Water Pollution Policies and the American States -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Acknowledgments -- List of Acronyms -- Part I. Introduction -- 1. Lawmaking and Water Pollution Policy: Can Congress Clean the Water? -- 2. Water Pollution in the United States -- Part II. Runaway Bureaucracies?A Historical Analysis -- 3. A Historical Overview -- 4. The Era of Supportive Federalism,1948-1971 -- 5. The Era of Directive Federalism,1972-1986 -- 6. The Era of Experimental Federalism,1987-Present -- 7. Congressional Direction and Policy Implementation: A Summary Analysis -- Part III. Congressional Control?Contemporary Water Pollution Policies and State Programs -- 8. Congress's Will and Clean Water: The Design of Federal Law on the Protection of Surface Waters -- 9. State Non-Point Source Water Pollution Programs -- 10. State Point Source Permitting Programs -- 11. The Stringency of State Water Pollution Permits -- Part IV. Summary and Conclusions -- 12. Findings and Implications: A Summary Analysis -- 13. Federal Water Pollution Policy: Where to Go from Here? -- Appendix A. Results of Probabilistic Surveys ofAmerican Water Resources,by Water Body Type, Released by USEPA as of September 2010 -- Appendix B. Major State Non-Point Source Water Pollution Expenditures -- Appendix C. Strength of State Enforceable Authorities for Non-Point Source Water Pollution Contro -- Appendix D. Point Source Water Pollution Data Sources and Coding -- Appendix E. Summary Explanation of Independent Variables -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- W.