Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Introduction: Citizenship and Unequal Participation -- 2. Studying Gender and Participation -- 3. Civic Activity -- 4. The Political Worlds of Men and Women -- 5. The Legacy of Home and School -- 6. Domestic Tranquility -- 7. Domestic Hierarchy -- 8. The Workplace Roots of Political Activity -- 9. The Realm of Voluntarism -- 10. Gender, Institutions, and Political Participation -- 11. Gender, Race or Ethnicity, and Participation -- 12. Family Life and Political Life -- 13. What If Politics Weren't a Man's Game? -- 14. Conclusion: The Private Roots of Public Action -- Appendixes -- A. Numbers of Cases -- B. Ranges of Variables -- C. Supplementary Tables -- D. Explanation of Outcomes Analysis -- Index.