TREATMENT OF TANNERY EFFLUENTSBY MEMBRANE SEPARATIONTECHNOLOGY -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- INTRODUCTION -- TANNERY AS SOURCE OF POLLUTING EFFLUENT -- REFERENCES -- TREATMENT METHODS -- CONVENTIONAL METHODS OF TREATMENT PROCESS -- LIMITATIONS OF CONVENTIONAL PROCESSES -- MEMBRANE BASED PROCESSES -- REFERENCES -- TREATMENT OF SOAKING EFFLUENT -- ABSTRACT -- 3.1. SOAKING EFFLUENT -- 3.2. PRETREATMENT -- 3.3. SELECTION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES -- 3.3.1. Membranes -- 3.3.2. Membrane Experiments -- Stirred Cell and Operating Conditions -- 3.3.3. Performance Testing of Various Membranes -- 3.4. DETAILED STUDY OF TREATMENT OF SOAKING EFFLUENT -- 3.4.1. Cross Flow Cell and Operating Conditions -- 3.4.2. Analysis of Transient Flux Decline -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 3.4.3. Analysis of Steady State Flux -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 3.4.4. Analysis of Various Resistances -- 3.4.5. Enhancement of Steady State Permeate Flux -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 3.4.6. Permeate Quality Analysis -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 3.4.7. Sludge Characterization -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TREATMENT OF LIMING EFFLUENT -- ABSTRACT -- 4.1. EFFLUENT CONTENT -- 4.2. PRETREATMENT -- 4.3. SELECTION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES -- 4.3.1. Membranes -- 4.3.2. Membrane Experiments -- 4.3.3. Performance Testing of Various Membranes -- 4.4. DETAILED STUDY OF TREATMENT OF LIMING EFFLUENT -- 4.4.1. Cross Flow Cell and Operating Conditions -- 4.4.2. Analysis of Transient Flux Decline -- Ultrafiltration -- Nanofiltration -- 4.4.3. Analysis of Steady State Flux -- Ultrafiltration -- Nanofiltration -- 4.4.4. Analysis of Various Resistances -- 4.4.5. Enhancement of Steady State Permeate Flux -- Ultrafiltration -- Nanofiltration -- 4.4.6. Permeate Quality Analysis -- Ultrafiltration -- Nanofiltration -- 4.4.7. Sludge Characterization.

CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TREATMENT OF DELIMING-BATING EFFLUENT -- ABSTRACT -- 5.1. EFFLUENT CONTENT -- 5.2. PRETREATMENT -- 5.3. SELECTION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES -- 5.3.1. Membranes -- 5.3.2. Membrane Experiments -- 5.3.3. Performance Testing of Various Membranes -- 5.4. DETAILED STUDY OF TREATMENT OF DELIMING-BATINGEFFLUENT -- 5.4.1. Cross Flow Cell and Operating Conditions -- 5.4.2. Analysis of Transient Flux Decline -- Ultrafiltration -- Nanofiltration -- 5.4.3. Analysis of Steady State Flux -- Ultrafiltration -- Nanofiltration -- 5.4.4. Analysis of Various Resistances -- 5.4.5. Enhancement of Steady State Permeate Flux -- Ultrafiltration -- Nanofiltration -- 5.4.6. Permeate Quality Analysis -- Ultrafiltration -- Nanofiltration -- 5.4.7. Sludge Characterization -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TREATMENT OF PICKLING EFFLUENT -- ABSTRACT -- 6.1. EFFLUENT CONTENT -- 6.2. PRETREATMENT -- 6.3. SELECTION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES -- 6.3.1. Membranes -- 6.3.2. Membrane Experiments -- Stirred Cell and Operating Conditions -- 6.3.3. Performance Testing of Various Membranes -- 6.4. DETAILED STUDY OF TREATMENT OF PICKLING EFFLUENT -- 6.4.1. Cross Flow Cell and Operating Conditions -- 6.4.2. Analysis of Transient Flux Decline -- 6.4.3 Analysis of Steady State Flux -- 6.4.4. Analysis of Various Resistances -- 6.4.5. Permeate Quality Analysis -- 6.4.6. Sludge Characterization -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TREATMENT OF DEGREASING EFFLUENT -- ABSTRACT -- 7.1. EFFLUENT CONTENT -- 7.2. PRETREATMENT -- 7.3. SELECTION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES -- 7.3.1. Membranes -- 7.3.2. Membrane Experiments -- 7.3.3. Performance Testing of Various Membranes -- 7.4. DETAILED STUDY OF TREATMENT OF DEGREASING EFFLUENT -- 7.4.1. Cross Flow Cell and Operating Conditions -- 7.4.2. Analysis of Transient Flux Decline -- 7.4.3. Analysis of Steady State Flux.

7.4.4. Analysis of Various Resistances -- 7.4.5. Enhancement of Steady State Permeate Flux -- 7.4.6. Permeate Quality Analysis -- 7.4.7. Sludge Characterization -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TREATMENT OF TANNING EFFLUENT -- ABSTRACT -- 8.1. TANNING EFFLUENT -- 8.2. SELECTION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES -- 8.2.1. Membranes -- 8.2.2. Membrane Experiments -- 8.2.3. Performance Testing of Various Membranes -- 8.3. DETAILED STUDY OF TREATMENT OF TANNING EFFLUENT -- 8.3.1. Cross Flow Cell and Operating Conditions -- 8.3.2. Analysis of Transient Flux Decline -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 8.3.3. Analysis of Steady State Flux -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 8.3.4. Analysis of Various Resistances -- 8.3.5. Enhancement of Steady State Permeate Flux -- Nanofiltration -- 8.3.6. Permeate Quality Analysis -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TREATMENT OF DYEING EFFLUENT -- ABSTRACT -- 9.1. DYEING EFFLUENT -- 9.2. SELECTION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES -- 9.2.1. Membranes -- 9.2.2. Membrane Experiments -- Stirred Cell and Operating Conditions -- 9.2.3. Performance Testing of Various Membranes -- 9.3. DETAILED STUDY OF TREATMENT OF DYEING EFFLUENT -- 9.3.1. Cross Flow Cell and Operating Conditions -- 9.3.2. Optical Studies and Image Analysis -- 9.3.3. Analysis of Transient Flux Decline -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 9.3.4. Analysis of Steady State Permeate Flux -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 9.3.5. Analysis of Various Resistance -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 9.3.6. Microscopy Based Quantification of Fouling -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 9.3.7. Enhancement of Steady State Permeate Flux -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 9.3.8. Permeate Quality Analysis -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TREATMENT OF FATLIQUORING EFFLUENT -- ABSTRACT.

10.1. EFFLUENT CONTENT -- 10.2. PRETREATMENT -- 10.3. SELECTION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES -- 10.3.1. Membranes -- 10.3.2. Membrane Experiments -- Stirred Cell and Operating Conditions -- 10.3.3. Performance Testing of Various Membranes -- 10.4. DETAILED STUDY OF TREATMENT OF FATLIQUORINGEFFLUENT -- 10.4.1. Cross Flow Cell and Operating Conditions -- 10.4.2. Analysis of Transient Flux Decline -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 10.4.3. Analysis of Steady State Flux -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 10.4.3. Analysis of Various Resistances -- 10.4.4. Enhancement of Steady State Permeate Flux -- Nanofiltration -- Reverse Osmosis -- 10.4.5. Permeate Quality Analysis -- 10.4.6. Sludge Characterization -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.