Cover -- Published titles in this series -- Contents -- About the authors -- Abbreviations -- Preface -- Foreword -- 1. Introduction -- Introduction -- Epidemiology -- Aetiology -- LIFESTYLE -- GENETIC CAUSES -- ACQUIRED CAUSES -- Diagnostic categories -- Prevention of infertility -- Effective treatments -- COST EFFECTIVENESS -- Unwanted effects of treatment -- EMOTIONAL CONSEQUENCES -- MULTIPLE BIRTHS -- RISK OF CANCER -- Context of care -- Summary -- Recommended reading -- 2. The initial assessment of the infertile couple -- Introduction -- Pragmatic definition of infertility -- PRIMARY CARE -- HOSPITAL CARE -- The infertility consultation -- Appropriate initial investigations -- MALE -- FEMALE -- General advice for practitioners to give to patients -- Further tests -- FEMALE -- MALE -- Summary -- References -- 3. Male factor infertility -- Introduction -- Aetiology -- VARICOCOELE -- HYPOGONADOTROPHIC HYPOGONADISM -- COITAL DYSFUNCTION -- IMMUNOLOGICAL CAUSES -- GENITAL TRACT INFECTION -- GENITAL TRACT OBSTRUCTION -- TESTICULAR MALDESCENT -- CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES -- CHEMOTHERAPY, RADIOTHERAPY AND TOXINS -- IDIOPATHIC MALE INFERTILITY -- Clinical management -- HISTORY AND EXAMINATION -- Investigations -- SEMEN ANALYSIS -- ENDOCRINE TESTS -- MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SEMEN -- IMAGING OF THE GENITAL TRACT -- TESTICULAR BIOPSY -- GENETIC STUDIES -- Treatment -- GENERAL MANAGEMENT -- MANAGEMENT OF VARICOCOELE -- MANAGEMENT OF GONADOTROPHIN DEFICIENCY -- MANAGEMENT OF EJACULATORY PROBLEMS -- IMMUNOLOGICAL INFERTILITY MANAGEMENT -- EMPIRICAL TREATMENT, INCLUDING TREATMENT NOT YET SHOWN TO BE EFFECTIVE -- Assisted reproduction -- SUPEROVULATION AND IUI -- ICSI -- DONOR INSEMINATION -- Prevention -- References -- Further reading -- 4. Disorders of ovulation -- Introduction -- Classification of ovulation disorders -- OVARY -- HYPOTHALAMUS.

PITUITARY -- HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY DYSFUNCTION -- Diagnosis -- POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME -- Treatment options: considerations -- Weight loss and lifestyle modification -- Insulin-sensitising agents -- Anti-estrogens -- CLOMIFENE CITRATE -- MECHANISM OF ACTION -- TREATMENT REGIMENS -- ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS -- EFFECTIVENESS -- TAMOXIFEN -- COMBINATION OF CLOMIFENE AND DEXAMETHASONE -- COMBINATION OF CLOMIFENE WITH HCG -- Gonadatrophins -- TREATMENT REGIMEN -- EFFECTIVENESS -- ADVERSE EFFECTS -- LOW-DOSE GONADOTROPHIN REGIMENS -- AROMATASE INHIBITORS -- Laparoscopic drilling of the ovaries -- Iatrogenic problems of ovulation induction -- OVARIAN HYPERSTIMULATION SYNDROME -- MULTIPLE PREGNANCY -- ASSOCIATION OF OVARIAN CARCINOMA WITH OVULATION INDUCTION -- Treatment of WHO Group I ovulatory dysfunction -- DIETARY MEASURES AND PSYCHOTHERAPY -- PULSATILE ADMINISTRATION OF GnRH AGONISTS -- GONADOTROPHIN REGIMENS -- HYPERPROLACTINAEMIA -- Treatment options for WHO Group III ovulatory dysfunction -- Summary -- References -- Further reading -- 5. Tubal factor infertility -- Introduction -- Aetiology -- INFECTION -- SURGERY -- OTHER CAUSES -- Pathology -- ACUTE INFLAMMATION -- CHRONIC INFLAMMATION -- CLASSIFICATION OF TUBAL FACTOR INFERTILITY -- Treatment -- CONSERVATIVE -- MEDICAL -- SURGERY -- Surgical options -- PROXIMAL TUBAL OBSTRUCTION -- SELECTIVE SALPINGOGRAPHY WITH TUBAL CANNULATION -- DISTAL TUBAL OBSTRUCTION -- Reversal of sterilisation -- What if surgery fails? -- In vitro fertilisation -- IVF or surgery? -- Prevention -- References -- Further reading -- 6. Infertility and endometriosis -- Introduction -- Mechanisms by which minimal and mild endometriosis may impair fertility -- DEFECTIVE FOLLICULOGENESIS -- DISORDERS OF OVULATION -- HYPERPROLACTINAEMIA -- LUTEAL PHASE DEFICIENCY -- IMPAIRED IMPLANTATION -- AUTOIMMUNITY -- PERITONEAL ENVIRONMENT.

Treatment of endometriosis and reproductive outcome -- MEDICAL TREATMENT -- SURGICAL TREATMENT -- ADJUVANT TREATMENT -- Assisted reproduction in endometriosis-related infertility -- Summary -- References -- Further reading -- 7. Unexplained infertility -- Introduction -- Possible causes of unexplained infertility -- LUTEAL-PHASE DEFICIENCY -- LUTEINISED UNRUPTURED FOLLICLE SYNDROME -- HYPERPROLACTINAEMIA -- ENDOMETRIOSIS -- SUBCLINICAL PREGNANCY LOSS -- ANATOMICAL ABNORMALITIES -- OCCULT INFECTION -- SPERM DYSFUNCTION -- IMMUNOLOGICAL CAUSES -- PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS -- Diagnosis -- Management -- EMPIRICAL CLOMIFENE -- INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION WITH OR WITHOUT SUPEROVULATION -- GAMETE INTRAFALLOPIAN TRANSFER -- IN VITRO FERTILISATION -- OTHER MEDICAL TREATMENTS -- Summary -- References -- 8. Assisted conception techniques -- Introduction -- Factors affecting the outcome of assisted reproduction treatment -- AGE OF THE WOMAN -- NUMBER OF PREVIOUS TREATMENT CYCLES -- PAST REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY -- DURATION OF INFERTILITY -- OVARIAN RESERVE -- SURGERY FOR HYDROSALPINGES BEFORE IVF TREATMENT -- IUI (with or without ovulation induction) -- In vitro fertilisation -- OVARIAN STIMULATION -- OOCYTE RETRIEVAL -- INSEMINATION -- MICRO-ASSISTED FERTILISATION -- EMBRYO TRANSFER -- LUTEAL PHASE SUPPORT -- SUCCESS RATES OF TREATMENT -- CRYOPRESERVATION OF EMBRYOS AND GAMETES -- Gamete intrafallopian transfer -- Zygote intrafallopian transfer -- Donor insemination -- Ovum donation -- DONOR ANONYMITY -- Surrogacy -- Welfare of the child -- Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority -- Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Index.