NORTH KOREA:ISSUES AND U.S. POLICY -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1THE NORTH KOREAN ECONOMY:LEVERAGE AND POLICY ANALYSIS* -- ABSTRACT -- MAJOR POINTS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS -- RECENT EVENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- OVERVIEW OF THE DPRK ECONOMY -- ECONOMIC PHILOSOPHY -- INDUSTRIAL SECTORS -- ECONOMIC REFORMS AND FREE TRADE ZONES -- Foreign Investment -- Kaesong Industrial Complex[66] -- Investment from China -- INTERNATIONAL TRADE -- OTHER SOURCES OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE -- Legal Sources of Funds -- ILLEGAL OR QUESTIONABLE SOURCES OF FUNDS[93] -- U.S.-DPRK TRADE RELATIONS -- NORTH-SOUTH KOREAN ECONOMIC RELATIONS -- CHINA-DPRK ECONOMIC RELATIONS -- JAPAN-DPRK ECONOMIC RELATIONS -- RUSSIA-DPRK ECONOMIC RELATIONS -- U.S. INTERESTS, STRATEGY, AND POLICY -- U.S. Interests, Goals, and Strategy -- Current U.S. Policy -- The Six-Party Talks -- Possible Economic Incentives -- LEGISLATIVE ACTION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2NORTH KOREA: ECONOMIC SANCTIONS* -- ABSTRACT -- BACKGROUND -- U.S. Economic Sanctions Against North Korea -- Recent Turn of Events -- U.S. ECONOMIC SANCTIONS CURRENTLY IN PLACE -- Trade -- Aid -- Arms Sales and Arms Transfers -- Access to Assets -- APPENDIX I: OTHER CRS PRODUCTS RELATING TO NORTH KOREA -- Overview -- Proliferation -- Counterfeiting, International Narcotics Control -- Foreign Aid -- APPENDIX II: NORTH KOREA -ECONOMIC SANCTIONS CURRENTLY IMPOSED IN FURTHERANCEOF U.S. FOREIGN POLICY OR NATIONAL SECURITY OBJECTIVES -- APPENDIX III: NORTH KOREAN ENTITIES CITED FOR PROLIFERATIONACTIVITIES UNDER U.S. LAW -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3NORTH KOREAN REFUGEES IN CHINA ANDHUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES: INTERNATIONALRESPONSE AND U.S. POLICY OPTIONS* -- ABSTRACT -- OVERVIEW -- PROTECTING REFUGEES -- The U.N. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees -- The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) -- PROFILE OF NORTH KOREAN REFUGEES[10].

Scope of the Problem -- Conditions in China -- Push and Pull Factors -- DPRK Policy towards those Seeking Refuge in China -- CHINA'S POLICY TOWARDS NORTH KOREANS SEEKING REFUGE -- Application of the Refugee Convention and Protocol -- The Status of North Koreans in China -- China's Policy Considerations -- TRANSIT AND FINAL DESTINATIONS FOR REFUGEES -- The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) -- High-Profile Bids for Asylum -- South Korea -- Escape Routes through Third Countries -- CONGRESSIONAL RESPONSE -- Human Rights and Refugee Issues in Overall North Korea Policy -- The North Korean Human Rights Act -- Linking Security and Human Rights -- Regime Change as a Motivation? -- REGIONAL RESPONSES TO NKHRA -- South Korea -- China -- Japan -- OPTIONS FOR CONGRESS AND OTHER POLICYMAKERS -- Encourage Refugee Flows to Destabilize the North Korean Regime -- Provide Protection Versus Status to Refugees -- Resettle Larger Numbers of North Korean Refugees in the United States -- Implement the Responsibility to Protect -- Encourage North Korea and China to HonorInternational Treaty Obligations -- Call Attention to North Korea's Human Rights Record -- Address Human Rights as Part of a Package Deal -- Conduct Quiet Diplomacy -- Introduce Additional Legislation on Human Rights -- APPENDIX A. OVERVIEW OF THE U.S. REFUGEE PROGRAM -- APPENDIX B.MAPS OF NORTH KOREA -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4NORTH KOREA:TERRORISM LIST REMOVAL?* -- ABSTRACT -- PRESIDENT BUSH'S ANNOUNCEMENT OFNORTH KOREA'S DELISTING -- BACKGROUND -- U.S.-North Korean Negotiations -- TERRORIST STATE ACTIVITY DESIGNATIONS -- State Sponsors/Supporters List -- Nations Not Fully Cooperating Category -- ADDING AND REMOVING COUNTRIES ON THE LIST -- RATIONALE AND BACKGROUND FORDPRK RETENTION ON THE TWO LISTS -- NORTH KOREA PREVIOUSLY CITEDFOR POSSIBLE REMOVAL -- PROSPECTS FOR REMOVAL ARE SET BACK.

PROCESS FOR REMOVAL MOVES FORWARD -- NEW REPORTS OF SUPPORT OF TERRORIST GROUPS -- Hezbollah -- Tamil Tigers -- Iranian Revolutionary Guard -- POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF REMOVING NORTH KOREA FROM THELIST OF STATE SPONSORS OF TERRORISM -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5U.S. ASSISTANCE TO NORTH KOREA* -- ABSTRACT -- FOOD AID -- ENERGY ASSISTANCE -- KEDO -- Assistance Related to the Six-Party Talks -- THE NORTH KOREAN HUMAN RIGHTS ACT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6NORTH KOREA'S ABDUCTION OF JAPANESECITIZENS AND THE SIX-PARTY TALKS* -- ABSTRACT -- BACKGROUND -- THE EFFECT OF THE ABDUCTIONS ONJAPAN'S POLITICAL LANDSCAPE -- THE YOKOTA CASE -- THE ABDUCTIONS ISSUE IN THE SIX-PARTY TALKS -- U.S.-Japanese Tension -- Japan-North Korean Bilateral Talks -- Prospects for a Change in Tokyo's Policy -- THE ABDUCTIONS ISSUE AND REGIONAL RELATIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7NORTH KOREANCRIME-FOR-PROFIT ACTIVITIES* -- ABSTRACT -- OVERVIEW[1] -- ILLICIT DRUG PRODUCTION AND TRAFFICKING -- Allegations of State Involvement -- Reported Scope of Illicit Drug Activity -- Rising Domestic Drug Production and Abuse? -- MANUFACTURE AND DISTRIBUTION OFCOUNTERFEIT U.S.CURRENCY -- Incidents Linking the DPRK to Counterfeiting Activity -- Banco Delta Asia Bank Action -- OTHER ILLICIT ACTIVITY -- Counterfeit Cigarettes -- Insurance Fraud -- Endangered Species Trafficking -- Human Trafficking -- POLICY AND PROSPECTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8BRIEFING AND HEARING BEFORE THECOMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS, HOUSE OFREPRESENTATIVES, ONE HUNDRED TENTHCONGRESS, FIRST SESSION, JANUARY 18 ANDFEBRUARY 28, 2007* -- NORTH KOREATHURSDAY, JANUARY 18, 2007 -- STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE WILLIAM PERRY,SENIOR FELLOW AT THE HOOVER INSTITUTION,FORMER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE -- PREPARED STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE WILLIAM PERRY,SENIOR FELLOW AT THE HOOVER INSTITUTION,FORMER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE.

STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE JAMES LILLEY, FORMERUNITED STATES AMBASSADOR TO SOUTH KOREA -- Chapter 9NORTH KOREAN HUMAN RIGHTS: AN UPDATE,HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ONASIA, THE PACIFIC, AND THE GLOBALENVIRONMENT OF THE COMMITTEE ONFOREIGN AFFAIRS, HOUSE OFREPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TENTHCONGRESS FIRST SESSION MARCH 1, 2007* -- PREPARED STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLEENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESSFROM AMERICAN SAMOA, AND CHAIRMAN, SUBCOMMITTEEON ASIA, THE PACIFIC, AND THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT -- PREPARED STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLEDONALD A.MANZULLO, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESSFROM THE STATE OF ILLINOIS -- STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE JAY LEFKOWITZ,SPECIAL ENVOY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN NORTH KOREA -- PREPARED STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE JAY LEFKOWITZ,SPECIAL ENVOY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN NORTH KOREA -- INDEX.