Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part One. The Medieval Roots of Just War -- 1. Thinking Morally about War in the Middle Ages and Today - James Turner Johnson -- 2. Taming Warriors in Classical and Early Medieval Political Theory - John Von Heyking -- 3. Augustine and Just War: Between Virtue and Duties - Henrik Syse -- 4. Just War, Schism, and Peace in St. Augustine - Phillip W. Gray -- 5. Is There a "Presumption against War" in Aquinas's Ethics? Gregory M. Reichberg -- 6. Poets and Politics: Just War in Geoffrey Chaucer and Christine de Pizan - Kate L. Forhan -- 7. Reflections on Medieval Just War Theories: A Commentary on Part One - Gerson Moreno-Riaño -- Part Two. Contemporary Problems of War, Nationalism, and Ethics -- 8. Maintaining the Protection of Noncombatants - James Turner Johnson -- 9. Protecting the Natural Environment in Wartime: Ethical Considerations from the Just War Tradition - Gregory M. Reichberg and Henrik Syse -- 10. U.N.-Authorized Interventions: A Slippery Slope of Forcible Interference? - Anne Julie Semb -- 11. Ethical Uncertainties of Nationalism - Dan Smith -- 12. The Sort of Nationalism and Patriotism That Europe Needs - Andreas Follesdal -- 13. Defining and Delivering Justice: The Work of the Ad Hoc International Criminal Tribunals - James Meernik -- 14. The Legitimacy of Anticipatory Defense and Forcible Regime Change - Dieter Janssen -- 15. Genocide: A Case for the Responsibility of the Bystander - Arne Johan Vetlesen -- 16. The Ethical Core of the Nation-State: A Postscript to Part Two - J. Peter Burgess -- Contributors -- Index.