Global Ocean Science -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Global Ocean Science -- Executive Summary -- IMPACT OF MAJOR OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAMS ON OCEAN SCIENCE -- Scientific Understanding and Education -- Technology and Facilities -- Collegiality -- SCIENTIFIC AND GENERIC GAPS -- STRUCTURING PROGRAMS TO MAXIMIZE SCIENCE ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT -- IMPROVING SCIENCE BY ENHANCING COMMUNICATION AND COORDINATION -- LESSONS FOR THE FUTURE -- 1 Introduction -- FOCUS OF THIS STUDY -- THE COMMITTEE'S APPROACH -- Identification of Data and Information Required -- Collection of Relevant Data and Information -- Scope of This Report -- 2 The Role of Major Oceanographic Programs -- THE INTERNATIONAL DECADE OF OCEAN EXPLORATION -- THE GROWTH OF MAJOR OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAMS -- Value for Decision Making -- OCEAN SCIENCES AT NSF -- Focus Initiatives of NSF/OCE -- The U.S. Global Change Research Program -- THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND OCEANOGRAPHY -- The Present Challenge -- 3 Enhancing Coordination and Information Sharing -- DEVELOPMENT OF LONG- AND SHORT-TERM RESEARCH GOALS -- COORDINATION OF MAJOR FIELD PROGRAMS -- COORDINATION OF SYNTHESIS ACTIVITIES -- LESSONS FROM EXISTING PROGRAMS -- 4 Accomplishments, Impacts, and Legacies -- THE ROLE OF MAJOR OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAMS IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE OCEANS -- Data as Legacy -- Scientific Accomplishments -- Community Perception of Accomplishments -- TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT -- Technology Development -- Facilities -- The Research Fleet -- Community Perceptions of Technology Development -- IMPACT ON EDUCATION -- Educational Facilities -- Major Oceanographic Programs in the Classroom -- Impact on Graduate Education -- COLLEGIALITY IN THE OCEANOGRAPHIC ACADEMIC COMMUNITY -- Funding Stresses -- International Cooperation -- 5 Gaps and Follow-On Activities.

GAPS WITHIN AND AMONG PROGRAMS -- Program Contingency Plans -- Combined Process Studies -- Continuation of Time Series -- The Transition of Data Collection into Sustained Observations -- INFRASTRUCTURE RELATED GAPS -- The Research Fleet -- Modeling, Synthesis and Data Assimilation -- Data Management -- Other Infrastructure Components -- POTENTIAL FOLLOW-ON ACTIVITIES -- ADDRESSING GAPS -- 6 Program Planning, Structure, and Organization -- NATURE OF MAJOR OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAMS: A COMPARISON -- The Present Programs Involving NSF -- International Decade of Ocean Exploration (IDOE) Programs -- Office of Naval Research Programs -- FUTURE PROGRAM INITIATION -- STRUCTURE OF FUTURE MAJOR PROGRAMS -- Role of Scientific Steering Committee -- Program Size -- Program Length -- Synergy Between Models and Observations -- Coordination with Long Lead Time and Mission Agencies, and Ship Scheduling -- 7 Lessons for the Future: The Role of the National Science Foundation -- THE ROLE OF THE OCEAN SCIENCES DIVISION OF NSF -- LESSONS LEARNED -- Program Initiation -- Program Implementation -- Program Conclusion -- MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR PROGRAMS -- Creation of an Interdisciplinary Unit -- 8 Cited References -- Appendixes -- Appendix A Committee and Staff Biographies -- Committee Members -- Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Appendix C Background Questionnaire -- Appendix D Scientific Steering Committee Perspectives Questionnaire -- Appendix E Website Questionnaire -- Appendix F Summary Budget Data -- Appendix G National Science Foundation Division of Ocean Sciences -- Policy For Oceanographic Data NSF 94-126 -- Appendix H Major U.S. Oceanographic Research Programs: Major Publications -- World Ocean Circulation Experiment (Woce) -- Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (Jgofs) -- Ridge Inter-Disciplinary Global Experiments (Ridge).

Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics Program (Globec) -- U.S. Science Support Program (USSSP)/Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) -- Coastal Ocean Processes (CoOP) -- Climate Variability And Predictability Program/Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Program (Clivar/Goals) -- Tropical Oceans-Global Atmosphere (Toga) -- Appendix I Major U.S. Oceanographic Research Programs: Textbook References -- Appendix J Selected Responses to World Wide Web and Scientific Steering Committee Questionnaires (Discussed in Chapters 4… -- Index.