Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: Biology, Diseases, and Migrations before the Twentieth Century -- 2 Biology, Diseases, and History: The Big Picture -- 3 Diseases and Long-Run Economic Growth -- 4 The Colonists' Choice of Agricultural Labor in Early America -- 5 The Initial Location of Africans and Europeans in Early America -- 6 Slavery and Diseases in the Antebellum American South -- 7 Evidence on the Spread of Diseases in Nineteenth-Century America -- 8 The Biology and Disease Lesson -- Appendixes -- Appendix A: Earnings Required to Amortize Investments in Slaves and Servants -- Appendix B: Nineteenth-Century Transportation and Immigration Data -- Appendix C: US Census Mortality, 1850 to 1900 -- Notes -- References -- Index.