FrontMatter -- Reviewers -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Boxes, Figure, and Tables -- Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods, Tools, and Resources Needed to Discover and Develop Biomarkers -- 3 Guidelines, Standards, Oversight, and Incentives Needed for Biomarker Development -- 4 Methods and Process Needed for Clinical Adoption and Evaluation of Biomarker-Based Diagnostics -- Acronyms and Glossary -- Appendix: Developing Biomarker-Based Tools for Cancer Screening, Diagnosis,and Treatment: The State of the Science, Evaluation, Implementation, and Economics, Workshop Summary--Margie Patlak and Sharyl Nass, Rapporteurs.