PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY EXAMINATIONS -- PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY EXAMINATIONS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 CHEMICAL KINETICS -- 1.0. LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES -- 1.1.WHAT IS CHEMICAL KINETICS -- Why Study Reaction Kinetics (Rates of a Reaction)? -- 1.2. KINETIC ANALYSIS ENABLES US TO -- Rate of reaction -- Exercise 1.1. -- 1.3. RATE LAWS AND RATE CONSTANTS -- Rate Equation -- Reaction Order -- How Are the Unit(S) of K Determined? -- 1.4. DETERMINATION OF THE RATE EQUATION AND ORDER -- 1.4.1. The Van't Hoff Method -- 1.4.2. The Initial Rates Method -- Exercise 1.2. -- Solution -- Exercise 1.3. -- 1.4.3. Integrated Rate Equations -- Zero Order Reactions (N = 0) -- First Order Reactions( N = 1) -- Integrated Rate Equations for Second Order Reactions(N = 2) -- Integrated Rate Equation for Third Order Reactions( N=3) -- Half-Life Method -- Summary -- 1.5. MORE COMPLEX REACTIONS -- 1.5.1. Isolation Method -- Exercise 1.4. -- Solution -- Solution -- Summary -- 1.6. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON RATE OF REACTION -- Exercise 1.5. The Determination of the Arrhenius Parameters -- Solution -- Exercise 1.6. Determination of Arrhenius Parameters -- Comments -- Significance of Arrhenius Parameters -- Chapter 2 COLLISION THEORY AND FREE RADICAL MECHANISM -- EXERCISE 2.1. -- 2.0. COLLISION FREQUENCY, MEAN FREE PATH AND COLLISION NUMBER -- Collision Diameter and Cross-Section -- Summary -- 2.1. COLLISION FREQUENCY, COLLISION NUMBER AND MEAN FREE PATH -- 2.05 Pre-Exponential Factor, Collision Number and Steric Factor -- REACTION MECHANISM -- 2.1. Reaction Order and Molecularity -- 2.2. Testing/Proposing the Reaction Mechanism -- Consecutive Reactions -- 2.3. Free Radical Reaction Chain Mechanisms -- Unimolecular Reactions -- Exercise 2.3. -- First Order Reactions -- 2.4. The Kinetic Theory of Gases -- Exercise 2.4. -- 2.4.1. Mean Speed.

TUTORIAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAPTERS ONE AND TWO -- Question 1 -- Solution to Question 1 -- Solution to Question 2 -- Question 3. -- Solution to Question Three -- Question 4 -- Solution to Question 4 -- Question 5 -- REVISION QUESTIONS: CHAPTERS ONE AND TWO STUDENTS ARE ENCOURAGED TO WORK THROUGH THESE QUESTIONS -- Chapter 3 CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS (FIRST LAW) -- GENERAL LEARNING OUTCOMES -- CONCEPT OF ENERGY, WORK AND HEAT -- 3.0. INTERNAL OR TOTAL ENERGY (U) -- THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS -- Exercise: 3.1. -- Solution to Exercise 3.1. -- ADIABATIC PROCESSES -- Exercise 3.2. -- 3.1. MEASUREMENT OF INTERNAL ENERGY(U) -- 3.1.1. Reactions at Constant Volume -- 3.1.2. Enthalpy (H) -- 3.2. PATH OF CHANGE -- Exercise 3.3. -- 3.3. EXOTHERMIC AND ENDOTHERMIC REACTIONS -- Exercise 3.4. -- SUMMARY -- Exercise 3.5. -- Solution to Exercise 3.5 -- 3.4. VARIATION OF ENTHALPY WITH TEMPERATURE- THE KIRCHOFF'S EQUATION -- Exercise 3.7. -- 3.5. HEAT CAPACITY AND UNITS -- Relationship between U, H and C. -- 3.6. REVERSIBLE AND IRREVERSIBLE CHANGES -- SUMMARY OF CHAPTER THREE -- Revision Questions in Chapter Three -- 3.8.2. Tutorial Questions and Answers -- Question 2 -- Solution to Question 1 -- Solution to Question 2 -- Question 3 - Using Kirchhoff's Law -- Solution to Question 3 -- Chapter 4 THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS -- THE SECOND LAW -- DEFINITIONS -- 4.0. Thermodynamically Reversible -- 4.1. Thermodynamically Irreversible -- Spontaneous Changes -- Non Spontaneous -- 4.2. Spontaneous Changes -- 4.3. The Dispersal of Energy -- 4.4. The Meaning of Entropy(S) -- 4.4.1. Definition of Entropy -- FOR A THERMODYNAMICALLY REVERSIBLE PROCESS -- 4.3. Spontaneous Cooling -- 4.4. Entropy of Phase Transitions -- 4.4.1. Entropy, Temperature and the Third Law -- 4.4.2. Efficiencies of Thermal Processes -- 4.4.3. Production of Heat From Work.

4.6. Gibbs Free Energy (G) -- Proof -- Summary -- Exercise 4.1. -- Variation of G with Composition -- 4.6.1. G and Spontaneity -- Exercise 3.2. Worked Examples -- Solution -- Exercise 3.3: Calculating Go .from Kp -- Exercise 4.4. -- 4.7. Gibbs-Helmholtz Equation (Variation of G with Temperature ) -- 4.7.1. The Variation of the Equilibrium Constant with Temperature -- Exercise 3.5. -- Chapter 5 SURFACE CHEMISTRY -- LEARNING OBJECTIVES -- 5.0. WHAT IS SURFACE CHEMISTRY? -- 5.1. SOLID/GAS ADSORPTION -- 5.2. THERMODYNAMICS OF ADSORPTION -- 5.3. ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS -- 5.2.1. The Langmuir Isotherm -- 5.2.2. Drawbacks of the Langmuir Isotherm -- 5.3. Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm -- 5.4. Temkin Adsorption Isotherm -- 5.5. B.E.T Adsorption Isotherm -- Exercise 5.1. -- Using the Langmuir Isotherm -- Exercise 5.2. -- Measuring the Isosteric Enthalpy of Adsorption -- Solution -- Exercise 5.3. -- Exercise 5.4. -- Using the BET Isotherm -- 5.6. Practical Uses of Adsorption Processes -- 1. Catalysis -- 2. Determination of Solid Surface Areas -- 3. Adsorption of Impurities -- 4. Surfactants -- 5. Separation processes. -- SUMMARY OF CHAPTER FIVE -- Revision Questions -- Question 5.1. -- Solution -- Question 5.2. -- Solution to Question 5.2. -- Enthalpy of Adsorption Determination -- Question 5.3. -- Using The Langmuir Isotherm -- Solution to Question 5.3 -- Question 5.4. -- Measuring the Isosteric Enthalpy of Adsorption -- Solution to Question 5.4. -- Exercise 5.5. -- 5.6. Using the BET Isotherm -- Solution to Question 5.6 -- Chapter 6 UNITS AND PHYSICAL CONSTANTS IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY -- INDEX.