Guest Foreword By Bernard Williams -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- 1. Synopsis Of Argument -- 2. Why An Ethics Of Nature? -- 3. The Philosophical Discipline Of The Ethics Of Nature -- 4. The Objective Of This Study -- Part I.: Basic Concepts -- One: Nature -- 1. A Definition Of "Nature" For Environmental Ethics -- 2. Oikos, Cosmos, And The Human Body -- 3. Conservation Versus Cultivation Of Nature -- Two: Ethics -- 1. The Object Of Ethics And The Distinction Between Intrinsic And Instrumental Value -- 2. Good Human Life And Right Human Life -- 3. Good Human Life -- 4. The Well-Being And The Agency Aspect Of Good Human Life -- 5. The Objection To Paternalism -- 6. Moral Concern And Self-Interest -- 7. The Hermeneutics And The Justification Of Moral Culture -- Three: Anthropocentrism Versus Physiocentrism -- 1. The Boundaries Of The Moral Universe - "Extensional Anthropocentrism" Versus "Extensional Physiocentrism" -- 2. The Absolute Strategy In The Ethics Of Nature - "Epistemic Anthropocentrism" Versus "Epistemic Physiocentrism" -- Four: Summary Of Part I -- Part Ii.: Seven Anthropocentric Arguments For The Value Of Nature -- One: The Basic Needs Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. General Comments -- 4. Lost Peace With Nature? The Need For Environmental History -- 5. Some Reasons Why The Basic Needs Argument Is Not As Effective As You Might Expect -- 6. Two Versions Of The Basic Needs Argument Which Incorporate Intrinsic Value Claims For Nature -- Two: The Aisthesis Argument -- 1. Literary Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. Aisthesis And Aesthetic Theory -- 4. The Universality Of Feeling -- 5. The "Grammar" Of Sensation -- 6. Two Objections To The Aisthesis Argument -- Three: The Aesthetic Contemplation Argument -- 1. Literary Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. The Aesthetic Intrinsic Value Of Nature.

4. The Universality Of The Aesthetic Contemplation Of Nature -- 5. The Irreplaceability Of Nature As An Aesthetic Object -- Four: The Natural Design Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. Comments -- Five: The Heimat Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. Comments -- Six: The Pedagogic Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. General Comments -- 4. The Channelling Aggression Objection -- 5. "Is It Only For Practice That We Should Have Compassion For Animals?" A Caveat -- Seven: The Meaning Of Life And The True Joy Of Living Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. Comments -- Eight: Summary Of Part Ii. And Preliminary Results -- Part Iii.: A Hermaphroditic Argument For The Value Of Nature -- One: The Holistic Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. General Comments -- 4. The Ontological Identity Thesis -- 5. The Harmony Of Good Lives Thesis -- 6. The Dependency Thesis -- Two: Summary Of Part Iii -- Part Iv.: Five Physiocentric Arguments For The Value Of Nature -- One: The Pathocentric Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. Practical Consequences: The Case Of Animal Experimentation -- 4. The Question Of Criteria For The Attribution Of Sensations And Feelings -- 5. The No Language, No Interests, No Rights Objection -- 6. The Contractualist Objection -- 7. The Kantian Objection -- 8. The Anti-Egalitarian Objection -- 9. The "First Comes The Food, Then Come The Morals" Objection -- 10. The Policing Nature Objection -- Two: The Teleological Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. General Comments -- 4. The Ambiguity Of The Concept Of "End" -- 5. Nature Follows Functional, Not Practical Ends -- 6. Two Objections To Our Criticism Of The Teleological Argument -- Three: The Reverence For Life Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts.

2. The Argument -- 3. Refutation Of The Reverence For Life Argument -- 4. The Moral Justification Of The Right To Life -- 5. Animals And Death -- 6. Digression On Human Abortion, Infanticide, And The Moral Right To Life Of The Gravely Ill, The Senile, And The Severely Mentally Disabled -- Four: The Following Nature Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. General Comments -- 4. Why We Cannot And, Even If We Could, Should Not Follow Nature -- 5. The Inevitability Of Epistemic Moral Anthropocentrism -- 6. The Disanalogy Between "Anthropocentrism" And "Sexism" -- 7. The Preservation Of Species -- 8. Complexity, Stability, Age -- 9. "Following Nature?" -- Five: The Theological Argument -- 1. Classical Thoughts -- 2. The Argument -- 3. Comments -- Six: Summary Of Part Iv -- Conclusion -- Works Cited -- About The Author -- Index.