Meeting the Nation's Biomedical and Behavioral Scientists -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- ESTIMATING NATIONAL NEEDS FOR RESEARCH SCIENTISTS -- Health Research as a National Priority -- Unknown Effects of Health Care Reform -- Advances in Research -- Demand of the Marketplace -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Stipends -- Numerical Recommendations -- Basic Biomedical Sciences -- Behavioral Sciences -- Clinical Sciences -- Remaining Fields -- Minority Access to Research Careers -- ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE NRSA PROGRAM -- Flexibility in Career Training at the Postdoctoral Level -- Monitoring Progress Toward NRSA Goals -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter One Introduction -- ORIGINS OF THE STUDY -- CHARGE TO THE COMMITTEE -- THE COMMITTEE'S STUDY PLAN -- Definition of the Study Population -- Panel on Estimation Procedures -- Call for a Public Hearing -- Commissioned Papers -- Airlie House Retreat -- ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Two Approaches to the Estimation of National Need -- HEALTH RESEARCH AS A NATIONAL PRIORITY -- Patterns of Federal Support -- Trends in Industrial Support -- Other Factors -- Impact of the Budget Deficit -- The Economy -- Unknown Effects of Health Care Reform -- Regulatory Costs of Research Investments -- ADVANCES IN RESEARCH -- MARKETPLACE REQUIREMENTS -- Status Report on the Work of the Panel on Estimation Procedures -- 1989 NRC Model -- New Techniques for Estimating National Needs -- Summary -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Three Basic Biomedical Sciences Personnel -- ADVANCES IN RESEARCH -- ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT MARKET FOR BASIC BIOMEDICAL SCIENTISTS -- Degree Production and Career Patterns -- Degree Production -- Career Patterns -- Market Conditions -- Unemployment and Underemployment -- Postdoctorates -- Postgraduation Commitments -- Starting Salaries.

OUTLOOK FOR BASIC BIOMEDICAL SCIENTISTS -- Priority Fields -- ENSURING THE DIVERSITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES -- THE NRSA PROGRAM IN THE BASIC BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Predoctoral Training -- Postdoctoral Training -- Minority Access to Research Careers -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Four Behavioral Sciences Personnel -- ADVANCES IN RESEARCH IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES -- Health and Behavior -- Learning and Memory -- Signal Detection and Medical Imaging -- ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT MARKET FOR BEHAVIORAL SCIENTISTS -- Degree Production and Career Patterns -- Degree Production -- Career Patterns -- Market Conditions -- Unemployment and Underemployment -- Postgraduation Commitments -- Starting Salaries -- OUTLOOK FOR BEHAVIORAL SCIENTISTS -- Relationship Between Market Outlook and the Need for Behavioral Research Personnel -- Priority Fields -- Societal Problems -- A Special Note on Clinical and Clinical Services Research -- ENSURING THE DIVERSITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES -- THE NRSA PROGRAM IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Predoctoral Training -- Postdoctoral Training -- Minority Access to Research Careers -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Five Physician-Scientists -- ADVANCES IN CLINICAL SCIENCE -- ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT MARKET FOR CLINICAL SCIENTISTS -- Degree Production and Career Patterns -- Degree Production -- Career Patterns -- Market Forces -- Academic Health Centers -- Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Industry -- Cap on Domestic Spending -- Emphasis on Increasing the Training of Generalists -- OUTLOOK FOR CLINICAL SCIENTISTS -- Expenditures for Clinical Research and Development -- Professional Service Income -- Total Medical School Revenue -- Budgeted Faculty Vacancies -- Faculty/Student Ratio -- Priority Fields -- ENSURING THE DIVERSITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES -- Race and Ethnicity -- Age.

THE NRSA PROGRAM IN THE CLINICAL SCIENCES -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- The Medical Scientist Training Program -- Individual Fellowships -- Institutional Training Grants in the Clinical Sciences -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Six Oral Health Research Personnel -- ADVANCES IN ORAL HEALTH RESEARCH -- ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT MARKET FOR ORAL HEALTH RESEARCH PERSONNEL -- OUTLOOK FOR ORAL HEALTH RESEARCH SCIENTISTS -- ENSURING DIVERSITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES -- NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARD PROGRAM FOR ORAL HEALTH RESEARCH -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Program Size -- Need for a Dental Scientist Training Program -- Other Considerations -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Seven Nursing Research Personnel -- ADVANCES IN NURSING RESEARCH -- Acute and Chronic Illness -- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention -- Systems of Care -- ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT MARKET FOR NURSING RESEARCH PERSONNEL -- OUTLOOK FOR NURSING RESEARCH PERSONNEL -- ENSURING DIVERSITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES -- Minorities -- Age -- Gender -- THE NRSA PROGRAM IN NURSING RESEARCH -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Program Size -- Balance in Mechanisms of Support -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Eight Health Services Research Personnel -- ADVANCES IN HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH -- Organization and Financing -- Medical Effectiveness Research -- Quality of Care and Patient Outcomes -- Ethical and Legal Issues -- ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT MARKET FOR HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH PERSONNEL -- Supply of Health Services Researchers -- Composition of the Attentive Health Services Research Labor Force:1992 -- Employment Sector. -- Changes in Composition Over Time -- OUTLOOK FOR HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH PERSONNEL -- Future Employment Conditions -- ENSURING DIVERSITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES -- Training of Health Professionals -- THE NRSA PROGRAM IN HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Program Size -- Traineeships and Fellowships.

NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter Nine Recommendations and Remaining Considerations -- STIPEND ISSUES -- Estimating Program Costs -- ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE NRSA PROGRAM -- Flexibility in Career Training at the Postdoctoral Level -- Monitoring Progress Toward NRSA Goals -- Data on Minority Participation in Science Careers -- The Need for Well-Designed Career Outcomes Studies -- The Need for Studies of Institutional Impact -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Appendixes -- Appendix A Historical Overview -- Linking Health Research with Training -- The NRSA Program -- Establishing the Scope of the NRSA Program -- Value of the Training System -- Attraction of Minorities to Careers in Biomedical Research -- Attraction of Women to Careers in Biomedical Research -- Evaluating the NRSA Program -- Predoctoral Training for Ph.D.S -- Postdoctoral Research Training for Ph.D.S -- Postdoctoral Training for M.D.S -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Appendix B Classification of Fields -- Basic Biomedical Sciences -- Appendix C Public Hearing on National Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Research Personnel -- Program -- Agenda -- Appendix D Report Contributors -- Appendix E Sources of Information for the National Research Service Award -- Predoctoral Level -- Individual Awards -- Institutional Awards -- Postdoctoral Level -- Individual A Wards -- Institutional Awards -- Appendix F Data Tables -- Appendix G Multistate Life Table Methodology and Projections -- Projection Models -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Appendix H Procedures Used to Estimate Awards, Stipends, and Costs -- Assumptions About Program Size -- Stipends -- Estimating Incremental Stipend Costs -- NOTES -- Appendix I Biographical Sketches -- Committer on National Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Besearch Personnel -- Panel on Estimation Procedures.