Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction. Relationships in Research: A New Paradigm -- A Brief History: Images and Ethics of Human Subjects Research -- Problem Cases -- Moral Principles -- Domestic and International Research: Do the Regulations Apply? -- Policy: The Regulations -- CIOMS Guidelines -- A Paradigm Shift: Are the Regulations Enough? -- Toward a New Analysis -- Notes -- Keynote Essay -- Introduction -- Is Ethics Universal?: Gender, Science, and Culture in Reproductive Health Research (Ruth Macklin) -- The Universality of Ethical Principles Governing Research -- Research Ethics beyond Regulations -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Case 1. Contracts and Covenants -- Introduction -- Contract and Covenant in Curacao: Reciprocal Relationships in Scholarly Research (Alan F. Benjamin) -- Setting -- Issues and Motivations -- Discussion -- Notes -- Commentary 1. Contract and Covenant in Ethnographic Research (Renee C. Fox) -- Note -- Commentary 2. The Gaze of Scholars and Subjects: Roles, Relationships, and Obligations in Ethnographic Research (Sue E. Estroff) -- Note -- Case 2. Community-based HIV Research -- Introduction -- Community Assessment and Perceptions: Preparation for HIV Vaccine Efficacy Trials (Lynn Blanchard) -- Introduction -- Description of Project -- Location of Project -- Community Advisory Board -- Note -- Commentary 1. Community Advisory Board-Investigator Relationships in Community-Based HIV/AIDS Research (Ronald P. Strauss) -- Introduction -- Ethical and Social Issues -- The Rationale of Research -- The Uses of the Research -- Commentary 2. Research Partnerships and People "at Risk": HIV Vaccine Efficacy Trials and African American Communities (Keith A. Wailoo) -- Note -- Case 3. Corporate Sponsorship of Research -- Introduction.

Truth-in-Funding: Studying the Infant-feeding Controversy with Industry Support (Barry M. Popkin) -- Introduction -- History of the Infant-Feeding Project at UNC-CH -- What Did We Study? -- Why Not NIH? -- Ethical Implications of the Issues -- The Current Situation Regarding Industry Sponsorship of Research -- Personal Conclusions -- Funding Source Biases -- Openness about Funding Sources -- Postmortem -- Notes -- Commentary 1. Bias and Conflicts of Interest in Science: Controversial Industry Funding of Infant-feeding Studies (Loretta M. Kopelman) -- The Scientific Framework -- The Framework Assumptions of Advocacy -- The Framework Assumptions of Business -- Multiple Frameworks -- Notes -- Commentary 2. Context and Community: Assessing the Ethics of Industry-Funded Research (Allan M. Brandt and Laura Freidenfelds) -- Contexts -- Interests -- Policy -- Conclusions -- Case 4. Risk and Trust in Abortion Research -- Introduction -- Note -- Research on Induced Abortion in Argentina: Avoiding Self-Incrimination (Jorge Balan and Silvina Ramos) -- Background and Study Objectives -- Study Design -- The Interview Process -- Dissemination of Study Findings -- Ethics and Ethical Principles -- Commentary 1. Research on Induced Abortion: Avoiding Self-Incrimination (Cynthia Waszak) -- Safeguards against Harm -- Informed Consent -- Ethical Review -- Maximizing Benefits -- Commentary 2. Contexts of Social Research (Barbara Entwise) -- Guiding Research Questions -- Risks of Disclosure -- The Self-Interested Researcher -- Research Design -- Contexts -- Case 5. Studying Maltreatment in Families -- Introduction -- Maltreatment in Families: A Research Dilemma (Desmond K. Runyan) -- A Case Study of the Ethical Conflicts -- Conclusions -- Note.

Commentary 1. Child Abuse Research: Can Ethical Standards Be the Same in Developed and Developing Countries? (Marcela Aracena Alvarez) -- What Is Child Abuse? -- Respect for Individuals -- The Conflict of Confidentiality and the Obligation to Report -- Free and Informed Consent -- Cross-Cultural Variation in the Ethics of Human Subjects Research -- Notes -- Commentary 2. Research in Distressed Families: How Should Societies Make Judgments about Parents and Children? (Nancy M. P. King) -- Notes -- Case 6. Whose Consent? -- Introduction -- Can Community Consultation Substitute for Informed Consent in Emergency Medicine Research? (Ernest N. Kraybill and B. Susan Bauer) -- Case Study -- Comment -- Commentary 1. Can Community Consultation Subsitute for Informed Consent in Emergency Medicine Research?: A Response (J. Pat Browder) -- Commentary 2. Medical Research: Using a New Paradigm Where the Old Might Do (Nancy M. P. King) -- Getting Rid of Informed Consent -- The Consent Relationship -- Relationships in Emergency Research -- Conclusion: Using the New Paradigm -- Conclusion. Regulations and Relationships: Toward a New Science (Nancy M. P. King, Gail E. Henderson, and Jane Stein) -- The Cases Revisited -- Blending Paradigms: Can They Coexist? -- Examining Research -- Enlarging Discussion -- Appendix A. Nuremberg Code -- Appendix B. Federal Common Rule -- Appendix C. CIOMS Epidemiological Research Guidelines -- General Ethical Principles -- Ethical Principles Applied to Epidemiology -- Appendix D. CIOMS Biomedical Research Guidelines -- Appendix E. Contract between Alan Benjamin and Congregation Mikve Israel-Emmanuel -- Appendix F. Letter from Alan Benjamin to the Congregation -- References -- Contributors -- Index -- A-C -- D-I -- J-P -- R-V -- W-Z.