FEDERAL FUNDING OF ASTRONOMICAL RESEARCH -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgment of Reviewers -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Back to the Past: An Update on the 1991 Decadal Report -- 2.1 THE DEMOGRAPHICS OF ASTRONOMY -- 2.2 THE FUNDING OF ASTRONOMY -- 2.2.1 Support from NSF -- 2.2.2 Support from NASA -- 2.2.3 Trends in Astronomical Research -- 3 Process and Methodology of This Study -- 3.1 KEY QUESTIONS -- 3.2 TYPES OF DATA GATHERED -- 3.3 LIMITATIONS OF DATA RESOURCES -- 4 Demographics -- 4.1 NUMBER OF ASTRONOMERS -- 4.2 PUBLICATIONS AND DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDING SOURCES -- 4.3 DATA AND CONCLUSIONS -- 5 Funding -- 5.1 THE NSF BUDGET -- 5.1.1 Total NSF R&RA Budget and AST and MPS Fractions -- 5.1.2 NSF AST Overview -- 5.1.3 Major Research Equipment -- 5.1.4 Grants Program -- 5.1.5 Oversubscription in the NSF Grants Program -- 5.2 THE NASA R&A BUDGET -- 5.2.1 NASA Theory Program -- 5.3 FACILITIES OVERSUBSCRIPTION -- 5.3.1 NSF Facilities -- National Optical Astronomy Observatories -- National Radio Astronomy Observatory -- National Astronomy and Ionospheric Center -- University-owned Radio Observatories -- 5.3.2 NASA Ground-based Facilities -- 5.3.3 NASA Missions with Guest Observer Programs -- Hubble Space Telescope -- Chandra -- Compton Gamma Ray Observatory -- Far Ultraviolet Spectrographic Explorer -- Kuiper Airborne Observatory and Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy -- 5.3.4 Instrumentation for Ground-based Telescopes -- 6 Discussion -- 6.1 BALANCE AMONG AGENCIES -- 6.2 GROUND-BASED OPTICAL FACILITIES -- 6.3 VULNERABILITIES -- 6.4 THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION -- 6.5 RECORD KEEPING -- 7 Findings -- APPENDIXES -- A Discipline and Field Categories -- B American Astronomical Society Membership -- C Deflators -- D National Science Foundation Budget Numbers -- E Additional Sources of Funding for Astronomy.

E.1 -- E.1.1 Ames Research Center -- E.1.2 Goddard Institute for Space Studies -- E.1.3 Goddard Space Flight Center -- E.1.4 NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory -- E.1.5 Marshall Space Flight Center -- E.1.6 Space Telescope Science Institute -- E.2 NASA TECHNOLOGY FUNDING -- E.3 RESEARCH FUNDING AT NSF FACILITIES -- E.3.1 National Radio Astronomy Observatory -- E.3.2 National Optical Astronomy Observatories -- E.3.3 International Gemini Project -- E.3.4 National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center -- E.4 DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY -- E.5 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE -- E.6 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION -- E.7 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY -- F National Science Foundation Proposal Success Rates -- G Notes on Figures, Tables, and Other References -- OVERALL FUNDING -- STUDENTS AND DEGREES -- Acronyms Acronyms.