTFOLIO -- REAL ESTATE AND THE ENVIRONMENT -- ACTIVE OWNERSHIP -- A CLIMATIC FUND -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CONTRIBUTORS -- APPENDIX 1 -- ETHICAL GUIDELINES -- THE NORWEGIAN GOVERNMENT PENSION FUND - GLOBAL -- INDEX.