Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1- Prologue -- 1.1 Why Quantifiers Matter -- 1.2 Quantifiers and Question Answering -- Chapter 2- Introduction -- 2.1 Representing Scope Alternation -- 2.2 Grammar and Explanation -- 2.3 Natural Grammar -- 2.4 Composition, Constructions, and Strong Lexicalization -- 2.5 Against (Most) Generalized Quantifiers -- 2.6 Processing Scope -- 2.7 The Argument -- Part I: Natural Semantics -- Chapter 3- The Natural History of Scope -- 3.1 Asymmetries in Scope Taking -- 3.2 The Canadian Flag Exception -- 3.3 Plural Quantifier Nominals -- 3.4 Negation and Scope -- 3.5 Pronouns and Scope -- 3.6 A Narrow Definition of Bound-Variable Anaphora -- 3.7 Early Approaches to Scope Alternation -- Chapter 4- Semantics without Existential Quantifiers -- 4.1 Donkey Sentences -- 4.2 Intensionality -- 4.3 Definites -- 4.4 Pronouns -- 4.5 Indefinites -- 4.6 Distributivity -- 4.7 Maximal Participancy of Plurals -- 4.8 Negation, Polarity, and Monotone Entailment -- Chapter 5- Model Theory -- 5.1 Nonstandard Features of the Model Theory -- 5.2 Syntax -- 5.3 Semantics -- 5.4 Examples -- 5.5 Remarks -- Part II: Natural Grammar -- Chapter 6- Combinatory Categorial Grammar -- 6.1 The Categorial Lexicon -- 6.2 Combinatory Rules -- 6.3 Binding and Control -- 6.4 Relativization -- 6.5 Embedded Subject Extraction -- 6.6 Pied-Piping and In Situ Wh-Items -- 6.7 Coordination -- 6.8 Apparent Exceptions to the Across-the-Board Condition -- 6.9 Argument/Adjunct Cluster Coordination -- 6.10 Coordination of "Unlike" Types -- 6.11 On the Symmetry of Left and Right Extraction -- 6.12 Expressive Power and Computational Complexity of CCG -- 6.13 A Comparison with Categorial Type Logic and Lambek Grammars -- Chapter 7- Quantification and Pronominal Anaphora -- 7.1 Generalized Quantifiers -- 7.2 Skolem Terms -- 7.3 Definites -- 7.4 Pronouns.

7.5 Bound-Variable Anaphora -- Part III: Scope, Coordination, and Polarity -- Chapter 8- Inverse Scope -- 8.1 How True Universal Quantifiers Invert Scope -- 8.2 "Inverse Linking" -- 8.3 "Frozen" Scope -- 8.4 "Intermediate" Scope -- 8.5 Asymmetric Scope in English Embedded Universal Subjects -- 8.6 Asymmetric Scope in German and Dutch -- 8.7 Why Nonuniversals Do Not Invert -- Chapter 9- Distributional Scope of Plurals -- 9.1 Distributivity -- 9.2 The Proportion Problem -- 9.3 Counting Quantifiers -- 9.4 Distributivity and Word Order in English and Japanese -- Chapter 10- Coordination and Scope -- 10.1 Plural Coordination -- 10.2 Quantifier Coordination -- 10.2.1 Collective Coordination -- 10.2.2 Distributive Coordination -- 10.3 "Branching Quantifiers" -- 10.4 Across-the-Board Scope Alternation -- 10.5 Parallelism and ATB Scope Taking -- Chapter 11- Negation and Polarity -- 11.1 Negation and Entailment -- 11.2 Polarized Determiners -- 11.2.1 Some -- 11.2.2 Any -- 11.2.3 Each and Every -- 11.2.4 Indefinites -- 11.2.5 No -- 11.3 "Split Scope" -- 11.4 Not Every and Not All -- 11.5 Pronouns and Polarity -- 11.6 Multiple Negation -- 11.7 A Note on Negative-Concord Dialects of English -- 11.8 Negative Scope and Coordination -- Chapter 12- Related Approaches -- 12.1 Discourse Representation Theory -- 12.2 E-Type Pronouns -- 12.3 Underspecification -- 12.4 Storage -- 12.5 Call-by-Name -- Part IV: Applications and Conclusions -- Chapter 13- Efficient Processing with CCG -- 13.1 Parsing with CCG -- 13.2 Building Logical Forms with CCG -- 13.3 Processing Scope and Pronominal Reference in CCG -- 13.4 String Generation from Logical Forms Using CCG -- 13.5 The Use of Scope -- 13.6 Entailment -- 13.7 Human Sentence Processing -- Chapter 14- Conclusion -- References -- Index.